How inhibition relates to impulsivity after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Cognition; Executive control; Keywords TBI; Neurobehavioral symptoms; UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale; Urgency; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Brain Injuries; Case-Control Studies; Cognition Disorders; Decision Making; Executive Function; Female; Humans; Impulsive Behavior; Inhibition (Psychology); Male; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Reaction Time; Statistics as Topic; Young Adult

Abstract :

[en] Abstract Impulsive behaviors and poor inhibition performances are frequently described in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, few studies have examined impulsivity and associated inhibition impairments in these patients. Twenty-eight patients with moderate to severe TBI and 27 matched controls performed a stop-signal task designed to assess prepotent response inhibition (the ability to inhibit a dominant or automatic motor response) in a neutral or emotional context and a recent negative task to assess resistance to proactive interference (the ability to resist the intrusion into memory of information that was previously relevant but has since become irrelevant). Informants of each patient completed a short questionnaire designed to assess impulsivity. Patients showed a significant increase in current urgency, lack of premeditation, and lack of perseverance when retrospectively compared with the preinjury condition. Group comparisons revealed poorer prepotent response inhibition and resistance to proactive interference performances in patients with TBI. Finally, correlation analyses revealed a significant positive correlation between urgency (the tendency to act rashly when distressed) and prepotent response inhibition in patients with TBI. This study sheds new light on the construct of impulsivity after a TBI, its related cognitive mechanisms, and its potential role in problematic behaviors described after a TBI. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1-9) Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2013 Â.

Disciplines :

Neurosciences & behavior

Author, co-author :

Rochat, Lucien; Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, University of Geneva, 40, Boulevard du Pont d'Arve, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland, Swiss Centre for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland

Beni, Catia; Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, University of Geneva, 40, Boulevard du Pont d'Arve, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland

Annoni, Jean-Marie; Neuropsychology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland, Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland

Vuadens, Philippe; Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland

Van der Linden, Martial ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Psychologie > Département de Psychologie

Language :

English

Title :

How inhibition relates to impulsivity after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Publication date :

2013

Journal title :

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society

ISSN :

1355-6177

eISSN :

1469-7661

Publisher :

Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

890-898

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Funders :

NSF - National Science Foundation

Available on ORBi :

since 03 January 2020

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