Oral vaccination with replication-competent adenovirus in mice reveals the dissemination of the viral vaccine beyond the gastrointestinal tract.

Goffin, Emeline; Javaux, Justine; Destexhe, Eric; Pretto, Carla D.; Spindler, Katherine R.; Machiels, Bénédicte; Gillet, Laurent

doi:10.1128/JVI.00237-19

Article (Scientific journals)

Oral vaccination with replication-competent adenovirus in mice reveals the dissemination of the viral vaccine beyond the gastrointestinal tract.

Goffin, Emeline; Javaux, Justine; Destexhe, Eric et al.

2019 • In Journal of Virology

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/236397

DOI
10.1128/JVI.00237-19

PubMed
30996103

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Abstract :

[en] Since the 1970s, replication-competent human adenoviruses 4 and 7 have been used as oral vaccines to protect US soldiers against the severe respiratory diseases caused by these viruses. These vaccines are thought to establish a digestive tract infection conferring protection against respiratory challenge through antibodies. The success of these vaccines makes replication-competent adenoviruses attractive candidates for use as oral vaccine vectors. However, the inability of human adenoviruses to replicate efficiently in laboratory animals has hampered the study of such vectors. Here, we used mouse adenovirus type 1 (MAV-1) in mice to study oral replication-competent adenovirus-based vaccines. We showed that MAV-1 oral administration recapitulates the protection against homologous respiratory challenge observed with adenoviruses 4 and 7 vaccines. Moreover, live oral MAV-1 vaccine better protected against a respiratory challenge than inactivated vaccines. This protection was linked not only with the presence of MAV-1-specific antibodies but also with a better recruitment of effector CD8 T cells. However, unexpectedly, we found that such oral replication-competent vaccine systemically spread all over the body. Our results therefore support using MAV-1 to study replication-competent oral adenovirus-based vaccines but also highlight the fact that those vaccines could disseminate widely in the body.IMPORTANCE Replication-competent adenoviruses appear to be promising vectors for the development of oral vaccines in humans. However, study and development of these vaccines suffer from the lack of any reliable animal model. In this study, mouse adenovirus type 1 has been used to develop a small animal model for oral replication-competent adenovirus vaccines. While this model reproduced in mice what is observed with human adenovirus oral vaccines, it also highlighted that oral immunization with such replication-competent vaccine is associated with the systemic spread of the virus. This study is therefore of major importance for the future development of such vaccine platforms and their use in large human populations.

Disciplines :

Microbiology

Author, co-author :

Goffin, Emeline ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires (DMI) > Vaccinologie vétérinaire

Javaux, Justine

Destexhe, Eric

Pretto, Carla D.

Spindler, Katherine R.

Machiels, Bénédicte ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires (DMI) > Vaccinologie vétérinaire

Gillet, Laurent ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires (DMI) > Vaccinologie vétérinaire

Language :

English

Title :

Oral vaccination with replication-competent adenovirus in mice reveals the dissemination of the viral vaccine beyond the gastrointestinal tract.

Publication date :

2019

Journal title :

Journal of Virology

ISSN :

0022-538X

eISSN :

1098-5514

Publisher :

American Society for Microbiology, Washington, United States - District of Columbia

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Commentary :

Available on ORBi :

since 07 June 2019

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