Reference values of two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiographic measurements as a function of body size in various equine breeds and in ponies.

Al-Haidar, Ali; Moula, Nassim; Leroux, Aurélia; Farnir, Frédéric; Deleuze, Stefan; Sandersen, Charlotte; Amory, Hélène

doi:10.1016/j.jvc.2017.08.008

Article (Scientific journals)

Reference values of two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiographic measurements as a function of body size in various equine breeds and in ponies.

Al-Haidar, Ali; Moula, Nassim; Leroux, Aurélia et al.

2017 • In Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

Peer reviewed

Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2268/215094

DOI
10.1016/j.jvc.2017.08.008

PubMed
29111285

Files (1)Send to Details Statistics Bibliography Similar publications

Files

Full Text

jvc_487.pdf

Author postprint (782.56 kB)

Request a copy

All documents in ORBi are protected by a user license.

Send to

RIS BibTex APA Chicago Permalink X Linkedin

Details

Keywords :

Diagnostic imaging; Equine breeds; Body weight; Echocardiography; Thoracic circumference

Abstract :

[en] Introduction: The aim of this study was to establish echocardiographic reference values for the equine species using allometric regression equations based on body weight (BW) and thoracic circumference (TC). Animals: A total of 239 horses or ponies were studied, including 65 warmbloods, 33 Standardbreds, 41 Thoroughbreds, 32 Arabian horses, 28 draft horses and 40 ponies aged from 1 day to 30 years, weighing from 18 to 890 kg, with no evidence of cardiac disease. Methods: For each horse or pony, a two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography was performed. Within each breed, the relationships between BW or TC and echocardiographic dimensions were examined using power regression equations. Predictions and their 95% prediction intervals were calculated for the echocardiographic measurements. Results: Within each breed, all echocardiographic measurements showed a significant and positive relationship with a high coefficient of determination for the estimation of the regression equations using BW and TC as the main explanatory variables. Breed-specific power regression equations as well as the 95% prediction intervals were calculated for each echocardiographic measurement as a function of BW and TC. Conclusions: In the future, the body size-corrected and breed-specific echocardiographic reference values calculated in the present study could be used to discriminate between normal and abnormal values in a given animal.

Research center :

FARAH - Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health - ULiège

Disciplines :

Veterinary medicine & animal health
Cardiovascular & respiratory systems

Author, co-author :

Al-Haidar, Ali

Moula, Nassim ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Scientifiques attachés au Doyen (F MV)

Leroux, Aurélia ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Dép. clinique des animaux de compagnie et des équidés (DCA) > Médecine interne des équidés

Farnir, Frédéric ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des productions animales (DPA) > Biostatistiques et bioinformatique appliquées aux sc. vétér.

Deleuze, Stefan ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Dép. clinique des animaux de compagnie et des équidés (DCA) > Obstét. et path. de la reprod. des anim. de comp. et équidés

Sandersen, Charlotte ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Dép. clinique des animaux de compagnie et des équidés (DCA) > Anesthésiologie et réanimation vétérinaires

Amory, Hélène ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Dép. clinique des animaux de compagnie et des équidés (DCA) > Médecine interne des équidés

Language :

English

Title :

Reference values of two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiographic measurements as a function of body size in various equine breeds and in ponies.

Publication date :

2017

Journal title :

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

ISSN :

1760-2734

eISSN :

1875-0834

Publisher :

Elsevier, Netherlands

Peer reviewed :

Peer reviewed

Additional URL :

https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvc.2017.08.008

Available on ORBi :

