[fr] En Région wallonne, des sols agricoles situés à proximité d’anciens sites de traitements de minerais ont été impactés par des retombées atmosphériques contaminées en cadmium (Cd), plomb (Pb) et zinc (Zn). Afin d’étudier l’impact de ces contaminations sur la qualité des productions agricoles, une étude du transfert en Cd et Zn du sol vers l’orge de printemps (Hordeum vulgare L.) a été réalisée sur une de ces zones contaminées. Dix-huit prélèvements d’orges ont été effectués en zone contaminée, 10 autres en zone témoin non contaminée et chacun d’eux a été subdivisé en trois sous-échantillons (tige, épi et grain). Un prélèvement a été réalisé dans l’horizon de surface du sol (de 0 à 20 cm) à l’emplacement de chaque prélèvement de plantes. Les concentrations disponibles et pseudo-totales en éléments traces et majeurs ainsi que pHeau, pHKCl, carbone organique total et azote total ont été mesurés sur les échantillons de sols. Les concentrations en Cd et Zn ont été dosées dans les grains, les épis et les tiges. Les concentrations en Cd et Zn mesurées dans les plantes récoltées sur la zone contaminée sont de 2 à 9 fois supérieures à celles mesurées dans les orges témoins. Il existe peu de relations entre la concentration en cadmium dans les grains (CdGrain), la concentration en zinc dans les grains (ZnGrain) et les propriétés des sols à l’exception des teneurs en Cd et Zn du sol. Une analyse Cate-Nelson a permis d’estimer CdGrain à 0,027 mg de Cd/kg matière sèche (MS) pour des teneurs pseudo-totales en Cd dans le sol allant de 0 à 1,23 mg/kg, et à 0,118 mg de Cd/kg de MS pour des teneurs pseudo-totales en Cd dans le sol allant de 1,24 à 6,87 mg/kg. ZnGrain est estimé à 19,2 mg/kg de MS pour des teneurs pseudo-totales de Zn dans le sol allant de 0 à 131 mg/kg, et à 40 mg/kg de MS pour des teneurs pseudo-totales de Zn dans le sol allant de 132 à 570 mg/kg. Une estimation du transfert en Cd et Zn reste toutefois complexe dans ces sols multicontaminés. [en] In the Walloon region (Belgium), agricultural soils close to a former ore smelter were affected by atmospheric deposition contaminated by cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). To study the effect of these contaminations on the quality of agricultural productions, a study of the transfer from soil to a cereal crop, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was carried out on one of these contaminated areas and an uncontaminated control area. Eighteen barley samples were taken in contaminated areas; 10 were sampled in the control area, and each was subdivided into three subsamples (stem, ear, and seed). A sample was taken from topsoil horizon (0 to 20 cm) at the location of each plant sample. Available and pseudo-total concentrations of trace and major elements as well as pHwater, pHKCl, total organic carbon, and total nitrogen were measured on the soil samples. Concentrations of Cd and Zn were measured in the seed, ear, and stem. The concentrations of Cd and Zn that were measured in the harvested plants in the contaminated zone are 2 to 9 times higher than those measured in the control barleys. There are few relationships between Cd concentration in seeds (CdSeed), Zn concentration in seeds (ZnSeed), and soil properties apart from available and pseudo-total soil levels of Cd and Zn. Using a Cate-Nelson analysis, CdSeed was estimated at 0.027 mg Cd/kg of dry matter (DM) for pseudo-total soil Cd levels ranging from 0 to 1.23 mg/kg, and at 0.118 mg Cd/kg DM for pseudo-total soil Cd levels ranging from 1.24 to 6.87 mg/kg. ZnSeed is estimated to be 19.2 mg/kg of DM for soil ranges from 0 to 131 mg/kg of pseudo-total Zn, and 40 mg/kg of DM for soil ranges from 132 to 570 mg/kg of pseudo-total Zn. However, an estimate of the transfer of Cd and Zn remains complex in these multi-contaminated soils.
Disciplines :
Environmental sciences & ecology Public health, health care sciences & services Food science Agriculture & agronomy
Author, co-author :
Liénard, Amandine ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Ingénierie des biosystèmes (Biose) > Echanges Eau-Sol-Plantes
Colinet, Gilles ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Ingénierie des biosystèmes (Biose) > Echanges Eau-Sol-Plantes
Language :
French
Title :
Transfert en cadmium et zinc vers l’orge de printemps en sols contaminés et non contaminés de Belgique : évaluation et prédiction
Alternative titles :
[en] Cadmium and zinc uptake by barley in contaminated and uncontaminated soils of Belgium: evaluation and prediction
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