[en] Calculation and number-processing abilities were studied in 49 patients with chronic single vascular brain lesions by means of a standardized multitask assessment battery (EC301), as well as through other tasks, testing functions thought to be implicated in calculation such as language, visuo-perceptive abilities, verbal and spatial working memory, planning, and attention. The results show that (1) lesions involving parietal areas - particularly left parietal lesions - are prone to alter calculation processing. A more detailed analysis showed that patients with lesions involving left parietal areas were impaired in both digital (i.e., comprehension and production of numbers written in Arabic code) and oral (i.e., comprehension and production of numbers heard or expressed orally) processing while lesions involving right parietal areas lead to an impairment in digital processing only. However, linguistically related alphanumerical processing (i.e., comprehension and production of numbers written orthographically) was not influenced by parietal lesions. (2) Semantic representations (knowledge of the magnitude related to a given number) as well as rote arithmetical knowledge are also impaired following damage to parietal and particularly left parietal lesions, suggesting that these areas are also implicated in magnitude comparisons and in the retrieval of arithmetical facts. (3) Performance in calculation is highly correlated with language. (4) Moreover, we found a highly significant correlation between performances in oral calculation and verbal working memory, and between written-digit calculation and visuospatial working memory. Performances in regard to visuo-perceptive abilities, planning, and attention were less consistently correlated with calculation. These results stress the close correlation, but relative independence between calculation and language, as well as a dissociated sensitivity of oral and digital processing to brain lesions.
Disciplines :
Neurosciences & behavior
Author, co-author :
Mayer, Eugène; Université de Genève - UNIGE
Reicherts, Michaël; University of Fribourg
Deloche, Gérard; University of Reims
Willadino-Braga, Lucia; Sarah's Rehabilitation Foundation
Taussig, Irène; University of Buenos-Aires
Dordain, M.
Van der Linden, Martial ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cognitives > Psychopathologie cognitive
Annoni, Jean-Marie; Université de Genève - UNIGE
Language :
English
Title :
Number processing after stroke : anatomical correlation in oral and written codes
Publication date :
2003
Journal title :
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
ISSN :
1355-6177
eISSN :
1469-7661
Publisher :
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Albert, M. (1973). A simple test of visual neglect. Neurology, 23, 658-664.
Anderson, S.W., Damasio, A.R., & Damasio, H. (1990). Troubled letter but not number. Domain specific cognitive impairments following focal damage in frontal cortex. Brain, 113, 749-766.
Ardila, A. & Rosselli, M. (1994). Spatial acalculia. International Journal of Neuroscience, 78, 177-184.
Baddeley, A. (1986). Working memory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Basso, A., Burgio, F., & Caporali, A. (2000). Acalculia, aphasia and spatial disorders in left and right brain damaged patients. Cortex, 36, 265-280.
Benton, A.L. (1977). Reflections on the Gerstmann Syndrome. Brain and Language, 4, 45-62.
Boller, F. & Grafman, J. (1985). Acalculias. In J.A.M. Frederiks (Ed.), Handbook of clinical neurology, Vol. 45 (pp. 473-482). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier.
Brickenkamp, R. (1981). Test d2: Aufmerksamkeits-Belastungs-Test (Attention task), Handanweisung (7th ed.). Göttingen: Verlag für Psychologie.
Bryden, M. (1977). Measuring handedness with a questionnaire. Neuropsychologia, 15, 617-624.
Burbaud, P., Degreze, P., Lafon, P., Franconi, J.M., Bouligand, B., Bioulac, B., Caille, J.M., & Allard, M. (1995). Lateralization of prefrontal activation during internal mental calculation: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Journal of Neurophysiology, 5, 2194-2200.
Carter, R., Hohenegger, M., & Satz, P. (1980). Handedness and aphasia: An inferential method for determining the mode of cerebral speech specialization. Neuropsychologia, 18, 569-574.
Cipolotti, L. & van Harskamp, N. (2001). Disturbances of number processing and calculation. In R.S. Berndt (Ed.), Handbook of neuropsychology, Vol. 3 (pp. 305-331). (2nd ed.). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier.
Clark, J. & Campbell, J. (1991). Integrated versus modular theories of numbers skills and acalculia. Brain and Cognition, 17, 204-239.
Cohen, L., Dehaene, S., Chochon, F., Lehéricy, S., & Naccache, L. (2000). Language and calculation within the parietal lobe: A combined cognitive, anatomical and fMRI study. Neuropsychologia, 38, 1426-1440.
Dahmen, W., Hartje, W., Büssing, A., & Sturm, W. (1982). Disorders of spatial calculation in aphasic patients. Spatial and verbal components. Neuropsychologia, 20, 145-153.
