Russell M.B., Rasmussen B.K., Thorvaldsen P., Olesen J. (1995) Prevalence and sex-ratio of the subtypes of migraine. Int J Epidemiol 24:612-618.
Mochi M., Sangiorgi S., Cortelli P. (1993) Testing models for genetic determination in migraine. Cephalalgia 113:389-394.
Russell M.B., Olesen J. (1993) The genetics of migraine without aura and migraine with aura. Cephalalgia 13:245-248.
Stewart W.F., Staffa J., Lipton R.B., Ottman R. (1997) Familial risk of migraine: A population-based study. Ann Neurol 41:166-172.
Haan J., Terwindt G.M., Ferrari M.D. (1997) Genetics of migraine. Neurol Clin 15:43-60.
Nappi G., Costa A., Tassorelli C., Santorelli F.M. (2000) Migraine as a complex disease: Heterogeneity, comorbidity and genotype-phenotype interactions. Funct Neurol 15:87-93.
Russell M.B., Olesen J. (1995) Increased familial risk and evidence of genetic factor in migraine. BMJ 311:541-544.
Diriong S., Lory P., Williams M.E., Ellis S.B., Harpold M.M., Taviaux S. (1995) Chromosomal localization of the human genes for alpha 1A, alpha 1B, and alpha 1E voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel subunits. Genomics 30:605-609.
(1988) Classification and diagnostic criteria for headache disorders, cranial neuralgias and facial pain. Cephalalgia 8:1-9.
Neuhauser H., Leopold M., Von Brevern M., Arnold G., Lempert T. (2001) The interrelations of migraine, vertigo, and migrainous vertigo. Neurology 56:436-441.
Haan J., Terwindt G.M., Ophoff R.A. (1995) Is familial hemiplegic migraine a hereditary form of basilar migraine?. Cephalalgia 15:477-481.
Ophoff R.A., Terwindt G.M., Vergouwe M.N. (1996) Familial hemiplegic migraine and episodic ataxia type-2 are caused by mutations in the Ca2+ channel gene CACNL1A4. Cell 87:543-552.
Jodice C., Mantuano E., Veneziano L. (1997) Episodic ataxia type 2 (EA2) and spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6) due to CAG repeat expansion in the CACNA1A gene on chromosome 19p. Hum Mol Genet 6:1973-1978.
Jouvenceau A., Eunson L.H., Spauschus A. (2001) Human epilepsy associated with dysfunction of the brain P/Q-type calcium channel. Lancet 358:801-807.
Chioza B., Wilkie H., Nashef L. (2001) Association between the alpha1a calcium channel gene CACNA1A and idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Neurology 56:1245-1246.
Friend K.L., Crimmins D., Phan T.G. (1999) Detection of a novel missense mutation and second recurrent mutation in the CACNA1A gene in individuals with EA-2 and FHM. Hum Genet 105:261-265.
Jen J., Yue Q., Nelson S.F. (1999) A novel nonsense mutation in CACNA1A causes episodic ataxia and hemiplegia. Neurology 53:34-37.
Battistini S., Stenirri S., Piatti M. (1999) A new CACNA1A gene mutation in acetazolamide-responsive familial hemiplegic migraine and ataxia. Neurology 53:38-43.
Ducros A., Denier C., Joutel A. (2001) The clinical spectrum of familial hemiplegic migraine associated with mutations in a neuronal calcium channel. N Engl J Med 345:17-24.
Vahedi K., Denier C., Ducros A. (2000) CACNA1A gene de novo mutation causing hemiplegic migraine, coma, and cerebellar atrophy. Neurology 55:1040-1042.
Kors E.E., Terwindt G.M., Vermeulen F.L. (2001) Delayed cerebral edema and fatal coma after minor head trauma: Role of the CACNA1A calcium channel subunit gene and relationship with familial hemiplegic migraine. Ann Neurol 49:753-760.
Nyholt D.R., Lea R.A., Goadsby P.J., Brimage P.J., Griffiths L.R. (1998) Familial typical migraine: Linkage to chromosome 19p13 and evidence for genetic heterogeneity. Neurology 50:1428-1432.
