Invited review: Opportunities for genetic improvement of metabolic diseases

[en] Metabolic disorders are disturbances to one or more of the metabolic processes in dairy cattle. Dysfunction of any of these processes is associated with the manifestation of metabolic diseases or disorders. In this review, data recording, incidences, genetic parameters, predictors, and status of genetic evaluations were examined for (1) ketosis, (2) displaced abomasum, (3) milk fever, and (4) tetany, as these are the most prevalent metabolic diseases where published genetic parameters are available. The reported incidences of clinical cases of metabolic disorders are generally low (less than 10% of cows are recorded as having a metabolic disease per herd per year or parity/lactation). Heritability estimates are also low and are typically less than 5%. Genetic correlations between metabolic traits are mainly positive, indicating that selection to improve one of these diseases is likely to have a positive effect on the others. Furthermore, there may also be opportunities to select for general disease resistance in terms of metabolic stability. Although there is inconsistency in published genetic correlation estimates between milk yield and metabolic traits, selection for milk yield may be expected to lead to a deterioration in metabolic disorders. Under-recording and difficulty in diagnosing subclinical cases are among the reasons why interest is growing in using easily measurable predictors of metabolic diseases, either recorded on-farm by using sensors and milk tests or off-farm using data collected from routine milk recording. Some countries have already initiated genetic evaluations of metabolic disease traits and currently most of these use clinical observations of disease. However, there are opportunities to use clinical diseases in addition to predictor traits and genomic information to strengthen genetic evaluations for metabolic health in the future.

Disciplines :

Animal production & animal husbandry

Author, co-author :

Pryce, J. E.

Gaddis Parker, K. L.

Koeck, A.

Bastin, Catherine

Abdelsayed, M.

Gengler, Nicolas ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Agronomie, Bio-ingénierie et Chimie (AgroBioChem) > Ingénierie des productions animales et nutrition

Miglior, F.

Heringstad, B.

Egger-Danner, C.

Stock, K. F.

Bradley, A. J.

Cole, J. B.

Language :

English

Title :

Invited review: Opportunities for genetic improvement of metabolic diseases

Publication date :

September 2016

Journal title :

Journal of Dairy Science

ISSN :

0022-0302

eISSN :

1525-3198

Publisher :

American Dairy Science Association, Champaign, United States - Illinois

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

6855 - 6873

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030216303927

Available on ORBi :

