Influence of a single dose of buprenorphine on rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) gastrointestinal motility

OBJECTIVE:

To establish a noninvasive imaging protocol for rabbit gastrointestinal transit evaluation. To assess the effect of a single injection of buprenorphine on the digestive transit of rabbits via this new technique.

STUDY DESIGN:

Prospective, parallel study.

ANIMALS:

Fifteen specific pathogen-free male New Zealand White rabbits weighing 2.68 ± 0.28 kg.

METHODS:

A 10 mL kg-1 barium meal was administered and the rabbits were subjected to serial radiographic and ultrasound examinations without treatment and 1 week later following a single intramuscular dose of 100 μg kg-1 of buprenorphine. Radiographic data from the stomach and caecum were collected and assigned a retention score ranging from 0 (no barium) to 3 (large amount of barium). The resulting scores and pyloric and duodenal contraction counts were analysed using a mixed linear model and are expressed as least square mean (lsm) ± standard error. Transit was estimated based on the apparition time of faeces in the pelvic area and analysed using a Wilcoxon test. A p < 0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS:

Buprenorphine treatment induced a higher lsm number of pyloric (1.73 ± 0.19 versus 0.78 ± 0.19, p < 0.01) and lsm duodenal contractions (17.35 ± 1.04 versus 13.44 ± 1.04, p < 0.01). Buprenorphine administration decreased the lsm barium retention score in the stomach (2.44 ± 0.05 versus 2.64 ± 0.05, p < 0.01), but had no effect on the lsm barium retention score in the caecum. The time to apparition of faeces in the pelvic area was not influenced by buprenorphine administration (p = 0.66).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE:

A single high dose of buprenorphine appears to have no adverse effect on gastrointestinal motility in healthy rabbits.