May A., Ophoff R.A., Terwindt G.M. (1995) Familial hemiplegic migraine locus on 19p13 is involved in the common forms of migraine with and without aura. Hum Genet 96:604-608.
Terwindt G.M., Ophoff R.A., Van Eijk R. (2001) Involvement of the CACNA1A gene containing region on 19p13 in migraine with and without aura. Neurology 56:1028-1032.
Catterall W.A. (1995) Structure and function of voltage-gated ion channels. Annu Rev Biochem 64:493-531.
Dunlap K., Luebke J.I., Turner T.J. (1995) Exocytotic Ca2+ channels in mammalian central neurons. Trends Neurosci 18:89-98.
Stea A., Tomlinson W.J., Soong T.W. (1994) Localization and functional properties of a rat brain alpha 1A calcium channel reflect similarities to neuronal Q- and P-type channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91:10576-10580.
Randall A., Tsien R.W. (1995) Pharmacological dissection of multiple types of Ca2+ channel currents in rat cerebellar granule neurons. J Neurosci 15:2995-3012.
Craig P.J., McAinsh A.D., McCormack A.L. (1998) Distribution of the voltage-dependent calcium channel alpha1A subunit throughout the mature rat brain and its relationship to neurotransmitter pathways. J Comp Neurol 397:251-267.
Katz E., Protti D.A., Ferro P.A., Rosato Siri M.D., Uchitel O.D. (1997) Effects of Ca2+ channel blocker neurotoxins on transmitter release and presynaptic currents at the mouse neuromuscular junction. Br J Pharmacol 121:1531-1540.
Westenbroek R.E., Hoskins L., Catterall W.A. (1998) Localization of Ca2+ channel subtypes on rat spinal motor neurons, interneurons, and nerve terminals. J Neurosci 18:6319-6330.
Montagna P. (2000) Molecular genetics of migraine headaches: A review. Cephalalgia 20:3-14.
Denier C., Ducros A., Durr A., Eymard B., Chassande B., Tournier-Lasserve E. (2001) Missense CACNA1A mutation causing episodic ataxia type 2. Arch Neurol 58:292-295.
Jen J., Wan J., Graves M. (2001) Loss-of-function EA2 mutations are associated with impaired neuromuscular transmission. Neurology 57:1843-1848.
Guida S., Trettel F., Pagnutti S. (2001) Complete loss of P/Q calcium channel activity caused by a CACNA1A missense mutation carried by patients with episodic ataxia type 2. Am J Hum Genet 68:759-764.
Maselli R.A., Jen J., Graves M.C., Baloh R.W., Wollmann R.L. (2001) Patients with CACNA1A mutations and associated myasthenic weakness have presynaptic failure of neuromuscular transmission. Neurology 56:A60.
Hans M., Luvisetto S., Williams M.E. (1999) Functional consequences of mutations in the human alpha1A calcium channel subunit linked to familial hemiplegic migraine. J Neurosci 19:1610-1619.
Kraus R.L., Sinnegger M.J., Koschak A. (2000) Three new familial hemiplegic migraine mutants affect P/Q-type Ca2+ channel kinetics. J Biol Chem 275:9239-9243.
Asakura K., Kanemasa T., Minagawa K. (2000) Alpha-eudesmol, a P/Q-type Ca2+ channel blocker, inhibits neurogenic vasodilation and extravasation following electrical stimulation of trigeminal ganglion. Brain Res 873:94-101.
Hovatta I., Kallela M., Farkkila M., Peltonen L. (1994) Familial migraine: Exclusion of the susceptibility gene from the reported locus of familial hemiplegic migraine on 19p. Genomics 23:707-709.
Sandor P.S., Mascia A., Seidel L., De Pasqua V., Schoenen J. (2001) Subclinical cerebellar impairment in the common types of migraine: A three-dimensional analysis of reaching movements. Ann Neurol 49:668-672.
Baloh R.W. (1997) Neurotology of migraine. Headache 37:615-621.
Ulrich V., Gervil M., Kyvik K.O., Olesen J., Russell M.B. (1999) Evidence of a genetic factor in migraine with aura: A population-based Danish twin study. Ann Neurol 45:242-246.
