Article (Scientific journals)
The contribution of executive functions deficits to impaired episodic memory in individuals with alcoholism
Noël, Xavier; Van der Linden, Martial; Brevers, Damien et al.
2012In Psychiatry Research, 198 (1), p. 116-122
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Keywords :
Alcoholism; Episodic memory; Executive functions; Relapse prevention; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Cognition Disorders; Executive Function; Female; Humans; Inhibition (Psychology); Male; Memory Disorders; Memory, Episodic; Memory, Short-Term; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Regression Analysis; Verbal Learning
Abstract :
[en] Individuals with alcoholism commonly exhibit impaired performance on episodic memory tasks. However, the contribution of their impaired executive functioning to poor episodic memory remains to be clarified. Thirty-six recently detoxified and sober asymptomatic alcoholic men and 36 matched non-alcoholic participants were tested for processing speed, prepotent response inhibition, mental flexibility, coordination of dual-task and a verbal episodic memory task. Compared with non-alcoholic individuals, the alcoholic patients showed impaired executive functions combined with below normal performance on both free and delayed recall. In contrast, processing speed, cued recall and recognition were preserved. Regression analyses revealed that 47% of alcoholics' episodic memory's free recall performance was predicted by mental flexibility and that 49% of their delayed recall performance was predicted by mental flexibility, manipulation of dual-task and prepotent response inhibition. Regarding participants' executive predictors of episodic memory performance, the slopes of β coefficients were significantly different between the two groups, with alcoholics requiring more their executive system than non-alcoholics. Once detoxified, alcoholic patients showed episodic memory deficits mainly characterized by impaired effortful (executive) processes. Compared with controls, patients used effortful learning strategies, which are nonetheless less efficient. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Disciplines :
Neurosciences & behavior
Author, co-author :
Noël, Xavier;  Belgium Fund for Scientific Research (F.R.S.-FNRS), Psychological Medicine Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B), Brugmann Campus, 4 place Van Gehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
Van der Linden, Martial ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Psychologie > Département de Psychologie
Brevers, Damien;  Belgium Fund for Scientific Research (F.R.S.-FNRS), Psychological Medicine Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B), Belgium
Campanella, Salvatore;  Belgium Fund for Scientific Research (F.R.S.-FNRS), Psychological Medicine Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B), Brugmann Campus, 4 place Van Gehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
Hanak, Catherine;  Brugmann Universitary Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B), Belgium
Kornreich, Charles;  Brugmann Universitary Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B), Belgium
Verbanck, Paul;  Brugmann Universitary Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B), Belgium
Language :
English
Title :
The contribution of executive functions deficits to impaired episodic memory in individuals with alcoholism
Publication date :
2012
Journal title :
Psychiatry Research
ISSN :
0165-1781
eISSN :
1872-7123
Publisher :
North-Holland Biomedical Press, Netherlands
Elsevier, Netherlands
Volume :
198
Issue :
1
Pages :
116-122
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Available on ORBi :
since 07 January 2020

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