Prévention de blessures et triathlon

Delvaux, François; Croisier, Jean-Louis; SANFILIPPO, Damien; Gofflot, Amandine; Tooth, Camille; Kaux, Jean-François; Forthomme, Bénédicte

doi:10.1016/j.jts.2019.07.007

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Prévention de blessures et triathlon

Delvaux, François; Croisier, Jean-Louis; SANFILIPPO, Damien et al.

2019 • In Journal de Traumatologie du Sport, 36 (3), p. 147-152

Peer reviewed

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/240387

DOI
10.1016/j.jts.2019.07.007

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Keywords :

Prévention lésionnelle; Triathlon; Surcharge; Facteurs de risque; Injury prevention; Overuse; Risk factors

Abstract :

[fr] Bien que la littérature scientifique relative à la prévention de blessures dans le triathlon soit globalement pauvre, des lignes de conduite directement applicables sur le terrain peuvent être proposées. Les principales blessures du triathlète étant des lésions de surcharge des membres inférieurs (tendinopathies, fractures de fatigue, périostites), leurs facteurs de risque principaux sont un premier épisode lésionnel et une charge de travail inadaptée. Concrètement, les mesures préventives peuvent être regroupées selon différents axes : réaliser un bilan médical de pré-saison pour recenser tout élément susceptible de prédisposer à la survenue d'une blessure ultérieure ; monitorer et gérer la charge de travail ; prévoir une préparation physique incluant notamment un travail de core stability et de renforcement musculaire afin de préparer les organismes aux contraintes ; insister sur une qualité de gestuelles techniques dans chacune des trois disciplines ; ne pas négliger d'éventuels autres facteurs de risque modifiables comme l'hygiène de vie ou la pratique d'échauffement de qualité. Cependant, il apparaît nécessaire de disposer de plus d'études sur le sujet pour pouvoir répondre encore plus efficacement aux besoins fondamentaux de la prévention lésionnelle dans le triathlon.
[en] Despite a poor literature in the area of triathlon injury prevention, guidelines can be proposed for triathletes and their coaches. In triathlon, overuse injuries of lower limbs (tendinopathies, stress fractures, tibial stress syndromes) represent a large majority of all injuries. The most important risk factors are a previous history of injury and an inadequate workload. Actually, preventive measures should include: a pre-competition clinical assessment in order to identify every predisposing factor to a potential future injury; a monitoring and subsequent management of workload; physical preparation sessions with core stability and strength training; a high quality of technical movements in each of the three disciplines; a management of other potential risk factors such as inadequate life style or warm-up. Further studies are required in order to improve the quality of triathlon injury prevention.

Disciplines :

Orthopedics, rehabilitation & sports medicine

Author, co-author :

Delvaux, François ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la motricité > Médecine physique, réadaptation et traumatologie du sport

Croisier, Jean-Louis ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la motricité > Kinésithérapie générale et réadaptation

SANFILIPPO, Damien ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Autres Services Médicaux > Service de médecine de l'appareil locomoteur

Gofflot, Amandine ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la motricité > Kinésithérapie générale et réadaptation

Tooth, Camille ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la motricité > Kinésithérapie générale et réadaptation

Kaux, Jean-François ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la motricité > Médecine physique, réadaptation et traumatologie du sport

Forthomme, Bénédicte ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la motricité > Rééducation du membre supérieur

Language :

French

Title :

Prévention de blessures et triathlon

Alternative titles :

[en] Injury prevention and triathlon

Publication date :

September 2019

Journal title :

Journal de Traumatologie du Sport

ISSN :

0762-915X

eISSN :

1773-0465

Publisher :

Elsevier Masson, Paris, France

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

147-152

Peer reviewed :

Peer reviewed

Available on ORBi :

since 18 October 2019

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