Weitzman I, Summerbell RC. The dermatophytes. Clin Microbiol Rev 1995; 8: 240–259.
Taylor JW. One fungus= one name: DNA and fungal nomenclature twenty years after PCR. IMA Fungus 2011; 2: 113–120.
Hawksworth DL, Crous PW, Redhead SA et al. The Amsterdam declaration on fungal nomenclature. IMA Fungus 2011; 2: 105–112.
Cafarchia C, Iatta R, Latrofa MS et al. Molecular epidemiology, phylogeny and evolution of dermatophytes. Infect Genet Evol 2013; 20: 336–351.
Monod M, Fratti M, Mignon B et al. Dermatophytes transmis par les animaux domestiques. Rev Med Suisse 2014; 10: 749–753.
Ahmadi B, Mirhendi H, Makimura K et al. Phylogenetic analysis of dermatophyte species using DNA sequence polymorphism in calmodulin gene. Med Mycol 2016; 54: 500–514.
Symoens F, Jousson O, Planard C et al. Molecular analysis and mating behaviour of the Trichophyton mentagrophytes species complex. Inter J Med Micro 2011; 301: 260–266.
Symoens F, Jousson O, Packeu A et al. The dermatophyte species Arthroderma benhamiae: intraspecies variability and mating behaviour. J Med Micro 2013; 62: 377–385.
Drouot S, Mignon B, Fratti M et al. Pets as the main source of two zoonotic species of the Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex in Switzerland, Arthroderma vanbreuseghemii and Arthroderma benhamiae. Vet Dermatol 2009; 20: 13–18.
Sieklucki U, Oh SH, Hoyer LL. Frequent isolation of Arthroderma benhamiae from dogs with dermatophytosis. Vet Dermatol 2014; 25: 39-e14.
Gräser Y, Kuijpers A, El Fari M et al. Molecular and conventional taxonomy of the Microsporum canis complex. Med Mycol 2000; 38: 143–153.
Gräser Y, Scott J, Summerbell R. The new species concept in dermatophytes—a polyphasic approach. Mycopathologia 2008; 166: 239–256.
Sharma R, De Hoog S, Presber W et al. A virulent genotype of Microsporum canis is responsible for the majority of human infections. J Med Microbiol 2007; 56: 1,377–1,385.
De Hoog GS, Chaturvedi V, Denning DW et al. Name changes in medically important fungi and their implications for clinical practice. J Clin Microbiol 2015; 53: 1,056–1,062.
Philpot CM, Berry AP. The normal fungal flora of dogs. Mycopathologia 1984; 87: 155–157.
Moriello KA, DeBoer DJ. Fungal flora of the coat of pet cats. Am J Vet Res 1991; 52: 602–606.
Moriello KA, Deboer DJ. Fungal flora of the haircoat of cats with and without dermatophytosis. J Med Vet Mycol 1991; 29: 285–292.
Meason-Smith C, Diesel A, Patterson AP et al. What is living on your dog's skin? Characterization of the canine cutaneous mycobiota and fungal dysbiosis in canine allergic dermatitis. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2015; 91: fiv139.
Meason-Smith C, Diesel A, Patterson AP et al. Characterization of the cutaneous mycobiota in healthy and allergic cats using next generation sequencing. Vet Dermatol 2016; 28: 71-e17.
Hoffmann AR, Patterson AP, Diesel A et al. The skin microbiome in healthy and allergic dogs. PLoS ONE 2014; 9: e83197.
Scott DW, Miller WH, Erb HN. Feline dermatology at Cornell University: 1407 cases (1988–2003). J Feline Med Surg 2013; 15: 307–316.
Scott DW, Paradis M. A survey of canine and feline skin disorders seen in a university practice: Small Animal Clinic, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec (1987–1988). Can Vet J 1990; 31: 830.
Hill P, Lo A, Eden CA et al. Survey of the prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of dermatological conditions in small animal general practice. Vet Rec 2006; 158: 533–539.
O'Neill D, Church D, McGreevy P et al. Prevalence of disorders recorded in cats attending primary-care veterinary practices in England. Vet J 2014; 202: 286–291.
Hobi S, Linek M, Marignac G et al. Clinical characteristics and causes of pruritus in cats: a multicentre study on feline hypersensitivity-associated dermatoses. Vet Dermatol 2011; 22: 406–413.
Sierra P, Guillot J, Jacob H et al. Fungal flora on cutaneous and mucosal surfaces of cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus or feline leukemia virus. Am J Vet Res 2000; 61: 158–161.
Mancianti F, Giannelli C, Bendinelli M et al. Mycological findings in feline immunodeficiency virus-infected cats. J Med Vet Mycol 1992; 30: 257–259.