Damasio, A.R. & Damasio, H. (1983). The anatomic basis of pure dyslexia. Neurology, 33, 1573-1583.
Dehaene, H. & Cohen, L. (1991). Two mental calculation systems: A case study of severe acalculia with preserved approximation. Neuropsychologia, 29, 1045-1074.
Dehaene, S. (1992). Varieties of numerical abilities. Cognition, 44, 1-42.
Dehaene, S. & Cohen, L. (1997). Cerebral pathways for calculation: Double dissociation between rote verbal and quantitative knowledge of arithmetic. Cortex, 33, 219-250.
Dehaene, S., Tzourio, N., Frak, V., Raynaud, L., Cohen, L., Mehler, J., & Mazoyer, B. (1996). Cerebral activation during number multiplication and comparisons: A PET study. Neuropsychologia, 34, 1097-1106.
Dehaene, S., Spelke, E., Pinel, E., Stanesku, R., & Tsivkin, S. (1999). Sources of mathematical thinking: Behavioral and brain imaging evidence. Science, 284, 970-974.
Delazer, M., Girelli, L., Semenza, C., & Denes, G. (1999). Numerical skills and aphasia. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 5, 213-221.
Dellatolas, G., Deloche, G., Basso, A., & Claros-Salinas, D. (2001). Assessment of calculation and number processing using the EC301 battery: Cross-cultural normative data and application to left- and right-brain damaged patients. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 7, 840-859.
Deloche, G. (1995). EC301R-F. Batterie standardisée d'évaluation du Calcul et du traitement des nombres (Standardized Battery for the evaluation of calculation and number processing). Salvador, Brasil: Grafica Sarah Press.
Deloche, G. & Seron, X. (1982). From three to 3: A differential analysis of skills in transcoding quantities between patients with Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia. Brain, 105, 719-733.
Deloche, G., Seron, X., Larroque, C., Magnien, C., Metz-Lutz, M.N., Noel, M.N., Riva, I., Schils, J.P., Dordain, M., Ferrand, I., Baeta, E., Basso, A., Cipolotti, L., Claros-Salinas, D., Howard, D., Gaillard, F., Goldenberg, G., Mazzucchi, A., Stachowiak, F., Tzavaras, A., Vendrell, J., Bergego, C., & Pradat-Diehl, P. (1994). Calculation and number processing: Assessment battery; role of demographic factors. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 16, 195-208.
Deloche, G., Hannequin, D., Carlomagno, S., Agniel, A., Dordain, M., Pasquier, F., Pellat, J., Denis, P., Desi, M., Beauchamp, D., Metz-Lutz, M.-N., Cesaro, P., & Seron, X. (1995). Calculation and number processing in mild Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 17, 634-639.
Furst, A.J. & Hitch, G.J. (2000). Separate roles for executive and phonological components of working memory in mental arithmetic. Memory and Cognition, 28, 774-782.
Grafman, J., Passafiume, D., Faglioni, P., & Boller, F. (1982). Calculation disturbances in adults with focal hemispheric damage. Cortex, 18, 37-50.
Hécaen, H., Anguelergues, R., & Houillier, S. (1961). Les variétés cliniques des acalculies au cours des lésions rétrorolandiques. Approches statistiques du problème (Clinical varieties of acalculias during post-Rolandic lesions: A statistical approach to the problem). Revue Neurologique, 105, 85-103.
Henschen, S. (1920). Klinische und Anatomische Beitrage zur Pathologie des Gehirns (Clinical and anatomical approach of brain pathology). Stockholm, Sweden: Nordiska Bukhandeln.
Holender, D. & Peereman, R. (1987). Differential processing of phonographic and logographic single digit by the two hemispheres. In X. Seron (Ed.), Mathematical disabilities: A cognitive neuropsychological perspective (pp. 43-85). Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associated.
Jackson, M. & Warrington, E. (1986). Arithmetic skills in patient with unilateral cerebral lesions. Cortex, 22, 611-620.
Kertesz, A. (1977). Recovery pattern and prognosis in aphasia. Brain, 100, 1-18.
Kleist, K. (1934). Gehirnpathologie (Brain pathology). Leipzig: Barth.
Lee, K.M. (2000). Cortical areas differentially involved in multiplication and subtraction: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study and correlation with a case of selective acalculia. Annals of Neurology, 48, 657-661.
Lee, K.M. & Kang, S.Y. (2002). Arithmetic operation and working memory: Differential suppression in dual tasks. Cognition, 83, 63-68.
Logie, R.H., Gilhooly, K.J., & Wynn, V. (1994). Counting on working memory in arithmetic problem solving. Memory and Cognition, 22, 395-410.
