Assessment of nociception and pain in participants with unresponsive or minimally conscious state after acquired brain injury: the relationship between the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised and the Nociception Coma Scale-Revised
Becker, Frank; Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesoddtangen, Norway, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Boering, Dana; Sint Mauritius Therapy clinic, Meerbusch, Germany
Giacino, Joseph; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
LAUREYS, Steven ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Service de neurologie
Løvstad, Marianne; Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesoddtangen, Norway, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Assessment of nociception and pain in participants with unresponsive or minimally conscious state after acquired brain injury: the relationship between the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised and the Nociception Coma Scale-Revised
Laureys, S., Celesia, G.G., Cohadon, F., et al., European Task Force on Disorders of Consciousness. Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome: a new name for the vegetative state or apallic syndrome. BMC Med, 8, 2010, 68.
Giacino, J., Ashwal, S., Childs, N., et al. The minimally conscious state: definition and diagnostic criteria. Neurology 58 (2002), 349–353.
Beaumont, J.G., Kenealy, P.M., Incidence and prevalence of the vegetative and minimally conscious states. Neuropsychol Rehabil 15 (2005), 184–189.
Løvstad, M., Andelic, N., Knoph, R., et al. Rate of disorders of consciousness in a prospective population-based study of adults with traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil 29 (2014), E31–E43.
Luauté J., Maucort-Boulch, D., Tell, L., et al. Long-term outcomes of chronic minimally conscious and vegetative states. Neurology 75 (2010), 246–252.
Chatelle, C., Thibaut, A., Whyte, J., De Val, M.D., Laureys, S., Schnakers, C., Pain issues in disorders of consciousness. Brain Inj 28 (2014), 1202–1208.
Demertzi, A., Schnakers, C., Ledoux, D., et al. Different beliefs about pain perception in the vegetative and minimally conscious states: a European survey of medical and paramedical professionals. Prog Brain Res 177 (2009), 329–338.
Demertzi, A., Racine, E., Bruno, M.A., et al. Pain perception in disorders of consciousness: neuroscience, clinical care, and ethics in dialogue. Neuroethics 6 (2013), 37–50.
Whyte, J., Nordenbo, A.M., Kalmar, K., et al. Medical complications during inpatient rehabilitation among patients with traumatic disorders of consciousness. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 94 (2013), 1877–1883.
Thibaut, A., Chatelle, C., Wannez, S., et al. Spasticity in disorders of consciousness: a behavioral study. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 51 (2015), 389–397.
Schnakers, C., Chatelle, C., Demertzi, A., Majerus, S., Laureys, S., What about pain in disorders of consciousness?. AAPS J 14 (2012), 437–444.
Boly, M., Faymonville, M.E., Schnakers, C., et al. Perception of pain in the minimally conscious state with PET activation: an observational study. Lancet Neurol 7 (2008), 1013–1020.
Laureys, S., Faymonville, M.E., Peigneux, P., et al. Cortical processing of noxious somatosensory stimuli in the persistent vegetative state. Neuroimage 17 (2002), 732–741.
Klit, H., Finnerup, N.B., Jensen, T.S., Central post-stroke pain: clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and management. Lancet Neurol 8 (2009), 857–868.
International Association for the Study of Pain. IASP taxonomy. Avialable at: http://www.iasp-pain.org/Taxonomy Accessed April 26, 2018.
Naro, A., Leo, A., Cannavò A., Buda, A., Bramanti, P., Calabrò R.S., Do unresponsive wakefulness syndrome patients feel pain? Role of laser-evoked potential-induced gamma-band oscillations in detecting cortical pain processing. Neuroscience 317 (2016), 141–148.
Kassubek, J., Juengling, F.D., Els, T., et al. Activation of a residual cortical network during painful stimulation in long-term postanoxic vegetative state: a 15 O-H 2 O PET study. J Neurol Sci 212 (2003), 85–91.