Ambrosini A., De Noordhout A.M., Alagona G., Dalpozzo F., Schoenen J. (1999) Impairment of neuromuscular transmission in a subgroup of migraine patients. Neurosci Lett 276:201-203.
Ambrosini A., Maertens de Noordhout A., Schoenen J. (2001) Neuromuscular transmission in migraine: A single-fiber EMG study in clinical subgroups. Neurology 56:1038-1043.
Ambrosini A., De Noordhout A.M., Schoenen J. (2001) Neuromuscular transmission in migraine patients with prolonged aura. Another suggestion of the possible involvement of P/Q Ca2+-channels in common forms of migraine?. Acta Neurol Belg 101:166-170.
Uchitel O.D., Protti D.A., Sanchez V., Cherksey B.D., Sugimori M., Llinas R. (1992) P-type voltage-dependent calcium channel mediates presynaptic calcium influx and transmitter release in mammalian synapses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89:3330-3333.
Wessler I., Dooley D.J., Lohr B. (1995) P-type Ca2+ channels trigger stimulus-evoked [3H]acetylcholine release from mammalian motor endplates. Eur J Pharmacol 278:83-86.
Plomp J.J., Vergouwe M.N., Van den Maagdenberg A.M., Ferrari M.D., Frants R.R., Molenaar P.C. (2000) Abnormal transmitter release at neuromuscular junctions of mice carrying the tottering alpha1A Ca2+ channel mutation. Brain 123:463-471.
Ambrosini A., Sandor P.S., De Pasqua V., Schoenen J. (2001) Correlation between performances in cerebellar function and neuromuscular transmission in migraineurs: Congruent evidence for P/Q Ca2+ channel involvement in common forms of migraine. Neurology 56:A393.
Ambrosini A., Santorelli F.M., Martini B. (2000) Correlation between single fibre EMG findings and CACNA1A gene polymorphisms in migraine. Cephalalgia 20:275-276.
Griggs R.C., Moxley R.T., Lafrance R.A., McQuillen J. (1978) Hereditary paroxysmal ataxia: Response to acetazolamide. Neurology 28:1259-1264.
Athwal B.S., Lennox G.G. (1996) Acetazolamide responsiveness in familial hemiplegic migraine. Ann Neurol 40:820-821.
Haan J., Sluis P., Sluis L.H., Ferrari M.D. (2000) Acetazolamide treatment for migraine aura status. Neurology 55:1588-1589.
Ambrosini A., Pierelli F., Buzzi M.G., Schoenen J. (2001) Acetazolamide improves SFEMG abnormalities in migraine patients. Cephalalgia 21:387-388.
Hay K.M., Mortimer M.J., Barker D.C., Debney L.M., Good P.A. (1994) 1044 women with migraine: The effect of environmental stimuli. Headache 34:166-168.
Sand T., Vingen J.V. (2000) Visual, long-latency auditory and brainstem auditory evoked potentials in migraine: Relation to pattern size, stimulus intensity, sound and light discomfort thresholds and preattack state. Cephalalgia 20:804-820.
Schoenen J. (1998) Cortical electrophysiology in migraine and possible pathogenetic implications. Clin Neurosci 5:10-17.
Maertens de Noordhout A., Timsit-Berthier M., Timsit M., Schoenen J. (1986) Contingent negative variation in headache. Ann Neurol 19:78-80.
Kropp P., Gerber W.D. (1993) Is increased amplitude of contingent negative variation in migraine due to cortical hyperactivity or to reduced habituation?. Cephalalgia 13:37-41.
Schoenen J., Wang W., Albert A., Delwaide P.J. (1995) Potentiation instead of habituation characterizes visual evoked potentials in migraine patients between attacks. Eur J Neurol 2:115-122.
Afra J., Cecchini A.P., De Pasqua V., Albert A., Schoenen J. (1998) Visual evoked potentials during long periods of pattern-reversal stimulation in migraine. Brain 121:233-241.
