[en] The Miombo woodland is a type of vegetation widely distributed in Zambezian Africa where it provides timber and non-timber forest products to millions of inhabitants. In Lubumbashi, the causes of its degradation, supported by rapid population growth, are mainly: (i) agricultural development, (ii) charcoal production, (Hi) urban expansion, and (iv) mining activities. We present a meta-analysis of the studies that have defined the deforestation radius around Lubumbashi. This radius, used both to express the area (circular area), intensity and the magnitude (distance to the city) of deforestation, was determined through in situ charcoal production and remote sensing. Although the city's ecological footprint is illustrated, estimates of the resulting deforested area do not appear to be consistent because of the variability of methodological protocols within and between approaches. While studies focusing on charcoal production suggest complete Miombo woodland suppression around the city, those based on remote sensing mention the persistence of Miombo patches relatively close to the city and sometimes confuse the different levels of miombo degradation. These observations prevent the development of an appropriate policy for the conservation and sustainable use of the concerned ecosystem.
Disciplines :
Environmental sciences & ecology
Author, co-author :
Sikuzani, Y. U.; Université de Lubumbashi, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Unité d'Ecoiogie, Restauration Ecoiogique et Paysage, Lubumbashi, Congo, Université de Lubumbashi, Centre de Compétences en Planification et Gestion Urbaine, Lubumbashi, Congo
Malaisse, François ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Ingénierie des biosystèmes (Biose) > Biodiversité et Paysage
Kaleba, S. C.; Université de Lubumbashi, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Unité d'Ecoiogie, Restauration Ecoiogique et Paysage, Lubumbashi, Congo
Kankumbi, F. M.; Université de Lubumbashi, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Unité d'Ecoiogie, Restauration Ecoiogique et Paysage, Lubumbashi, Congo, Université de Lubumbashi, Centre de Compétences en Planification et Gestion Urbaine, Lubumbashi, Congo
Bogaert, Jan ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Ingénierie des biosystèmes (Biose) > Biodiversité et Paysage
Language :
French
Title :
Le rayon de déforestation autour de la ville de Lubumbashi (Haut-Katanga, R.D. Congo): Synthèse
Alternative titles :
[en] The deforestation radius around Lubumbashi City (Upper Katanga, DR Congo): Synthesis
Andre M., Vranken I., Boisson S., Mahy G., Rudisser J., Visser M., Lejeune P. & Bogaert J., sous presse, Quantification of anthropogenic effects in the landscape of Lubumbashi. In: J. Bogaert, G. Colinet & G. Mahy (eds). Anthropisation des paysages Katangais. Gembloux: Presses Universitaires de Gembloux. http://hdl.handle.net/2268/186226
Assani A.A., 1999, Variability temporelle et persistants des episodes sees en salson des plules a Lubumbashi (Congo-Kinshasa), Secheresse, 10, 1, 45-53
Bamba I., Visser M. & Bogaert J., 2011, An alternative view of deforestation In central Africa based on a Boseruplan framework, Tropicultura, 29, 4, 250-254
Bamba I., Yedmel M.S. & Bogaert J., 2010, Effets des routes et des villes sur la foret dense dans la province orientale de la Republique Democratique du Congo, Eur. J. Sci. Res., 43, 3, 417-429
Barima Y.S.S., Kabulu D.J-R, Alongo S., Ndayishimiye J., Bomolo O., Kumba S., Lyongo L, Bamba I., Mama A., Toyi M., Kasongo E., Masharabu T., Visser M. & Bogaert J., 2011, Deforestation in central and West Africa: landscape dynamics, anthropogenic effects and ecological consequences. In: Daniels JA (ed). Advances in environmental research, volume 7. Nova Science Publishers, Hauppauge, pp 95-120
Bogaert J., Bamba I., Kabulu J.P., KoffiK. J., De Canniere C, Visser M. & Sibomana S., 2008, Fragmentation of Forest Landscapes in central Africa: causes, consequences and management. In Lafortezza R., Chen R., Sanesi G. & Crow Th. R. (eds). Patterns and Processes in Forest Landscapes: Multiple Use and Sustainable Management. Verlag, New York: Springer, pp 67-87
Binzangi K., Tshibangu K., Degreef J. & Malaisse R, 1994, Le deboisement en Afrique Tropicale. Defis-Sud, 14, 36-37