MacCloskey, M. & Caramazza, A. (1987). Cognitive mechanism in normal and impaired number processing. In G. Deloche & X. Seron (Eds.), Mathematical disabilities: A cognitive neuropsychological perspective (pp. 201-220). Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associated.
Mayer, E., Martory, M.D., Pegna, A., Landis, T., & Annoni, J.M. (1999). A pure case of Gerstmann's syndrome with subcortical lesion. Brain, 122, 1107-1120.
Mesulam, M. (1981). A cortical network for directed attention and unilateral neglect. Annals of Neurology, 10, 309-325.
Metz-Lutz, M.N., Kremin, H., Deloche, G., Hannequin, D., Ferrand, I., Perrier, D., Quint, S., Dordain, M., Bunel, G., Cardebat, D., Larroque, C., Lota, A.M., Pichard, B., & Blavier, A. (1991). Standardisation d'un test de dénomination orale: Contrôle des effets de l'âge, du sexe et du niveau de scolarité chez des sujets adultes normaux (Standardization of an oral naming test controlling the effects of age, gender and education level in normal adult subjects). Revue de Neuropsychologie, 1, 73-95.
Milner, B. (1971). Interhemispheric differences in the localization of psychological process in man. British Medical Bulletin, 21, 272-277.
Nespoulous, J.L., Lecours, A.R., Lafond, D., Lemay, A., Puel, M., Joanette, Y., Cot, F., & Rascol, A. (1992). Protocole Montréal-Toulouse d'examen linguistique de l'aphasie, MT 86, Module standard initial: M1β (The Montreal-Toulouse aphasia language exam MT86, Standard initial module:M1B). Montréal, Canada: Ortho Editions.
Noel, M.P. & Seron, X. (1993). Arabic number reading deficit: A single case study or when 236 is read (2306) and judged superior to 1258. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 10, 317-339.
Noel, M.P., Désert, M., Aubrun, A., & Seron, W. (2001). Involvement of short-term memory in complex mental calculation. Memory and Cognition, 29, 34-42.
Paulesu, E., Frith, C., & Frackoviak, R. (1993). The neural correlates of working memory. Nature, 362, 342-345.
Pesenti, M., Thioux, M., Seron, X., & De Volder, A. (2000). Neuroanatomical substrates of Arabic number processing, numerical comparison, and simple addition: A PET study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12, 461-479.
Pinel, P., Le Clec'H, G., Van de Moortele, P.F., Naccache, L., Le Bihan, D., & Dehaene, S. (1999). Event-related fMRI analysis of the cerebral circuit for number comparison. Neuroreport, 10, 1473-1479.
Ratinckx, E., Brysbaert, M., & Reynvoet, B. (2001). Bilateral field interactions and hemispheric asymmetry in number comparison. Neuropsychologia, 39, 335-345.
Rickard, T.C., Romero, S.G., Basso, G., Wharton, C., Flitman, S., & Grafman, J. (2000). The calculating brain: An fMRI study. Neuropsychologia, 38, 325-335.
Roeltgen, D.P., Sevush, S., & Heilman, K.M. (1983). Pure Gerstmann's Syndrome from a focal lesion. Archives of Neurology, 40, 46-47.
Rosselli, M. & Ardila, A. (1989). Calculation deficits in patients with right and left hemisphere damage. Neuropsychologia, 27, 607-617.
Shallice, T. (1982). Specific impairments of planning. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, 298, 199-209.
Seron, X. (1993). Les lexiques numériques: Approches psycholinguistique et neuropsychologique (Lexical numerics: Psycholinguistic and neuropsychological approaches). Revue de Neuropsychologie, 3, 221-247.
Sokol, S., MacCloskey, M., Cohen, N., & Aliminosa, D. (1991). Cognitive representations and processes in arithmetic: inferences from the performances of brain-damaged subjects. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 17, 355-376.
Stone, M., Gabrieli, J., Stebbins, G., & Sullivan, E. (1998). Working and strategic memory deficits in schizophrenia. Neuropsychology, 12, 278-288.
Ters, F., Mayer, G., & Reichenbach, D. (1977). L'échelle Dubois-Buyse d'Orthographe Usuelle Française (The Dubois-Buyse French usage spelling). Paris, France: Edition O.C.D.L.
Van Harskamp, N.J., Rudge, P., & Cipolotti, L. (2002). Are multiplication facts implemented by the left supramarginal and angular gyri? Neuropsychologia, 40, 1786-1793.
Vilkki, J. (1988). Problem solving deficits after focal cerebral lesions. Cortex, 24, 119-127.
Wechsler, D. (1987). Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised. New York: Psychological Corporation.
Whalen, J., MacCloskey, M., & Gordon, G. (1997). Localizing arithmetic processes in the brain: Evidence from a transient deficit during cortical stimulation. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 9, 409-417.