Wang W., Wang G.P., Ding X.L., Wang Y.H. (1999) Personality and response to repeated visual stimulation in migraine and tension-type headaches. Cephalalgia 19:718-724.
Wang W., Timsit-Berthier M., Schoenen J. (1996) Intensity dependence of auditory evoked potentials is pronounced in migraine: An indication of cortical potentiation and low serotonergic neurotransmission?. Neurology 46:1404-1409.
Siniatchkin M., Kropp P., Neumann M., Gerber W., Stephani U. (2000) Intensity dependence of auditory evoked cortical potentials in migraine families. Pain 85:247-254.
Sandor P.S., Dydak U., Schoenen J. (2001) Functional magnetic resonance imaging during sustained visual stimulation: Less habituation-like changes of the BOLD signal in migraine with aura. Cephalalgia 21:398.
Sandor P.S., Afra J., Proietti-Cecchini A., Albert A., Schoenen J. (1999) Familial influences on cortical evoked potentials in migraine. Neuroreport 10:1235-1238.
Kropp P., Kirbach U., Detlefsen J.O., Siniatchkin M., Gerber W.D., Stephani U. (1999) Slow cortical potentials in migraine: A comparison of adults and children. Cephalalgia 19:60-64.
Siniatchkin M., Kropp P., Gerber W.D. (2001) Contingent negative variation in subjects at risk for migraine without aura. Pain 94:159-167.
Bohotin V., Fumal A., Vandenheede M. Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on visual evoked potentials in migraine. Brain.
Sappey-Marinier D., Vighetto A., Peyron R., Broussolle E., Bonmartin A. (1999) Phosphorus and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in episodic ataxia type 2. Ann Neurol 46:256-259.
Sandor P.S., Dydak U., Schoenen J. (2001) On the search of a metabolic equivalent of electrophysiologic dyshabituation: Cortical lactate changes during prolonged visual stimulation in migraine with aura, studied by functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (f-MRI-SI). Neurology 56:A392.
Fletcher C.F., Lutz C.M., O'Sullivan T.N. (1996) Absence epilepsy in tottering mutant mice is associated with calcium channel defects. Cell 87:607-617.
Hess E.J. (1996) Migraines in mice?. Cell 87:1149-1151.
Doyle J., Ren X., Lennon G., Stubbs L. (1997) Mutations in the CACNL1A4 calcium channel gene are associated with seizures, cerebellar degeneration, and ataxia in tottering and leaner mutant mice. Mamm Genome 8:113-120.
Mori Y., Wakamori M., Oda S. (2000) Reduced voltage sensitivity of activation of P/Q-type Ca2+ channels is associated with the ataxic mouse mutation rolling Nagoya (tg(rol)). J Neurosci 20:5654-5662.
Zwingman T.A., Neumann P.E., Noebels J.L., Herrup K. (2001) Rocker is a new variant of the voltage-dependent calcium channel gene CACNA1A. J Neurosci 21:1169-1178.
Jun K., Piedras-Renteria E.S., Smith S.M. (1999) Ablation of P/Q-type Ca2+ channel currents, altered synaptic transmission, and progressive ataxia in mice lacking the alpha1A-subunit. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:15245-15250.
Kostopoulos G.K. (1992) The tottering mouse: A critical review of its usefulness in the study of the neuronal mechanisms underlying epilepsy. J Neural Transm Suppl 35:21-36.
Ayata C., Shimizu-Sasamata M., Lo E.H., Noebels J.L., Moskowitz M.A. (2000) Impaired neurotransmitter release and elevated threshold for cortical spreading depression in mice with mutations in the alpha1A subunit of P/Q type calcium channels. Neuroscience 95:639-645.
Weiller C., May A., Limmroth V. (1995) Brain stem activation in spontaneous human migraine attacks. Nat Med 1:658-660.
Bahra A., Matharu M.S., Buchel C., Frackowiak R.S., Goadsby P.J. (2001) Brainstem activation specific to migraine headache. Lancet 357:1016-1017.
Ducros A., Joutel A., Vahedi K. (1997) Mapping of a second locus for familial hemiplegic migraine to 1q21-q23 and evidence of further heterogeneity. Ann Neurol 42:885-890.