Bruneau J.C. & Pain M., 1990, Atlas de Lubumbashi. Centre d'Etude Geographique sur l'Afrique Noire, Universite Paris X, Nanterre, Prance
Campbell B.M., Angelsen A., Cunningham A., Katerere Y, Sitoe A. & Wunder S., 2007, Miombo woodlands-opportunities and barriers to sustainable forest management. CIPOR, Bogor, Indonesia
Castiaux N., Massart M. & Wilmet J., 1991, Environmental study of tropical african urban areas by multitemporal satellite imageries (Lubumbashi, Zaire, Central Africa). Proceed, of XXIVth Int. Symp. on Remote Sensing of Environment, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 10 p
Chidumayo E.N. & Gumbo D.J., 2013, The environmental impacts of charcoal production in tropical ecosystems of the world: a synthesis, Energy for Sust. Dev., 17, 2, 86-94
Colson R, Bogaert J., Carneiro Filho A., Nelson B., Pinage E.R. & Ceulemans R., 2009, The influence of forest definition on landscape fragmentation assessment in Rondonia, Brazil, Ecol. indicators, 9, 6, 1163-1168
Dewees P.A., Campbell B.M., Katerere Y, Sitoe A., Cunningham A.B., Angelsen A. & Wunder S., 2010, Managing the Miombo woodlands of southern Africa: policies, incentives and options for the rural poor. J. Nat. Res. Policy Res., 2, 1, 57-73
Dibwe d-M.D., 2009, Lubumbashi, ville industrielle attractive et repulsive (1910-2008). II Congreso Internacional de Desarrollo Humano, La Cuidad Sostenable: Los restos de la Pobreza Urbana, Madrid
Dikumbwa N., 1990, Ecoclimatic factors and biogeochemical cycles in dense dry evergreen forest in Muhulu, southern Shaba, Geo-Eco-Trop, 14, 1-4, 159-171
Frauman E., 2004, L'agriculture periurbaine. In P. Petit (Ed). Byakula, Approche socio-anthropologique de l'alimentation a Lubumbashi, Academie Royale des Sciences d'Outre-Mer, pp 55-63
GROUPE HUIT, 2009, Elaboration du plan urbain de reference de Lubumbashi. Rapport final Groupe Huit, BEAU, Ministere des ITR, RD Congo
Hick A., Maud H., Tshibungu N.A. & Mahy G., sous presse, La place de l'arbre dans les systemes agricoles par les populations locales. In: J. Bogaert, G. Colinet & G. Mahy (eds). Anthropisation au Katanga. Gembloux: Presses Universitaires de Gembloux. http://hdl.handle.net/2268/197327
Kabulu D.J., Bamba I., Munyemba K.R, Defourny P., Vancutsem C, Nyembwe N.S., Ngongo L.M., Bogaert J., 2008, Analyse de la structure spatiale des forSts au Katanga. Ann. Pac. Sc. Agr. UNILU, 1, 2, 12-18
Kikombo I.N., 2006, Assessing the impact of tumoils and wars on the environment in the city of Lubumbashi using remote sensing data, The Great Lake Res. J., 2, 74-90
Leblanc M. & Malaisse R, 1978, Lubumbashi, un ecosysteme urbain tropical. Centre International de Semiologie Universite Nationale du Zaire
Lootens-De MuynckM.T. & Mbuyi B.D., 1983, Sambwa: un pole d'attraction rural dans l'arriere-pays de Lubumbashi (Zaire), Geo-Eco-Trop, 7, 4, 155-163
Lootens-De Muynck M.T., Mbuyl B.D. & Blnzangl K., 1982, Typologle et aspects socio-economiques de quelques villages de bucherons et charbonniers des environs de Lubumbashi, Geo-Eco-Trop 6, 1, 45-63
Lootens-de Mynck M.T., Bruneau J-C, Lootens M. & Malaisse R, 1980, Lubumbashi en 1980 et ses relations avec son environnement regional, Geo-Eco-Trop, 4, 1-4, 3-29
Malaisse R & Blnzangl K., 1990, Consommation de bois de feu (bois de carbonisation et bois de chauffe) et deforestation au Shaba (Zaïre). Session d'echanges sur les ecosystemes troplcaux humldes, 13-17 Novembre Brazzaville
Malaisse R & Kapinga I., 1987, The Influence of deforestation on the hydric balance of soils in the Lubumbashi environment, B. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg., 119, 2, 161-178
Malaisse R & Binzangi K., 1985, Wood as a source of fuel in upper Shaba (Zaire)? Commonwealth For. Rev., 64, 3, 227-239
Malaisse R, 1997, Se nourrir en foret claire africaine: Approche ecologique et nutritionnelle. Gembloux, Belgique les presses agronomiques de Gembloux
Malaisse P., 1979, L'homme dans la foret Claire Zambezienne. In: Jewsiewicki B. (Ed). Diversification et appauvrissement des anciens systemes africains de production alimentaire, Afr. Econ. Hist, 7, 38-64