since 13 December 2017

Statistics

Number of views

39 (6 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

1 (1 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

Bibliography

Abdel-Azim, G.A., Freeman, A.E., Kehrli, M.E. Jr., Kelm, S.C., Burton, J.L., Kuck, A.L., Schnell, S., Genetic basis and risk factors for infectious and noninfectious diseases in US Holsteins. I. Estimation of genetic parameters for single diseases and general health. J. Dairy Sci. 88 (2005), 1199–1207.
Ametaj, B.N., Zebeli, Q., Saleem, F., Psychogios, N., Lewis, M.J., Dunn, S.M., Xia, J., Wishart, D.S., Metabolomics reveals unhealthy alterations in rumen metabolism with increased proportion of cereal grain in the diet of dairy cows. Metabolomics 6 (2010), 583–594.
Appuhamy, J.A.D.R.N., Cassell, B.G., Cole, J.B., Phenotypic and genetic relationships of common health disorders with milk and fat yield persistencies from producer-recorded health data and test-day yields. J. Dairy Sci. 92 (2009), 1785–1795.
Banos, G., Coffey, M., Brotherstone, S., Modeling daily energy balance of dairy cows in the first three lactations. J. Dairy Sci. 88 (2005), 2226–2237.
Berge, A.C., Vertenten, G., A field study to determine the prevalence, dairy herd management systems, and fresh cow clinical conditions associated with ketosis in western European dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci. 97 (2014), 2145–2154.
Berry, D., McParland, S., Bastin, C., Wall, E., Gengler, N., Soyeurt, H., Phenotyping of robustness and milk quality. Adv. Anim. Biosci., 4, 2013, 600.
Bewley, J., Peacock, A., Lewis, O., Boyce, R., Roberts, D., Coffey, M., Kenyon, S., Schutz, M., Potential for estimation of body condition scores in dairy cattle from digital images. J. Dairy Sci. 91 (2008), 3439–3453.
Bjerre-Harpøth, V., Friggens, N.C., Thorup, V.M., Larsen, T., Damgaard, B.M., Ingvartsen, K.L., Moyes, K.M., Metabolic and production profiles of dairy cows in response to decreased nutrient density to increase physiological imbalance at different stages of lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 95 (2012), 2362–2380.
Bobe, G., Young, J.W., Beitz, D.C., Invited review: Pathology, etiology, prevention, and treatment of fatty liver in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 87 (2004), 3105–3124.
Boichard, D., Brochard, M., New phenotypes for new breeding goals in dairy cattle. Animal 6 (2012), 544–550.
Buttchereit, N., Stamer, E., Junge, W., Thaller, G., Short communication: Genetic relationships among daily energy balance, feed intake, body condition score, and fat to protein ratio of milk in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 94 (2011), 1586–1591.
Buttchereit, N., Stamer, E., Junge, W., Thaller, G., Genetic parameters for energy balance, fat/protein ratio, body condition score and disease traits in German Holstein cows. J. Anim. Breed. Genet. 129 (2012), 280–288.
Cameron, R.E.B., Dyk, P.B., Herdt, T.H., Dry cow diet, management, and energy balance as risk factors for displaced abomasum in high producing dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci. 81 (1998), 132–139.
Canadian Dairy Network. 2007. Is Animal Health Important to You? Accessed Dec. 2015. https://www.cdn.ca/document.php?id=124.
Carlén, E., Schneider, M.del P., Strandberg, E., Comparison between linear models and survival analysis for genetic evaluation of clinical mastitis in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 88 (2005), 797–803.
Carlén, E., Emanuelson, U., Strandberg, E., Genetic evaluation of mastitis in dairy cattle using linear models, threshold models, and survival analysis: A simulation study. J. Dairy Sci. 89 (2006), 4049–4057.
Cha, E., Bar, D., Hertl, J.A., Tauer, L.W., Bennett, G., González, R.N., Schukken, Y.H., Welcome, F.L., Gröhn, Y.T., The cost and management of different types of clinical mastitis in dairy cows estimated by dynamic programming. J. Dairy Sci. 94 (2011), 4476–4487.
