[en] Intracellular invasion of Staphyloccocus aureus in nonphagocytic cells Staphylococcus aureus often causes chronic diseases. It is now believed that recurrence of these infections could be related to the ability of S. aureus to invade and persist within nonphagocytic cells. Adherence to eucaryotic cells is crucial for S. aureus to invade and persist within invasion and depends on interactions between bacterial fibronectin-binding proteins, fibronectin and the host cell fibronectin receptor, integrin alpha(5)beta(1). It is currently established that fibronectin acts as a bridging molecule. Penetration of S. aureus in host cells requires also activation of protein tyrosine kinases that mediate signal transduction and actin polymerization leading to cytoskeletal rearrangements. After internalization, S. aureus either remains in membrane-bound vacuoles or appears free in the cytoplasm. After bacterial proliferation, S. aureus induces host cell apoptosis or persist inside cells as small colony variants, which represent a less virulent subpopulation of S. aureus that grows slower. Although numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the ability of S. aureus to invade nonphagocytic cells, additional experiments have to be realized to understand the relevance of intracellular localization in vivo. [fr] Staphylococcus aureus est souvent à l’origine de maladies chroniques. La récurrence de ce type d’infection peut être mise en relation avec la capacité qu’a S. aureus à pénétrer et survivre à l’intérieur des cellules non-phagocytaires. L’adhérence de S. aureus aux cellules-hôtes est essentielle à l’invasion de la bactérie et dépend, d’une part, des protéines de surface bactériennes capables de se lier à la fibronectine et, d’autre part, des intégrines α5β1 des cellules-hôtes. La pénétration de S. aureus à l’intérieur des cellules-hôtes nécessite l’activation de protéines tyrosine-kinases, impliquées dans l’initiation d’un signal intracellulaire et la polymérisation des microfilaments d’actine à la base d’un réarrangement du cytosquelette. À l’intérieur de la cellule-hôte, S. aureus est soit logé dans un endosome, soit libre dans le cytoplasme. Après avoir proliféré, S. aureus peut induire l’apoptose des cellules qu’il envahit, mais peut également persister dans les cellules sous forme de variants qui se caractérisent par une faible activité métabolique et une moindre virulence. Enfin, bien que S. aureus pénètre à l’intérieur de cellules non-phagocytaires, tant in vitro que chez l’animal, des études supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour déterminer l’impact d’une présence intracellulaire de S. aureus in vivo
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
Boulanger, Delphine; Université de Liège - ULiège
Bureau, Fabrice ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de sciences fonctionnelles > Biochimie et biologie moléculaire
Lekeux, Pierre ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de sciences fonctionnelles > Physiologie
Language :
French
Title :
Invasion intracellulaire des cellules non-phagocytaires par Staphylococcus aureus
Alternative titles :
[en] Intracellular invasion of Staphyloccocus aureus in nonphagocytic cells
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