Malaisse R, 1978, The miombo ecosystem. In: Tropical forest ecosystems, a state of Knowledge. Report prepared by UNESCO/UNEP/FAO. Paris: Unesco/Natural Ressources research, 16, 589-606
Malaisse R, Batubenga K., Binzangi K., Ipanga T. & Kakisingi M., 1983, Essai cartographique de l'environnement et de sa dynamique en milieu tropical humide: les moyens plateaux du Shaba meridional du ZaTre. Geo-Eco-Trop 7, 49-65
Malaisse R, Binzangi K. & Kapinga I., 1980, L'approvisionnement en produits ligneux de Lubumbashi (Zaire), Geo-Eco-Trop, 4, 139-163
Malaisse R, Alexandre J., Freson R., Goffinet G. & Malaisse-Mousset M., 1972, The miombo ecosystem: a preliminary study. In: Golley P. & Golley R (Eds). Tropical ecology with an emphasis on organic production. Athens (Georgia, USA): University of Georgia, 33-405
Megevand C, Sanders K. & Doetinchem N., 2013, Dynamiques de deforestation dans le bassin du Congo: reconcilier la croissance economique et la protection de la foret. Washington DC, World Bank
Mittermeier R.A., Mittermeier C.G., Brooks T.M., Pilgrim J.D., Konstant W.R., Da Fonseca G.A. & Kormos C, 2003, Wilderness and biodiversity conservation. Proc. Nat. Academy Sci., 100, 18, 10309-10313
Munkner C-A., Bouquet M., Muakana R., 2015, Elaboration du schema directeur d'approvisionnement durable en bois-energie pour la ville de Lubumbashi (Katanga). Programme Biodiversity et ForSts (PBF) Projet Filiere Bois/Chaînes de valeur ajoutee, GIZ, MEDD, DFS, GFA
Munyemba K.R & Bogaert J., 2014, Anthropisation et dynamique de l'occupation du sol dans la region de Lubumbashi de 1956 a 2009, E-revue UNILU, 1, 1, 3-23
Mwitwa J., German L., Muimba-Kankolongo A. & Puntondewo A., 2012, Governance and sustainability challenges in landscape shaped by mining: Mining-forestry linkages and impacts in the copper belt of Zambia and the DR Congo, For. Policy & Econ., 25, 19-30
Potapov P.V., Turubanova S.A., Hansen M.C., Adusei B., Broich M., Altstatt A., Mane L. & Justice CO., 2012, Quantifying forest cover loss in Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2000-2010, with Landsat ETM+ data, Remote Sensi. Environ, 122, 106-116
Sanga-Ngoie K. & Fukuyama K., 1996, Interannual and long-term of climate variability over the Zaire basin during the last 30 years, J. Geophysic. Res., 110, 21351-21360
Shirima D.D., Totland O., Munishi P.K., & Moe S.R., 2015, Relationships between tree species richness, evenness and aboveground carbon storage in montane forests and miombo woodlands of Tanzania, Basic &Appl. Ecol., 16, 3, 239-249
Sileshi G., Akinnifesi F.K., Ajayi O.C., Chakeredza S., Kaonga M. & Matakala P.W., 2007, Contributions of agroforestry to ecosystem services in the Miombo eco-region of eastern and southern Africa, Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 1, 4, 68-80
Soyer J. & Wilmet J., 1986, Environmental changes around african tropical towns (Lubumbashi, Zaire, Bamako, Mali) from Landsat MSS data. Proceed, of the XXth International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, Nairobi, december 1986, pp 507-520
Syampungani S., Geldenhuys C.J. & Chirwa P.W., 2016, Regeneration dynamics of miombo woodland in response to different anthropogenic disturbances: forest characterisation for sustainable management, Agrofor. Syst, 90, 4, 563-576
Trefon T., Hendriks T, Kabuyaya N. & Ngoy B., 2010, L'economie politique de la filiere du charbon de bois a Kinshasa et a Lubumbashi: Appui strategique a la politique de reconstruction $post-conflit en R.D.C. Working paper of the Institute of Development Policy and Management, University of Antwerp
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, 2016, The World's Cities in 2016-Data Booklet (ST/ESA/SER.A/392)
Vranken I., Amisi Y.M., Munyemba Kankumbi R, Bamba I., Veroustraete R, Visser M. & Bogaert J., 2013, The Spatial Footprint of the Non-ferrous Mining Industry in Lubumbashi, Tropicultura, 31, 1, 22-29
Vranken I., Kabulu Djibu J.P., Munyemba Kankumbi R, Mama A., Lyongo Waya Mongo L., Bamba I., Laghmouch M. & Bogaert J., 2011, Ecological impact of habitat loss on African landscapes and diversity. In: Daniels JA (ed) Advances in environmental research, volume 14. Nova Science Publishers, Hauppauge, pp 365-388
White R, 1983, The Vegetation of Africa. Natural Resources Research No 20 UNESCO, Paris, p. 356