Cha, E., Hertl, J.A., Bar, D., Gröhn, Y.T., The cost of different types of lameness in dairy cows calculated by dynamic programming. Prev. Vet. Med. 97 (2010), 1–8.
Chamberlin, W.G., Middleton, J.R., Spain, J.N., Johnson, G.C., Ellersieck, M.R., Pithua, P., Subclinical hypocalcemia, plasma biochemical parameters, lipid metabolism, postpartum disease, and fertility in postparturient dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 96 (2013), 7001–7013.
Chang, Y.M., Andersen-Ranberg, I.M., Heringstad, B., Gianola, D., Klemetsdal, G., Bivariate analysis of number of services to conception and days open in Norwegian Red using a censored threshold-linear model. J. Dairy Sci. 89 (2006), 772–778.
Chang, Y.M., Gianola, D., Heringstad, B., Klemetsdal, G., Longitudinal analysis of clinical mastitis at different stages of lactation in Norwegian cattle. Livest. Prod. Sci. 88 (2004), 251–261.
Chesnais, J.P., Cooper, T.A., Wiggans, G.R., Sargolzaei, M., Pryce, J.E., Miglior, F., Using genomics to enhance selection of novel traits in North American dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 99 (2016), 2413–2427.
Cole, J.B., Sanders, A.H., Clay, J.S., Use of producer-recorded health data in determining incidence risks and relationships between health events and culling. J. Dairy Sci., 89, 2006, 10 (Abstr.).
Curtis, C.R., Erb, H.N., Sniffen, C.J., Smith, R.D., Kronfeld, D.S., Path analysis of dry period nutrition, postpartum metabolic and reproductive disorders, and mastitis in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 68 (1985), 2347–2360.
De La Paz, J. M. 2008. Using humoral and cellular response to novel antigens in periparturient dairy cows as a measure of genetic disease resistance in dairy cows. MSc Thesis. Veterinary Medicine Dept., University of Florida, Gainesville.
De Marchi, M., Toffanin, V., Cassandro, M., Penasa, M., Invited review: Mid-infrared spectroscopy as phenotyping tool for milk traits. J. Dairy Sci. 97 (2014), 1171–1186.
de Roos, A.P.W., van den Bijgaart, H.J.C.M., Hørlyk, J., de Jong, G., Screening for subclinical ketosis in dairy cattle by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. J. Dairy Sci. 90 (2007), 1761–1766.
Dechow, C.D., Rogers, G.W., Sander-Nielsen, U., Kiel, L., Lawlor, T.J., Clay, J.S., Freeman, A.E., Abdel-Azim, G., Kuck, A., Schnell, S., Correlations among body conditions scores from various sources, dairy form, and cow health from the United States and Denmark. J. Dairy Sci. 87 (2004), 3526–3533.
DeGaris, P.J., Lean, I.J., Milk fever in dairy cows: A review of pathophysiology and control principles. Vet. J. 176 (2008), 58–69.
Doll, K., Sickinger, M., Seeger, T., New aspects in the pathogenesis of abomasal displacement. Vet. J. 181 (2009), 90–96.
Ederer, S. 2014. Beziehungen von Stoffwechselerkrankungen und Merkmalen aus der Milchleistungskontrolle in der Rasse Fleckvieh. Master thesis. Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
Egger-Danner, C., Cole, J., Pryce, J., Gengler, N., Heringstad, B., Bradley, A., Stock, K., Invited review: Overview of new traits and phenotyping strategies in dairy cattle with a focus on functional traits. Animal 9 (2015), 191–207.
Egger-Danner, C., Fuerst-Waltl, B., Obritzhauser, W., Fuerst, C., Schwarzenbacher, H., Grassauer, B., Mayerhofer, M., Koeck, A., Recording of direct health traits in Austria–experience report with emphasis on aspects of availability for breeding purposes. J. Dairy Sci. 95 (2012), 2765–2777 a http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4876.
Egger-Danner, C., Willam, A., Fuerst, C., Schwarzenbacher, H., Fuerst-Waltl, B., Hot topic: Effect of breeding strategies using genomic information on fitness and health. J. Dairy Sci. 95 (2012), 4600–4609 b.
