malaria; diagnosis; asymptomatic; active detection; Peru
Abstract :
[en] Background: Faced with the resurgence of malaria, malaria surveillance in the Peruvian
Amazon incorporated consecutive active case detection (ACD) interventions using light microscopy
(LM) as reactive measure in communities with an unusual high number of cases during high
transmission season (HTS). We assessed the effectiveness in malaria detection of this local
ACD-based strategy. Methods: A cohort study was conducted in June–July 2015 in Mazan, Loreto.
Four consecutive ACD interventions at intervals of 10 days were conducted in four riverine
communities (Gamitanacocha, Primero de Enero, Libertad and Urco Miraño). In each intervention,
all inhabitants were visited at home, and finger-prick blood samples collected for immediate diagnosis by LM and on filter paper for later analysis by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Effectiveness was calculated by dividing the number of malaria infections detected using LM by the number of malaria infections detected by delayed qPCR. Results: Most community inhabitants (88.1%, 822/933) were present in at least one of the four ACD interventions. A total of 451 infections were detected by qPCR in 446 participants (54.3% of total participants); five individuals had two infections. Plasmodium vivax was the predominant species (79.8%), followed by P. falciparum (15.3%) and P. vivax-P. falciparum co-infections (4.9%). Most qPCR-positive infections were asymptomatic (255/448, 56.9%). The ACD-strategy using LM had an effectiveness of 22.8% (detection of 103 of the total qPCR-positive infections). Children aged 5–14 years, and farming as main economic activity were associated with P. vivax infections. Conclusions: Although the ACD-strategy using LM increased the opportunity of detecting and treating malaria infections during HTS, the number of detected infections was considerably lower than the real burden of infections (those detected by qPCR).
Disciplines :
Laboratory medicine & medical technology Public health, health care sciences & services Immunology & infectious disease
Author, co-author :
Moreno-Gutierrez, Diamantina
Llanos-Cuentas, Alejandro
Barboza, José Luis
Contreras-Mancilla, Juan
Gamboa, Dionicia
Rodriguez, Hugo
Carrasco-Escobar, Gabriel
BOREUX, Raphaël ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Unilab > Laboratoire biologie moléculaire
Hayette, Marie-Pierre ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences biomédicales et précliniques > Bactériologie, mycologie, parasitologie, virologie
Beutels, Philippe
Speybroeck, Niko
Rosas-Aguirre, Angel
Language :
English
Title :
Effectiveness of a Malaria Surveillance Strategy based on active case detection during high transmission season in the Peruvian Amazon
Alternative titles :
[en] Efficacité de la stratégie de surveillance de la malaria fondée sur la détection active durant la haute saison de transmisison dans la région amazonienne au Pérou
Publication date :
27 November 2018
Journal title :
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
ISSN :
1660-4601
eISSN :
1661-7827
Publisher :
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), Switzerland
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