Article (Scientific journals)
Drug resistance mutations after the first 12 months on antiretroviral therapy and determinants of virological failure in Rwanda.
Ndahimana, Jean D Amour; Riedel, David J.; Mwumvaneza, Mutagoma et al.
2016In Tropical Medicine and International Health, 21 (7), p. 928-35
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Keywords :
Adult; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics; Female; Genotype; HIV Infections/drug therapy; HIV-1/genetics; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Odds Ratio; Retrospective Studies; Rwanda; Tenofovir/therapeutic use; Treatment Failure; Viral Load; Young Adult; HIV; Tenofovir; VIH; drug resistance; fallo viral; resistencia a medicamentos; resistance aux medicaments; viral failure; echec viral
Abstract :
[en] OBJECTIVE: To evaluate HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) and determinants of virological failure in a large cohort of patients receiving first-line tenofovir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens. METHODS: A nationwide retrospective cohort from 42 health facilities was assessed for virological failure and development of HIVDR mutations. Data were collected at ART initiation and at 12 months of ART on patients with available HIV-1 viral load (VL) and ART adherence measurements. HIV resistance genotyping was performed on patients with VL >/=1000 copies/ml. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with treatment failure. RESULTS: Of 828 patients, 66% were women, and the median age was 37 years. Of the 597 patients from whom blood samples were collected, 86.9% were virologically suppressed, while 11.9% were not. Virological failure was strongly associated with age <25 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 6.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.2-12.9), low adherence (aOR: 2.87; 95% CI: 1.5-5.0) and baseline CD4 counts <200 cells/mul (aOR 3.4; 95% CI: 1.9-6.2). Overall, 9.1% of all patients on ART had drug resistance mutations after 1 year of ART; 27% of the patients who failed treatment had no evidence of HIVDR mutations. HIVDR mutations were not observed in patients on the recommended second-line ART regimen in Rwanda. CONCLUSIONS: The last step of the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target appears within grasp, with some viral failures still due to non-adherence. Nonetheless, youth and late initiators are at higher risk of virological failure. Youth-focused programmes could help prevent further drug HIVDR development.
Disciplines :
Immunology & infectious disease
Author, co-author :
Ndahimana, Jean D Amour
Riedel, David J.
Mwumvaneza, Mutagoma
Sebuhoro, Dieudone
Uwimbabazi, Jean-Claude ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Doct. sc. bioméd. & pharma. (paysage)
Kubwimana, Marthe
Mugabo, Jules
Mulindabigwi, Augustin
Kirk, Catherine
Kanters, Steve
Forrest, Jamie I.
Jagodzinski, Linda L.
Peel, Sheila A.
Ribakare, Muhayimpundu
Redfield, Robert R.
Nsanzimana, Sabin
More authors (6 more) Less
Language :
English
Title :
Drug resistance mutations after the first 12 months on antiretroviral therapy and determinants of virological failure in Rwanda.
Publication date :
2016
Journal title :
Tropical Medicine and International Health
ISSN :
1360-2276
eISSN :
1365-3156
Publisher :
Blackwell, Oxford, United Kingdom
Volume :
21
Issue :
7
Pages :
928-35
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Commentary :
(c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Available on ORBi :
since 14 February 2018

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