Emanuelson, U., Recording of production diseases in cattle and possibilities for genetic improvements: A review. Livest. Prod. Sci. 20 (1988), 89–106.
Espetvedt, M.N., Wolff, C., Rintakoski, S., Lind, A., Østerås, O., Completeness of metabolic disease recordings in Nordic national databases for dairy cows. Prev. Vet. Med. 105 (2012), 25–37.
Essl, A., Longevity in dairy cattle breeding: A review. Livest. Prod. Sci. 57 (1998), 79–89.
Fourichon, C., Beaudeau, F., Bareille, N., Seegers, H., Incidence of health disorders in dairy farming systems in western France. Livest. Prod. Sci. 68 (2001), 157–170.
Frei, C., Frei, P.P., Stärk, K.D.C., Pfeiffer, D.U., Kihm, U., The production system and disease incidence in a national random longitudinal study of Swiss dairy herds. Prev. Vet. Med. 32 (1997), 1–21.
Friggens, N.C., Berg, P., Theilgaard, P., Korsgaard, I.R., Ingvartsen, K.L., Løvendahl, P., Jensen, J., Breed and parity effects on energy balance profiles through lactation: Evidence of genetically driven body energy change. J. Dairy Sci. 90 (2007), 5291–5305.
Frigo, E., Dechow, C.D., Pedron, O., Cassell, B.G., The genetic relationship of body weight and early-lactation health disorders in two experimental herds. J. Dairy Sci. 93 (2010), 1184–1192.
Geishauser, T., Leslie, K., Duffield, T., Edge, V., Evaluation of aspartate transaminase activity and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration in blood as tests for prediction of left displaced abomasum in dairy cows. Am. J. Vet. Res. 58 (1997), 1216–1220.
Geishauser, T., Leslie, K., Kelton, D., Duffield, T., Evaluation of five cowside tests for use with milk to detect subclinical ketosis in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 81 (1998), 438–443.
Geishauser, T., Leslie, K., Tenhag, J., Bashiri, A., Evaluation of eight cow-side ketone tests in milk for detection of subclinical ketosis in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 83 (2000), 296–299.
Gengler, N., D. Berry, and C. Bastin. 2013. Use of automated systems for recording of direct and indirect data with special emphasis on the use of MIR milk spectra (OptiMIR project). ICAR Technical Series no. 17:55.
Gengler, N., Soyeurt, H., Dehareng, F., Bastin, C., Colinet, F.G., Hammami, H., Vanrobays, M.-L., Lainé, A., Vanderick, S., Vanlierde, A., Froidmont, E., Dardenne, P., Capitalizing on fine milk composition for breeding and management of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 99 (2016), 4071–4079.
Gernand, E., Rehbein, P., von Borstel, U.U., König, S., Incidences of and genetic parameters for mastitis, claw disorders, and common health traits recorded in dairy cattle contract herds. J. Dairy Sci. 95 (2012), 2144–2156.
Gianola, D., Theory and analysis of threshold characters. J. Anim. Sci. 54 (1982), 1079–1096.
Gianola, D., Sorensen, D., Quantitative genetic models for describing simultaneous and recursive relationships between phenotypes. Genetics 167 (2004), 1407–1424.
Goff, J.P., The monitoring, prevention, and treatment of milk fever and subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy cows. Vet. J. 176 (2008), 50–57.
Gonzalez-Recio, O., Coffey, M.P., Pryce, J.E., On the value of the phenotypes in the genomic era. J. Dairy Sci. 97 (2014), 7905–7915.
Gordon, J.L., LeBlanc, S.J., Duffield, T.F., Ketosis treatment in lactating dairy cattle. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 29 (2013), 433–445.
Govignon-Gio, A., Dassonneville, R., Balloche, G., Ducrocq, V., Genetic evaluation of mastitis in dairy cattle in France. Interbull Bull. 46 (2012), 121–126.
Grelet, C., Bastin, C., Gelé, M., Davière, J.-B., Johan, M., Werner, A., Reding, R., Fernandez Pierna, J.A., Colinet, F.G., Dardenne, P., Gengler, N., Soyeurt, H., Dehareng, F., Development of Fourier transform mid-infrared calibrations to predict acetone, β-hydroxybutyrate and citrate contents in bovine milk through a European dairy network. J. Dairy Sci. 99 (2016), 4816–4825.