since 16 October 2017

Statistics

Number of views

120 (22 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

13 (7 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

Bibliography

Patteson, M.W., Gibbs, C., Wotton, P.R., Cripps, P.J., Echocardiographic measurements of cardiac dimensions and indices of cardiac function in normal adult thoroughbred horses. Equine Vet J Suppl 19 (1995), 18–27.
Reef, V.B., Bain, F.T., Spencer, P.A., Severe mitral regurgitation in horses: clinical, echocardiographic and pathological findings. Equine Vet J 30 (1998), 18–27.
Kriz, N.G., Rose, R.J., Repeatability of standard transthoracic echocardiographic measurements in horses. Aust Vet J 80 (2002), 362–370.
Marr, C.M., Patteson, M., Echocardiography. Marr, C.M., Bowen, M.E., (eds.) Cardiology of the Horse, 2010, Saunders Elsevier, London, 105–126.
Boon, J.A., Evaluation of size, function, and hemodynamics. Boon, J.A., (eds.) Veterinary Echocardiography, 2011, Wiley-Blackwell, Ames, Iowa, 153–256.
Brown, D.J., Rush, J.E., MacGregor, J., Ross, J.N.J., Brewer, B., Rand, W.M., M-mode echocardiographic ratio indices in normal dogs, cats, and horses: a novel quantitative method. J Vet Intern Med 17 (2003), 653–662.
Sisson, D., Schaeffer, D., Changes in linear dimensions of the heart, relative to body weight, as measured by M-mode echocardiography in growing dogs. Am J Vet Res 52 (1991), 1591–1596.
Kampmann, C., Wiethoff, C.M., Wenzel, A., Stolz, G., Betancor, M., Wippermann, C.F., Huth, R.G., Habermehl, P., Knuf, M., Emschermann, T., Stopfkuchen, H., Normal values of M-mode echocardiographic measurements of more than 2000 healthy infants and children in central Europe. Heart 83 (2000), 667–672.
Gonçalves, A.C., Orton, E.C., Boon, J.A., Salman, M.D., Linear, logarithmic, and polynomial models of M-mode echocardiographic measurements in dogs. Am J Vet Res 63 (2002), 994–999.
Cornell, C.C., Kittleson, M.D., Della Torre, P., Häggström, J., Lombard, C.W., Pedersen, H.D., Vollmar, A., Wey, A., Allometric scaling of M-mode cardiac measurements in normal adult dogs. J Vet Intern Med 18 (2004), 311–321.
Dewey, F.E., Rosenthal, D., Murphy, D.J., Froelicher, V.F., Ashley, E.A., Does size matter ?: Clinical applications of scaling cardiac size and function for body size. Circulation 117 (2008), 2279–2287.
Chaturvedi, N., Athanassopoulos, G., McKeigue, P.M., Marmot, M.G., Nihoyannopoulos, P., Echocardiographic measures of left ventricular structure and their relation with rest and ambulatory blood pressure in blacks and whites in the United Kingdom. J Am Coll Cardiol 24 (1994), 1499–1505.
Vörös, K., Hetyey, C., Reiczigel, J., Czirok, G.N., M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiographic reference values for three Hungarian dog breeds: Hungarian Vizsla, Mudi and Hungarian Greyhound. Acta Vet Hung 57 (2009), 217–227.
Lauer, M.S., Larson, M.G., Levy, D., Gender-specific reference M-mode values in adults: population-derived values with consideration of the impact of height. J Am Coll Cardiol 26 (1995), 1039–1046.
Gutgesell, H.P., Rembold, C.M., Growth of the human heart relative to body surface area. Am J Cardiol 65 (1990), 662–668.
Lonsdale, R.A., Labuc, R.H., Robertson, I.D., Echocardiographic parameters in training compared with non-training greyhounds. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 39 (1998), 325–330.
Armstrong, W.F., Ryan, T., Echocardiography in systemic disease and clinical problem solving. Armstrong, W.F., Ryan, T., (eds.) Feigenbaum's Echocardiography, 2010, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 741–775.
Young, L.E., Cardiac responses to training in 2-year-old Thoroughbreds: an echocardiographic study. Equine Vet J 30 (1999), 195–198.
Buhl, R., Ersbøll, A.K., Eriksen, L., Koch, J., Changes over time in echocardiographic measurements in young Standardbred racehorses undergoing training and racing and association with racing performance. J Am Vet Med Assoc 226 (2005), 1881–1887.