Yu, T., Lang, S., Vogel, D., Markl, A., Müller, F., Kotchoubey, B., Patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome respond to the pain cries of other people. Neurology 80 (2013), 345–352.
Merkel, S.I., Voepel-Lewis, T., Shayevitz, J.R., Malviya, S., The FLACC: a behavorial scale for scoring postoperative pain in young children. Pediatr Nurs 23 (1997), 293–297.
Feldt, K.S., The Checklist of Nonverbal Pain Indicators (CNPI). Pain Manag Nurs 1 (2000), 13–21.
Warden, V., Hurley, A.C., Volicer, L., Development and psychometric evaluation of the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) scale. J Am Med Dir Assoc 4 (2003), 9–15.
Lawrence, J., Alcock, D., McGrath, P., Kay, J., MacMurray, S.B., Dulberg, C., The development of a tool to assess neonatal pain. Neonatal Netw 12 (1993), 59–66.
Young, J., Siffleet, J., Nikoletti, S., Shaw, T., Use of a Behavioural Pain Scale to assess pain in ventilated, unconscious and/or sedated patients. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 22 (2006), 32–39.
Gélinas, C., Fillion, L., Puntillo, K.A., Bertrand, R., Dupui, F.A., Validation of the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) in adult patients. Am J Crit Care 15 (2006), 420–427.
Latorre Marco, I., Solís Muñoz, M., Falero Ruiz, T., Larrasquitu Sánchez, A., Romay Pérez, A.B., Millán Santos, I., grupo del proyecto de Investigación ESCID. [Validation of the Scale of Behavior Indicators of Pain (ESCID) in critically ill, non-communicative patients under mechanical ventilation: results of the ESCID scale]. [Spanish] Enferm Intensiva 22 (2011), 3–12.
Chatelle, C., Majerus, S., Whyte, J., Laureys, S., Schnakers, C., A sensitive scale to assess nociceptive pain in patients with disorders of consciousness. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 83 (2012), 1233–1237.
Schnakers, C., Chatelle, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., et al. The Nociception Coma Scale: a new tool to assess nociception in disorders of consciousness. Pain 148 (2010), 215–219.
Giacino, J., Kalmar, K., Whyte, J., The JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised: measurement characteristics and diagnostic utility. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 85 (2004), 2020–2029.
The Multi-Society Task Force on PVS. Medical aspects of the persistent vegetative state (1). N Engl J Med 330 (1994), 1499–1508.
American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Injury-Interdisciplinary Special Interest Group, Disorders of Consciousness Task Force, Seel, R.T., Sherer, M., Whyte, J., et al. Assessment scales for disorders of consciousness: evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice and research. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 91 (2010), 1795–1813.
Gill-Thwaites, H., Munday, R., The Sensory Modality Assessment and Rehabilitation Technique (SMART): a valid and reliable assessment for vegetative state and minimally conscious state patients. Brain Inj 18 (2004), 1255–1269.
Benjamini, Y., Hochberg, Y., Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J R Stat Soc Series B Method 57 (1995), 289–300.
Calabrò R.S., Naro, A., Manuli, A., et al. Pain perception in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness: what can limbic system tell us?. Clin Neurophysiol 128 (2017), 454–462.
Wannez, S., Heine, L., Thonnard, M., Gosseries, O., Laureys, S., Coma Science Group collaborators. The repetition of behavioral assessments in diagnosis of disorders of consciousness. Ann Neurol 81 (2017), 883–889.
Mouraux, A., Diukova, A., Lee, M.C., Wise, R.G., Iannetti, G.D., A multisensory investigation of the functional significance of the “pain matrix.”. Neuroimage 54 (2011), 2237–2249.
Iannetti, G.D., Hughes, N.P., Lee, M.C., Mouraux, A., Determinants of laser-evoked EEG responses: pain perception or stimulus saliency?. J Neurophysiol 100 (2008), 815–828.