Hamann, J., Krömker, V., Potential of specific milk composition variables for cow health management. Livest. Prod. Sci. 48 (1997), 201–208.
Hamann, H., Wolf, V., Scholz, H., Distl, O., Relationships between lactational incidence of displaced abomasum and milk production traits in German Holstein cows. J. Vet. Med. Ser. A 51 (2004), 203–208 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0442.2004.00626.x.
Hansen, P.W., Screening of dairy cows for ketosis by use of infrared spectroscopy and multivariate calibration. J. Dairy Sci. 82 (1999), 2005–2010.
Hasanpour, A., Saranjam, N., Tabrizi, B.A., Antioxidant concentration status in the serum of cows with left displacement abomasum. Global Veterinaria 7 (2011), 478–481.
Hazel, L.N., The genetic basis for constructing selection indexes. Genetics 28 (1943), 476–490.
Heringstad, B., Chang, Y.M., Andersen-Ranberg, I.M., Gianola, D., Genetic analysis of number of mastitis cases and number of services to conception using a censored threshold model. J. Dairy Sci. 89 (2006), 4042–4048.
Heringstad, B., Chang, Y.M., Gianola, D., Klemetsdal, G., Genetic analysis of longitudinal trajectory of clinical mastitis in first-lactation Norwegian cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 86 (2003), 2676–2683.
Heringstad, B., Chang, Y.M., Gianola, D., Klemetsdal, G., Genetic analysis of clinical mastitis, milk fever, ketosis, and retained placenta in three lactations of Norwegian Red cows. J. Dairy Sci. 88 (2005), 3273–3281.
Heringstad, B., Klemetsdal, G., Steine, T., Selection responses for disease resistance in two selection experiments with Norwegian Red cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90 (2007), 2419–2426.
Heringstad, B., and O. Østerås. 2013. More than 30 years of health recording in Norway. In ICAR Technical Series no. 17. 39–46.
Heringstad, B., Wu, X.-L., Gianola, D., Inferring relationships between health and fertility in Norwegian Red cows using recursive models. J. Dairy Sci. 92 (2009), 1778–1784.
Heuer, C., Luinge, H.J., Lutz, E.T.G., Schukken, Y.H., van der Maas, J.H., Wilmink, H., Noordhuizen, J.P.T.M., Determination of acetone in cow milk by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the detection of subclinical ketosis. J. Dairy Sci. 84 (2001), 575–582.
Hoeschele, I., Tier, B., Estimation of variance components of threshold characters by marginal posterior modes and means of Gibbs sampling. Genet. Sel. Evol. 27 (1995), 519–540.
Hudson, C. D. 2015. Big data and the dairy cow: Factors affecting fertility in UK herds. PhD Thesis, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
ICAR. 2014. ICAR Recording Guidelines. International Agreement of Recording Practices. Berlin, Germany. http://www.icar.org/index.php/publications-technical-materials/recording-guidelines/.
Ingvartsen, K.L., Feeding- and management-related diseases in the transition cow. Physiological adaptations around calving and strategies to reduce feeding-related diseases. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 126 (2006), 175–213.
Ingvartsen, K.L., Friggens, N.C., To what extent do variabilities in hormones, metabolites and energy intake explain variability in milk yield?. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. 29 (2005), 294–304.
Jamrozik, J., Koeck, A., Kistemaker, G.J., Miglior, F., Multiple-trait estimates of genetic parameters for metabolic disease traits, fertility disorders, and their predictors in Canadian Holsteins. J. Dairy Sci. 99 (2016), 1990–1998.
Jamrozik, J., Koeck, A., Miglior, F., Kistemaker, G.J., Schenkel, F.S., Kelton, D.F., Van Doormaal, B.J., Genetic and genomic evaluation of mastitis resistance in Canada. Interbull Bull. 47 (2013), 43–51.
Jorritsma, R., Baldee, S., Schukken, Y., Wensing, T., Wentink, G., Evaluation of a milk test for detection of subclinical ketosis. Vet. Q. 20 (1998), 108–110.