Gardner K., Barmada M.M., Ptacek L.J., Hoffman E.P. (1997) A new locus for hemiplegic migraine maps to chromosome 1q31. Neurology 49:1231-1238.
Echenne B., Ducros A., Rivier F. (1999) Recurrent episodes of coma: An unusual phenotype of familial hemiplegic migraine with linkage to chromosome 1. Neuropediatrics 30:214-217.
Griffiths L.R., Lea R.A., Curtain R.P., Quinlan S., Chappell J., MacMillan J.C. (2001) Localization of migraine susceptibility genes to chromosomes 1q, 19p and Xq. Am J Hum Genet 69:2007.
Wessman M., Kallela M., Oswell G. (2001) A genomewide scan identifies a genetic locus for migraine with aura. Am J Hum Genet 69:190.
Nyholt D.R., Curtain R.P., Griffiths L.R. (2000) Familial typical migraine: Significant linkage and localization of a gene to Xq24-28. Hum Genet 107:18-23.
Wieser T., Pascual J., Barmada M., Soso M., Oterino A., Gardner K. (2001) Genetic analysis of chromosome X in migraine families. Am J Hum Genet 69:2171.
Peroutka S.J., Wilhoit T., Jones K. (1997) Clinical susceptibility to migraine with aura is modified by dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) NcoI alleles. Neurology 49:201-206.
Del Zompo M., Cherchi A., Palmas M.A. (1998) Association between dopamine receptor genes and migraine without aura in a Sardinian sample. Neurology 51:781-786.
Paterna S., Di Pasquale P., D'Angelo A. (2000) Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene deletion polymorphism determines an increase in frequency of migraine attacks in patients suffering from migraine without aura. Eur Neurol 43:133-136.
Ogilvie A.D., Russell M.B., Dhall P. (1998) Altered allelic distributions of the serotonin transporter gene in migraine without aura and migraine with aura. Cephalalgia 18:23-26.
Lea R.A., Dohy A., Jordan K., Quinlan S., Brimage P.J., Griffiths L.R. (2000) Evidence for allelic association of the dopamine beta-hydroxylase gene (DBH) with susceptibility to typical migraine. Neurogenetics 3:35-40.
Tzourio C., El Amrani M., Poirier O., Nicaud V., Bousser M.G., Alperovitch A. (2001) Association between migraine and endothelin type A receptor (ETA - 231 A/G) gene polymorphism. Neurology 56:1273-1277.
White N.J., Hosford D.A., Humphrey P.P. (2001) Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) alleles in the insulin receptor (INSR) gene are associated with migraine. Cephalalgia 21:280.
Martelletti P., Brioli G., Lulli P., Morellini M., Giacovazzo M., Trabace S. (2000) Tumor necrosis factor B gene polymorphism contributes to susceptibility to migraine without aura. J Headache Pain 2:119-122.
Martelletti P., Lulli P., Morellini M. (1999) Chromosome 6p-encoded HLA-DR2 determination discriminates migraine without aura from migraine with aura. Hum Immunol 60:69-74.
Kowa H., Yasui K., Takeshima T., Urakami K., Sakai F., Nakashima K. (2000) The homozygous C677T mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene is a genetic risk factor for migraine. Am J Med Genet 96:762-764.
Lea R.A., Curtain R.P., Shepherd A.G., Brimage P.J., Griffiths L.R. (2001) No evidence for involvement of the human inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene in susceptibility to typical migraine. Am J Med Genet 105:110-113.
Chabriat H., Vahedi K., Iba-Zizen M.T. (1995) Clinical spectrum of CADASIL: A study of 7 families. Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy. Lancet 346:934-939.
Verin M., Rolland Y., Landgraf F. (1995) New phenotype of the cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy mapped to chromosome 19: Migraine as the prominent clinical feature. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 59:579-585.
Jung H.H., Bassetti C., Tournier-Lasserve E. (1995) Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy: A clinicopathological and genetic study of a Swiss family. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 59:138-143.
