Abstract :
[en] Bluetongue (BT) is a ruminant viral infectious disease transmitted by Culicoides spp. midges.
In 2006, when bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) appeared for the first time in Northern
Europe, it rapidly spread and infected a large proportion of animals. BT has a significant
economic impact due to a direct effect on animal health and to an indirect effect in
disrupting international trade of animals and animal products. In spring 2008, a compulsory
subsidized vaccination programme in Europe resulted in a drastic decrease in the number of
reported cases. However, due to the turn-over of the population, without a continuous
vaccination programme, the animal population was becoming progressively susceptible.
Vaccination would enable Belgium to maintain its status of freedom from infection of BTV-8
that could possibly be re-introduced. Subsidizing it could be an incentive to convince more
farmers to vaccinate. To finance this programme, both decision-makers and stakeholders
need to be persuaded by the effectiveness and the cost-benefit of vaccination. The study
evaluated the effectiveness of vaccination against BTV-8 in Belgium. The change in serology
which has shown the effectiveness of the vaccine to induce antibody production has been
significantly associated with the time between the first injection and the sampling date and
the number of injections of the primo-vaccination. This study also clearly confirms the
benefit of vaccination by reducing economic impact of treatment and production losses,
especially in dairy cattle. Based on a participating epidemiological approach, a national
voluntary and subsidized vaccination was accepted, and permitted Belgium to vaccinate
more than 9000 herds in one month. Because this mass vaccination occurred before the
vector season, it probably helped Belgium remain free from BTV-8.
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