Que fait la participation pour le développement durable

Thsi paper examines four case studies of participatory process in the field of environmental policy and decision-making. These cas studies includes cases of popular protest and cases of collaborative management. It argues that participation has to be analysed as processes. these processes are described as de-framing and re-framing processes that induce reformulations of the problems and solutions. Thes reframing results form displacements, social and cognitive, through institutions and scales. By becoming more inclusive, these decision-making processes can contribute to sustainbale development by enlarging spatial and temporal scales of evaluation.