Kadarmideen, H.N., Thompson, R., Simm, G., Linear and threshold model genetic parameters for disease, fertility and milk production in dairy cattle. Anim. Sci. 71 (2000), 411–419.
Kelton, D.F., Lissemore, K.D., Martin, R.E., Recommendations for recording and calculating the incidence of selected clinical diseases of dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 81 (1998), 2502–2509.
Koeck, A., Heringstad, B., Egger-Danner, C., Fuerst, C., Fuerst-Waltl, B., Comparison of different models for genetic analysis of clinical mastitis in Austrian Fleckvieh dual-purpose cows. J. Dairy Sci. 93 (2010), 4351–4358 http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2955.
Koeck, A., Jamrozik, J., Kistemaker, G.J., Schenkel, F.S., Moore, R.K., Lefebvre, D.M., Kelton, D.F., Miglior, F., Development of genetic evaluations for metabolic disease traits for Canadian dairy cattle. Interbull Bull. 49 (2015), 76–79.
Koeck, A., Jamrozik, J., Schenkel, F.S., Moore, R.K., Lefebvre, D.M., Kelton, D.F., Miglior, F., Genetic analysis of milk β-hydroxybutyrate and its association with fat to protein ratio, body condition score, clinical ketosis and displaced abomasum in early first lactation Canadian Holsteins. J. Dairy Sci. 97 (2014), 7286–7292.
Koeck, A., Miglior, F., Jamrozik, J., Kelton, D.F., Schenkel, F.S., Genetic associations of ketosis and displaced abomasum with milk production traits in early first lactation of Canadian Holsteins. J. Dairy Sci. 96 (2013), 4688–4696.
Koeck, A., Miglior, F., Kelton, D.F., Schenkel, F.S., Health recording in Canadian Holsteins: Data and genetic parameters. J. Dairy Sci. 95 (2012), 4099–4108.
Loker, S., Miglior, F., Koeck, A., Neuenschwander, T.F., Bastin, C., Jamrozik, J., Schaeffer, L.R., Kelton, D., Relationships between body condition score and health traits in first-lactation Canadian Holsteins. J. Dairy Sci. 95 (2012), 6770–6780.
Martin-Collado, D., Byrne, T., Amer, P., Santos, B., Axford, M., Pryce, J., Analyzing the heterogeneity of farmers’ preferences for improvements in dairy cow traits using farmer typologies. J. Dairy Sci. 98 (2015), 4148–4161.
McArt, J.A.A., Nydam, D.V., Oetzel, G.R., Epidemiology of subclinical ketosis in early lactation dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 95 (2012), 5056–5066.
McParland, S., Lewis, E., Kennedy, E., Moore, S., McCarthy, B., O'Donovan, M., Butler, S., Pryce, J., Berry, D., Mid-infrared spectrometry of milk as a predictor of energy intake and efficiency in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 97 (2014), 5863–5871.
Miglior, F., Koeck, A., Kelton, D.F., Schenkel, F.S., Comparison of different methods to validate a dataset with producer-recorded health events. In Challenges and benefits of health data recording in the context of food chain quality, management and breeding, Proceedings of the ICAR Conference, Aarhus, Denmark, 2013, International Committee for Animal Recording (ICAR), 109–116 30–31 May 2013.
Neuenschwander, T.F.-O., Miglior, F., Jamrozik, J., Berke, O., Kelton, D.F., Schaeffer, L.R., Genetic parameters for producer-recorded health data in Canadian Holstein cattle. Animal 6 (2012), 571–578.
Nielsen, H.-M., Christensen, L.G., Groen, A.F., Derivation of sustainable breeding goals for dairy cattle using selection index theory. J. Dairy Sci. 88 (2005), 1882–1890.
Oetzel, G.R., Monitoring and testing dairy herds for metabolic disease. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 20 (2004), 651–674.
Østerås, O., Solbu, H., Refsdal, A.O., Roalkvam, T., Filseth, O., Minsaas, A., Results and evaluation of thirty years of health recordings in the Norwegian dairy cattle population. J. Dairy Sci. 90 (2007), 4483–4497 http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0030.