Hutchinson M., O'Riordan J., Javed M. (1995) Familial hemiplegic migraine and autosomal dominant arteriopathy with leukoencephalopathy (CADA-SIL). Ann Neurol 38:817-824.
Joutel A., Corpechot C., Ducros A. (1996) Notch3 mutations in CADASIL, a hereditary adult-onset condition causing stroke and dementia. Nature 383:707-710.
Ceroni M., Poloni T.E., Tonietti S. (2000) Migraine with aura and white matter abnormalities: Notch3 mutation. Neurology 54:1869-1871.
Ophoff R.A., DeYoung J., Service S.K. (2001) Hereditary vascular retinopathy, cerebroretinal vasculopathy, and hereditary endotheliopathy with retinopathy, nephropathy, and stroke map to a single locus on chromosome 3p21.1-p21.3. Am J Hum Genet 69:447-453.
Welch K.M., Levine S.R., D'Andrea G., Schultz L.R., Helpern J.A. (1989) Preliminary observations on brain energy metabolism in migraine studied by in vivo phosphorus 31 NMR spectroscopy. Neurology 39:538-541.
Barbiroli B., Funicello R., Ferlini A., Montagna P., Zaniol P. (1992) Muscle energy metabolism in female DMD/BMD carriers: A 31P-MR spectroscopy study. Muscle Nerve 15:344-348.
Montagna P., Cortelli P., Monari L. (1994) 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in migraine without aura. Neurology 44:666-669.
Bresolin N., Martinelli P., Barbiroli B. (1991) Muscle mitochondrial DNA deletion and 31P-NMR spectroscopy alterations in a migraine patient. J Neurol Sci 104:182-189.
Shimomura T., Kitano A., Marukawa H., Takahashi K. (1995) Mutation in platelet mitochondrial gene in patients with migraine. Cephalalgia 15:10.
Sano M., Ozawa M., Shiota S., Momose Y., Uchigata M., Goto Y. (1996) The T-C(8356) mitochondrial DNA mutation in a Japanese family. J Neurol 243:441-444.
Majamaa K., Turkka J., Karppa M., Winqvist S., Hassinen I.E. (1997) The common MELAS mutation A3243G in mitochondrial DNA among young patients with an occipital brain infarct. Neurology 49:1331-1334.
Boles R.G., Chun N., Senadheera D., Wong L.J. (1997) Cyclic vomiting syndrome and mitochondrial DNA mutations. Lancet 350:1299-1300.
Majamaa K., Finnila S., Turkka J., Hassinen I.E. (1998) Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U as a risk factor for occipital stroke in migraine. Lancet 352:455-456.
Ojaimi J., Katsabanis S., Bower S., Quigley A., Byrne E. (1998) Mitochondrial DNA in stroke and migraine with aura. Cerebrovasc Dis 8:102-106.
Klopstock T., May A., Seibel P., Papagiannuli E., Diener H.C., Reichmann H. (1996) Mitochondrial DNA in migraine with aura. Neurology 46:1735-1738.
Russell M.B., Diamant M., Norby S. (1997) Genetic heterogeneity of migraine with and without aura in Danes cannot be explained by mutation in mtDNA nucleotide pair 11084. Acta Neurol Scand 96:171-173.
Haan J., Terwindt G.M., Maassen J.A., Hart L.M., Frants R.R., Ferrari M.D. (1999) Search for mitochondrial DNA mutations in migraine subgroups. Cephalalgia 19:20-22.
Buzzi M.G., Di Gennaro G., D'Onofrio M. (2000) mtDNA A3243G MELAS mutation is not associated with multigenerational female migraine. Neurology 54:1005-1007.
Ramadan N.M., Halvorson H., Vande-Linde A., Levine S.R., Helpern J.A., Welch K.M. (1989) Low brain magnesium in migraine. Headache 29:590-593.
Schoenen J., Sianard-Gainko J., Lenaerts M. (1991) Blood magnesium levels in migraine. Cephalalgia 11:97-99.
Mazzotta G., Sarchielli P., Alberti A., Gallai V. (1999) Intracellular Mg++ concentration and electromyo-graphical ischemic test in juvenile headache. Cephalalgia 19:802-809.
