Neandertal and Denisovan DNA from Pleistocene sediments

DNA; DNA fragment; Neanderthal; Pleistocene; Article; DNA isolation; DNA library; DNA sequence; Homo neanderthalensis; Europe; Eurasia; Mammalia; Animals; Caves; DNA, Ancient; DNA, Mitochondrial; Fossils; Geologic Sediments; Hominidae; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Abstract :

[en] Although a rich record of Pleistocene human-associated archaeological assemblages exists, the scarcity of hominin fossils often impedes the understanding of which hominins occupied a site. Using targeted enrichment of mitochondrial DNA, we show that cave sediments represent a rich source of ancient mammalian DNA that often includes traces of hominin DNA, even at sites and in layers where no hominin remains have been discovered. By automation-assisted screening of numerous sediment samples, we detected Neandertal DNA in eight archaeological layers from four caves in Eurasia. In Denisova Cave, we retrieved Denisovan DNA in a Middle Pleistocene layer near the bottom of the stratigraphy. Our work opens the possibility of detecting the presence of hominin groups at sites and in areas where no skeletal remains are found. © 2017, American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved.

Disciplines :

History
Archaeology

Author, co-author :

Slon, V.; Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, Germany

Hopfe, C.; Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, Germany

Weiß, C. L.; Research Group for Ancient Genomics and Evolution, Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany

Mafessoni, F.; Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, Germany

De La Rasilla, M.; Área de Prehistoria, Department of History, Universidad de Oviedo, Calle Teniente Alfonso Martínez s/n, Oviedo, Spain

Lalueza-Fox, C.; Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Universitat Pompeu Fabra-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPF-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain

Rosas, A.; Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Madrid, Spain

Soressi, M.; Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands, Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, Germany

Knul, M. V.; Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, United Kingdom

Miller, Rebecca ; Université de Liège - ULg

More authors (21 more)

Language :

English

Title :

Neandertal and Denisovan DNA from Pleistocene sediments

Publication date :

2017

Journal title :

Science

ISSN :

0036-8075

eISSN :

1095-9203

Publisher :

American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, United States - District of Columbia

Volume :

356

Issue :

6338

Pages :

605-608

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Name of the research project :

ARC FT140100384,FL130100116,FT150100138; RSF 14-50-00036; ERC 694707

Funders :

ARC - Australian Research Council
RNF - Rossijskij nau?nyj fond
MPG - Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur F�rderung der Wissenschaften
ERC - European Research Council

Available on ORBi :

since 08 June 2018

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