Parker Gaddis, K.L., Cole, J.B., Clay, J.S., Maltecca, C., Incidence validation and relationship analysis of producer-recorded health event data from on-farm computer systems in the United States. J. Dairy Sci. 95 (2012), 5422–5435.
Parker Gaddis, K.L., Cole, J.B., Clay, J.S., Maltecca, C., Genomic selection for producer-recorded health event data in US dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 97 (2014), 3190–3199.
Pfeiffer, C., Fuerst, C., Ducrocq, V., Fuerst-Waltl, B., Short communication: Genetic relationships between functional longevity and direct health traits in Austrian Fleckvieh cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 98 (2015), 7380–7383.
Pryce, J.E., Veerkamp, R.F., Thompson, R., Hill, W.G., Simm, G., Genetic aspects of common health disorders and measures of fertility in Holstein Friesian dairy cattle. Anim. Sci. 65 (1997), 353–360.
Qu, Y., Lytle, K., Traber, M.G., Bobe, G., Depleted serum vitamin E concentrations precede left displaced abomasum in early-lactation dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 96 (2013), 3012–3022.
Raboisson, D., Mounié, M., Maigné, E., Diseases, reproductive performance, and changes in milk production associated with subclinical ketosis in dairy cows: A meta-analysis and review. J. Dairy Sci. 97 (2014), 7547–7563.
Raizman, E.A., Santos, J., The effect of left displacement of abomasum corrected by toggle-pin suture on lactation, reproduction, and health of Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 85 (2002), 1157–1164.
Rajala-Schultz, P.J., Gröhn, Y.T., McCulloch, C.E., Effects of milk fever, ketosis, and lameness on milk yield in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 82 (1999), 288–294.
Reinhardt, T.A., Lippolis, J.D., McCluskey, B.J., Goff, J.P., Horst, R.L., Prevalence of subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy herds. Vet. J. 188 (2011), 122–124.
Richert, R.M., Cicconi, K.M., Gamroth, M.J., Schukken, Y.H., Stiglbauer, K.E., Ruegg, P.L., Risk factors for clinical mastitis, ketosis, and pneumonia in dairy cattle on organic and small conventional farms in the United States. J. Dairy Sci. 96 (2013), 4269–4285.
Roche, J.R., Friggens, N.C., Kay, J.K., Fisher, M.W., Stafford, K.J., Berry, D.P., Invited review: Body condition score and its association with dairy cow productivity, health, and welfare. J. Dairy Sci. 92 (2009), 5769–5801.
Rutten, C.J., Velthuis, A., Steeneveld, W., Hogeveen, H., Invited review: Sensors to support health management on dairy farms. J. Dairy Sci. 96 (2013), 1928–1952.
Schonewille, J.T., Magnesium in dairy cow nutrition: An overview. Plant Soil 368 (2013), 167–178.
Schwarzenbacher, H., Orbitzhauser, W., Fuerst-Waltl, B., Koeck, A., Egger-Danner, C., Health monitoring system in Austrian dual purpose Fleckvieh cattle: Incidences and prevalences. In Book of Abstracts of the 61th Annu. Meeting of the EAAP, 2010, Wageningen Academic Publishers, the Netherlands, Heraklion, Greece, 145.
Simianer, H., Solbu, H., Schaeffer, L.R., Estimated genetic correlations between disease and yield traits in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 74 (1991), 4358–4365.
Soyeurt, H., Dardenne, P., Dehareng, F., Lognay, G., Veselko, D., Marlier, M., Bertozzi, C., Mayeres, P., Gengler, N., Estimating fatty acid content in cow milk using mid-infrared spectrometry. J. Dairy Sci. 89 (2006), 3690–3695.
Stangaferro, M.L., Wijma, R., Medrano, M.M., Al Abri, M.A., Giordano, J.O., Prepartum rumination patterns in dairy cows that develop health disorders in the early postpartum period. J. Dairy Sci., 98(Suppl. 2), 2015, 327 a (Abstr.).
Stangaferro, M.L., Wijma, R., Quinteros, C.E., Medrano, M.M., Masello, M., Giordano, J.O., Use of a rumination and activity monitoring for the identification of dairy cows with health disorders. J. Dairy Sci. 98:Suppl. 2 (2015), 506–507 b (Abstr.).
