[en] Asteroids and other Small Solar System Bodies (SSSBs) are of high general and scien- tific interest in many aspects. The origin, formation, and evolution of our Solar System (and other planetary systems) can be better understood by analysing the constitution and physical properties of small bodies in the Solar System. Currently, two space missions (Hayabusa2, OSIRIS-REx) have recently arrived at their respective targets and will bring a sample of the asteroids back to Earth. Other small body missions have also been selected by, or proposed to, space agencies. The threat posed to our planet by near-Earth objects (NEOs) is also considered at the international level, and this has prompted dedicated research on possible mitigation techniques. The DART mission, for example, will test the kinetic impact technique. Even ideas for industrial exploitation have risen during the last years. Lastly, the origin of water and life on Earth appears to be connected to asteroids. Hence, future space mission projects will undoubtedly target some asteroids or other SSSBs. In all these cases and research topics, specific knowledge of the structure and mechanical behaviour of the surface as well as the bulk of those celestial bodies is crucial. In contrast to large telluric plan- ets and dwarf planets, a large proportion of such small bodies is believed to consist of gravitational aggregates (‘rubble piles’) with no—or low—internal cohesion, with varying macro-porosity and surface properties (from smooth regolith covered terrain, to very rough collection of boulders), and varying topography (craters, depressions, ridges). Bodies with such structure can sustain some plastic deformation without being disrupted in contrast to the classical visco-elastic models that are generally valid for planets, dwarf planets, and large satellites. These SSSBs are hence better described through granular mechanics theories, which have been a subject of intense theoretical, experimental, and numerical research over the last four decades. This being the case, it has been necessary to use the theoretical, numerical and experimental tools developed within soil mechanics, granular dynamics, celestial mechanics, chemistry, condensed matter physics, planetary and computer sciences, to name the main ones, in order to understand the data collected and analysed by observational astronomy (visible, ther- mal, and radio), and different space missions. In this paper, we present a review of the multi-disciplinary research carried out by these different scientific communities in an effort to study SSSBs.
Research center :
International Space Science Institute (ISSI) Bern, Switzerland
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Hestroffer, Daniel; IMCCE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Lille, 75014 Paris, France
Sanchez, Paul; CCAR, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
Staron, Lydie; Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, Sorbonne Univeristé, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
Campo Bagatin, Adriano; Universidad de Alicante > Departamento de Fisica > Ingenieria de sistemas y Teoria de la Senal
Eggl, Siegfried; University of Washington - UW > Department of Astronomy > LSST/DiRAC
Losert, Wolfgang; University of Maryland at Baltimore - UMB > Department of Physics > Institut for Physical Science and Technology
Murdoch, Naomi; Université de Toulouse > Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace > DEOS/SSPA
Opsomer, Eric ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de physique > Physique statistique
Radjai, Farang; Université de Montpellier, CNRS > LMGC
Richardson, Derek; University of Maryland > Department of Astronomy
Salazar, Marcos; Université de Bourgogne, CNRS > LICB
Scheeres, Daniel; University of Colorado at Boulder - CU > Aerospace Engineering Sciences
Schwartz, Stephen; Université de Nice, CNRS > Laboratoire Lagrange
Taberlet, Nicolas; Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS > Laboratoire de Physique
Yano, Hajime; JAXA, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science
Asteroids and Self-Gravitating Bodies as Granular Systems
Funders :
ISSI - International Space Science Institute BELSPO - SPP Politique scientifique - Service Public Fédéral de Programmation Politique scientifique ASE - Agence Spatiale Européenne [FR]
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