Lombard, C.W., Evans, M., Martin, L., Tehrani, J., Blood pressure, electrocardiogram and echocardiogram measurements in the growing pony foal. Equine Vet J 16 (1984), 342–347.
Stewart, J.H., Rose, R.J., Barko, A.M., Echocardiography in foals from birth to three months old. Equine Vet J 16 (1984), 332–341.
Lescure, F., Tamzali, Y., Valeurs de référence en échocardiographie TM chez le cheval de sport (pur sang anglais – cheval de selle français). Rev Med Vet 135 (1984), 405–418.
Slater, J.D., Herrtage, M.E., Echocardiographic measurements of cardiac dimensions in normal ponies and horses. Equine Vet J Suppl 19 (1995), 28–32.
Bakos, Z., Vörös, K., Jarvinen, T., Reiczigel, J., Two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiographic measurements of cardiac dimensions in healthy Standardbred Trotters. Acta Vet Hung 50 (2002), 273–282.
Al-Haidar, A., Leroux, A., Borde, L., Deleuze, S., Cerri, S., Farnir, F., Sandersen, C., Amory, H., Relationship between echocardiographic measurements and body size in horses. J Equine Vet Sci 33 (2013), 107–114.
Rovira, S., Munoz, A., Two-dimensional- and M-mode echocardiographic measurements and indices of cardiac function in Spanish Colts and Fillies of different age. J Vet Med Sci 71 (2009), 957–964.
Zucca, E., Ferrucci, F., Croci, C., Di Fabio, V., Zaninelli, M., Ferro, E., Echocardiographic measurements of cardiac dimensions in normal Standardbred racehorses. J Vet Cardiol 10 (2008), 45–51.
Rovira, S., Muñoz, A., Rodilla, V., Allometric scaling of echocardiographic measurements in healthy Spanish foals with different body weight. Res Vet Sci 86 (2009), 325–331.
Henneke, D.R., Potter, G.D., Kreider, J.L., Yeates, B.F., Relationship between condition score, physical measurements and body fat percentage in mares. Equine Vet J 15 (1983), 371–372.
Staniar, W.B., Kronfeld, D.S., Hoffman, R.M., Wilson, J.A., Harris, P.A., Weight prediction from linear measures of growing Thoroughbreds. Equine Vet J 36 (2004), 149–154.
Long, K.J., Bonagura, J.D., Darke, P.G., Standardised imaging technique for guided M-mode and Doppler echocardiography in the horse. Equine Vet J 24 (1992), 226–235.
Thomas, W.P., Gaber, C.E., Jacobs, G.J., Kaplan, P.M., Lombard, C.W., Moise, N.S., Moses, B.L., Recommendations for standards in transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography in the dog and cat. Echocardiography Committee of the Specialty of Cardiology, American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. J Vet Intern Med 7 (1993), 247–252.
Stadler, P., Rewel, A., Deegen, E., M-mode echocardiography in dressage horses, class S jumping horses and untrained horses. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A 40 (1993), 292–306.
Amory, H., Bertrand, P., Delvaux, V., Sandersen, C., Doppler echocardiographic reference values in healthy donkeys. 2004, International Veterinary Information Service, Ithaca, New York, USA http://www.ivis.org.
Paull, K., Wingfield, W., Bertone, J., Boon, J.A., Echocardiographic changes with endurance training. Gillespie, J., Robinson, N.E.E., (eds.) Equine Exercise Physiology, 1987, Calif: ICEEP Publications, Davis, 34–40.
Bayón, A., Fernández del Palacio, M.J., Montes, A.M., Gutiérrez Panizo, C., M-mode echocardiography study in growing Spanish mastiffs. J Small Anim Pract 35 (1994), 473–479.
Neilan, T.G., Pradhan, A.D., King, E.M., Weyman, A.E., Derivation of a size-independent variable for scaling of cardiac dimensions in a normal paediatric population. Eur J Echocardiogr 10 (2009), 50–55.
Cunningham, S.M., Rush, J.E., Freeman, L.M., Brown, D.J., Smith, C.E., Echocardiographic ratio indices in overtly healthy Boxer dogs screened for heart disease. J Vet Intern Med 22 (2008), 924–930.
Hall, D.J., Cornell, C.C., Crawford, S., Brown, D.J., Meta-analysis of normal canine echocardiographic dimensional data using ratio indices. J Vet Cardiol 10 (2008), 11–23.
Al Haidar, A., Farnir, F., Deleuze, S., Sandersen, C.F., Leroux, A.A., Borde, L., Cerri, S., Amory, H., Effect of breed, sex, age and body weight on echocardiographic measurements in the Equine Species. Res Vet Sci 95 (2013), 255–260.