Stock, K. F., J. Wiebelitz, and F. Reinhardt. 2014. Health traits and their role for sustainability improvement of dairy production. 65th Annual Meeting of the EAAP, 25–29 August 2014, Copenhagen, Denmark. http://www.gkuh.de/DivDok/VortragEAAP2014_HealthTraitsDairy_S20_18857.pdf.
Su, G., Madsen, P., Nielsen, U.S., Mäntysaari, E.A., Aamand, G.P., Christensen, O.F., Lund, M.S., Genomic prediction for Nordic Red Cattle using one-step and selection index blending. J. Dairy Sci. 95 (2012), 909–917.
Suthar, V.S., Canelas-Raposo, J., Deniz, A., Heuwieser, W., Prevalence of subclinical ketosis and relationships with postpartum diseases in European dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 96 (2013), 2925–2938.
Thompson, J.R., Genetic interrelationships of parturition problems and production. J. Dairy Sci. 67 (1984), 628–635.
Thorup, V.M., Edwards, D., Friggens, N.C., On-farm estimation of energy balance in dairy cows using only frequent body weight measurements and body condition score. J. Dairy Sci. 95 (2012), 1784–1793.
Tveit, B., Svendsen, M., Hove, K., Heritability of hypocalcemia at first parturition in Norwegian cattle: genetic correlations with yield and weight. J. Dairy Sci. 74 (1991), 3561–3567.
Uribe, H.A., Kennedy, B.W., Martin, S.W., Kelton, D.F., Genetic parameters for common health disorders of Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 78 (1995), 421–430.
van der Drift, S.G.A., van Hulzen, K.J.E., Teweldemedhn, T.G., Jorritsma, R., Nielen, M., Heuven, H.C.M., Genetic and nongenetic variation in plasma and milk β-hydroxybutyrate and milk acetone concentrations of early-lactation dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 95 (2012), 6781–6787.
Van Dorp, T.E., Dekkers, J.C.M., Martin, S.W., Noordhuizen, J.P.T.M., Genetic parameters of health disorders, and relationships with 305-day milk yield and conformation traits of registered Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 81 (1998), 2264–2270.
van Knegsel, A., van der Drift, S., Horneman, M., de Roos, A., Kemp, B., Graat, E., Short communication: Ketone body concentration in milk determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: Value for the detection of hyperketonemia in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 93 (2010), 3065–3069.
Van Winden, S.C.L., Kuiper, R., Left displacement of the abomasum in dairy cattle: Recent developments in epidemiological and etiological aspects. Vet. Res. 34 (2003), 47–56.
Vanholder, T., Papen, J., Bemers, R., Vertenten, G., Berge, A., Risk factors for subclinical and clinical ketosis and association with production parameters in dairy cows in the Netherlands. J. Dairy Sci. 98 (2015), 880–888.
Veerkamp, R., Beerda, B., Van der Lende, T., Effects of genetic selection for milk yield on energy balance, levels of hormones, and metabolites in lactating cattle, and possible links to reduced fertility. Livest. Prod. Sci. 83 (2003), 257–275.
White, H.M., The role of TCA cycle anaplerosis in ketosis and fatty liver in periparturient dairy cows. Animals (Basel) 5 (2015), 793–802.
Wolf, V. 2001. Populationsgenetische Untersuchung zum Auftreten Labmagenverlagerung bei Deutschen Holstein Kühen. PhD thesis. University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Wu, X.-L., Heringstad, B., Gianola, D., Bayesian structural equation models for inferring relationships between phenotypes: A review of methodology, identifiability, and applications. J. Anim. Breed. Genet. 127 (2010), 3–15.
Zwald, N.R., Weigel, K.A., Chang, Y.M., Welper, R.D., Clay, J.S., Genetic selection for health traits using producer-recorded data. I. Incidence rates, heritability estimates, and sire breeding values. J. Dairy Sci. 87 (2004), 4287–4294 a.
Zwald, N.R., Weigel, K.A., Chang, Y.M., Welper, R.D., Clay, J.S., Genetic selection for health traits using producer-recorded data. II. Genetic correlations, disease probabilities, and relationships with existing traits. J. Dairy Sci. 87 (2004), 4295–4302 b.