Phenotypic parameters affecting reproduction and production performances of dairy cattle in peri-urban of Bamako, Mali

Aim: The present study was conducted to evaluate the reproduction and production performances of crossbred and local
dairy cattle in peri-urban of Bamako, the capital of Mali.
Materials and Methods: A total of 17 randomly selected households with 450 dairy cattle from four peri-urban of Bamako
were individually interviewed, given register format and divided into four focus group discussions. The participants were
dairy farmers and they were asked to know the phenotype that seems to them the more interesting for the reproduction and
production performances of their dairy cattle.
Results: The calving interval (CI) obtained exceeded 433 days in all phenotypic types with average milk yields of
5.13±1.84 kg/day, 4.76±2.41, and 3.05±1.32 kg/day, respectively, for the Holstein crossbred, Montbeliard crossbred, and
the local breeds (Zebu Peul and/or Zebu Maure). Crossbred was more productive than local breeds with significant (p<0.05)
differences for lactation length, CI and total production and not significant on parity. The results also showed the advantages
of the crossbred cows in terms of CI (460±80 days) compared to local zebus breeds (433±115 days) to keep the time of
milking as long as possible. However, the Zebu Azawak breed whose cradle is located in Northern Mali, managed under
extensive peri-urban rearing conditions, has less favorable production parameters than those of other local cattle breeds in
milk production (636±43.3 kg vs. 681±41.1 kg).
Conclusion: The present study revealed that crossbred dairy cattle performed better in terms of CI, lactation length, and
production compared to the local breeds. The study also showed that the local Azawak breed numerically performed less
compared to the other local breeds evaluated in this study, namely, Peul and Maure.