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Histoire de l'extinction et problématique de la restauration des Salmonidés migrateurs dans la Meuse
Philippart, Jean-Claude
1987In Thibault, M.; Billard, R. (Eds.) La Restauration des rivières à Saumons. Actes du Colloque franco-québécois sur la Restauration des Rivières à Saumons
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Keywords :
River Meuse basin, anadromous Salmonids; Atlantic salmon, Sea trout; species extinction, reintroduction program
Abstract :
[en] Until the mid-19th century, Atlantic salmon and sea trout (anadromous salmonids) were abundant in the entire Meuse River basin and supported a flourishing fishing industry , mainly in The Netherlands (estuary) but also in Belgium (spawning grounds) and the French Ardennes. Within a 90-year period (1850-1940), these salmonid populations became extinct due to the combined pressure of various human actions and stress such as the construction of navigation locks and weirs, industrial pollution of water, physical damage to the spawning grounds, commercial overfishing, insufficient fishing regulations and monitoring. From the 1880,s on, the governmental authorities took various conservation measures (stocking with molts reared in fish culture stations, salmon ladders, improved fishery regulations, international committee and conferences) which probably slowed down extinction but did not stop it. The problem of anadromous salmonids in the Meuse has become a subject of great interest because a sea trout population has recovered in The Netherlands in the 1970's and in sections of the Meuse River in Belgium in 1983. This recovery was involuntary initiated by stocking salmonid streams with migratory strains of trout; recovery was enhanced by significant improvement in the water quality of the Meuse. This positive ecological context provides an incentive to start a salmon restoration program in the Meuse as has been done in the Rhine River since 1982. This paper briefly reports on the main technical and administrative (the Meuse is an international river) difficulties that such a program will encounter; it also draws attention to the necessity of making a detailed scientific investigation of all the aspects of the problem in view of determining an optimal methodology for restoration and of assessing the real chances of success.
Disciplines :
Aquatic sciences & oceanology
Author, co-author :
Philippart, Jean-Claude ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Biologie, Ecologie et Evolution > Biologie du comportement - Ethologie et psychologie animale
Language :
French
Title :
Histoire de l'extinction et problématique de la restauration des Salmonidés migrateurs dans la Meuse
Alternative titles :
[en] Extinction of anadromous Salmonids in the Meuse River and prospects of their restoration
Publication date :
1987
Event name :
Colloque franco-québécois sur la Restauration des Rivières à Saumons
Event organizer :
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA
Event place :
Bergerac, France
Event date :
28 mai au 1 juin 1985
Audience :
International
Main work title :
La Restauration des rivières à Saumons. Actes du Colloque franco-québécois sur la Restauration des Rivières à Saumons
Author, co-author :
Thibault, M.
Billard, R.
Publisher :
INRA, Paris, France
Edition :
M. Thibault et R. Billard R., Editeurs de l'ouvrage de 444 pages publié en 1987
Collection name :
Collection Hydrobiologie et Aquaculture
Pages :
125-137
Peer reviewed :
Peer reviewed
Commentary :
une version imprimée du document est disponible en envoyant une demande par courriel à :jcphilippart@uliege.be
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since 12 November 2019

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