Progressive collapse triggered by fire induced column loss: Detrimental effect of thermal forces

Gernay, Thomas; Gamba, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.06.060

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Progressive collapse triggered by fire induced column loss: Detrimental effect of thermal forces

Gernay, Thomas; Gamba, Antonio

2018 • In Engineering Structures, 172, p. 483-496

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/225929

DOI
10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.06.060

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Keywords :

Progressive collapse; Thermal loads; Localised fire

Abstract :

[en] In progressive collapse analysis, event-independent column loss is commonly used as a design scenario. Yet this scenario does not account for the fire-induced thermal forces that develop in case of a fire. The thermal forces may cause detrimental load redistributions in the structure, notably during the cooling phase. However, as the response of entire structures during the full course of fires until burnout has received little attention, these effects are not well established. The objective of this paper is to analyze the mechanisms of load redistribution in a structural system comprising a column subjected to localized fire, with a focus on the effects of the cooling phase. Numerical simulations by nonlinear finite element method are used, after validation against experimental data. The observed mechanisms result in tension building up in the fire-exposed column and overloading the adjacent columns in compression. Consequently, the damaged vertical member redistributes a force that is larger than the force initially carried. This can lead to failure of vertical members not directly affected by the fire and trigger a progressive collapse. These mechanisms are parametrically studied on a simple system composed of a column and a linear spring. Major parameters influencing the residual tensile force in the fire-exposed column are the maximum reached temperature and the relative stiffness of the remainder of the structure. The analysis of a twenty-story steel frame building under localized fire attacking one ground level perimeter column confirms the development of these mechanisms in a real design. The results have important implications as they question the validity of an event-independent design scenario for capturing the influence of column failure due to fire loading.

Disciplines :

Civil engineering

Author, co-author :

Gernay, Thomas; Johns Hopkins University > Civil Enginnering > Ingénierie du feu

Gamba, Antonio ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Ingénierie du feu

Language :

English

Title :

Progressive collapse triggered by fire induced column loss: Detrimental effect of thermal forces

Publication date :

October 2018

Journal title :

Engineering Structures

ISSN :

0141-0296

eISSN :

1873-7323

Publisher :

Elsevier, United Kingdom

Volume :

172

Pages :

483-496

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141029617337148

Available on ORBi :

since 26 June 2018

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