[en] Axitinib is a selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors approved for second line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. The case report concerns an 85-year-old man with renal cell carcinoma of clear cells initially treated by left nephrectomy who presented with pulmonary progression 7 years later. Systemic treatment with pazopanib was initiated but disease progression and gastrointestinal toxicity were observed after 4 months. A second line treatment implemented with axitinib (5 mg twice daily, later reduced to 5 mg once daily due to gastrointestinal toxicity) led to favorable outcome and control of pulmonary progression. This case report demonstrates that axitinib in reduced dose can improve progression free survival (34 months at present) and surpass data published in Phase III clinical trials on patients with localized renal cell carcinoma of clear cells. It further contributes to the limited information currently available on axitinib in Latin-American populations.
