Cognitive and emotional associations to positive schizotypy during adolescence

Adolescence; Anxiety; Depression; Hallucinations; Metacognitive beliefs; Psychosis; Meta Cognitions Questionnaire; Revised Children Manifest Anxiety Scale; Adolescent; Child; Cognition Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Mood Disorders; Neuropsychological Tests; Schizotypal Personality Disorder; Severity of Illness Index

Abstract :

[en] Background: Sub-clinical symptoms of psychosis such as hallucinations and delusions, known as positive schizotypy, constitute one of the strongest predictive factors for adult psychotic disorders. Recent cognitive models suggest that the expression of positive schizotypy is associated with depression, anxiety, metacognitive beliefs and self-monitoring deficits. In this study, we present empirical data on the relationships positive schizotypy hold with both emotional and cognitive factors. Methods: A sample of 163 adolescents (77 females) participated in this study (mean age 15.3, 12-18 years). Subjects filled out self-report questionnaires assessing the emotional dimensions of depression and anxiety, as well as metacognitive beliefs. Self-monitoring skills were assessed using an action monitoring paradigm sensitive to dysfunctions associated with psychosis-proneness. Multivariate regression models were employed to examine emotional and cognitive contributions to positive schizotypy during adolescence. Results: Analyses revealed that dimensions of depression, anxiety, and metacognitive beliefs significantly correlated with the expression of positive schizotypy. When accounting for the effects of depression and metacognitive beliefs in adolescents reporting hallucinations, self-monitoring dysfunctions seemed to represent a significant factor in the expression of positive schizotypy. Conclusion: The present results suggest that the expression of positive schizotypy during adolescence is modulated by emotional factors of depression and anxiety, as well as metacognitive beliefs and self-monitoring dysfunctions. The current data lend some evidence that supports the cognitive-developmental account of positive symptom formation before the onset of a psychotic disorder. © 2008 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.

Disciplines :

Neurosciences & behavior

Author, co-author :

Debbané, Martin; Service Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland, Faculry of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland

Van der Linden, Martial ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Psychologie > Département de Psychologie

Gex-Fabry, Marianne; Division of Adult Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

Eliez, Stephan; Service Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland, Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, School of Medicine, Switzerland

Language :

English

Title :

Cognitive and emotional associations to positive schizotypy during adolescence

Publication date :

2009

Journal title :

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines

ISSN :

0021-9630

eISSN :

1469-7610

Publisher :

Blackwell, Oxford, United Kingdom

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

326-334

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 18 December 2019

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