Mignon B, Losson B. Prevalence and characterization of Microsporum canis carriage in cats. J Med Vet Mycology 1997; 35: 249–256.
Vogelnest L. Cutaneous xanthomas with concurrent demodicosis and dermatophytosis in a cat. Aust Vet J 2001; 79: 470–475.
Preziosi DE, Goldschmidt MH, Greek JS et al. Feline pemphigus foliaceus: a retrospective analysis of 57 cases. Vet Dermatol 2003; 14: 313–321.
Irwin KE, Beale KM, Fadok VA. Use of modified ciclosporin in the management of feline pemphigus foliaceus: a retrospective analysis. Vet Dermatol 2012; 23: 403–e476.
Olivry T, Power H, Woo J et al. Anti-isthmus autoimmunity in a novel feline acquired alopecia resembling pseudopelade of humans. Vet Dermatol 2000; 11: 261–270.
Zur G, White SD. Hyperadrenocorticism in 10 dogs with skin lesions as the only presenting clinical signs. J Amer An Hosp Assoc 2011; 47: 419–427.
Chen C, Su B. Concurrent hyperadrenocorticism in a minature schnauzer with severe Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection. Vet Dermatol 2002; 13: 211–229.
Hall E, Miller W, Medleau L. Ketoconazole treatment of generalized dermatophytosis in a dog with hyperadrenocorticism. J Amer An Hosp Assoc 1984; 20: 597–602.
MacKay B, Johnstone I, OBoyle D et al. Severe dermatophyte infections in a dog and cat. Aust Vet Pract 1997; 27: 86–90.
Cerundolo R. Generalized Microsporum canis dermatophytosis in six Yorkshire terrier dogs. Vet Dermatol 2004; 15: 181–187.
Angarano D, Scott D. Use of ketoconazole in treatment of dermatophytosis in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1987; 1: 434.
Lewis DT, Foil CS, Hosgood G. Epidemiology and clinical features of dermatophytosis in dogs and cats at Louisiana State University: 1981–1990. Vet Dermatol 1991; 2: 53–58.
Jaham Cd, Page N, Lambert A et al. Enilconazole emulsion in the treatment of dermatophytosis in Persian cats: tolerance and suitability. In: Kwochka KW, Willemse T, Von Tscharner C, eds. Advances in Veterinary Dermatology, volume 3. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, 1998; 299–307.
Colombo S, Cornegliani L, Vercelli A. Efficacy of itraconazole as a combined continuous/pulse therapy in feline dermatophytosis: preliminary results in nine cases. Vet Dermatol 2001; 12: 347–350.
Paterson S. Miconazole/chlorhexidine shampoo as an adjunct to systemic therapy in controlling dermatophytosis in cats. J Small An Pract 1999; 40: 163–166.
Vlaminck K, Engelen M. An overview of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in the development of itraconazole for feline Microsporum canis dermatophytosis. In: Hillier A, Foster AP, Kwochka KW eds. Advances in Veterinary Dermatology, volume 5. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2005; 130–136.
Kaplan W, Ajello L. Oral treatment of spontaneous ringworm in cats with griseofulvin. J Amer Vet Med Assoc 1959; 135: 253–261.
Kaplan W, Ajello L. Therapy of spontaneous ringworm in cats with orally administered griseofulvin. AMA Arch of Derm 1960; 81: 714–723.
Zimmerman K, Feldman B, Robertson J et al. Dermal mass aspirate from a Persian cat. Vet Clin Pathol 2003; 32: 213–217.
Bond R, Pocknell A, Toze C. Pseudomycetoma caused by Microsporum canis in a Persian cat: lack of response to oral terbinafine. J Small Anim Pract 2001; 42: 557–560.
Black SS, Abemethy TE, Tyler JW et al. Intra-abdominal dermatophytic pseudomycetoma in a Persian cat. J Vet Intern Med 2001; 15: 245–248.
Yager J, Wilcock B, Lynch J et al. Mycetoma-like granuloma in a cat caused by Microsporum canis. J Comp Pathol 1986; 96: 171–176.
Kano R, Edamura K, Yumikura H et al. Confirmed case of feline mycetoma due to Microsporum canis. Mycoses 2009; 52: 80–83.
Chang SC, Liao JW, Shyu CL et al. Dermatophytic pseudomycetomas in four cats. Vet Dermatol 2011; 22: 181–187.
de Oliveira Nobre M, Mueller EN, Tillmann MT et al. Disease progression of dermatophytic pseudomycetoma in a Persian cat. Rev Iberoam Micol 2010; 27: 98–100.
Nuttall T, German A, Holden S et al. Successful resolution of dermatophyte mycetoma following terbinafine treatment in two cats. Vet Dermatol 2008; 19: 405–410.
Thian A, Woodgyer A, Holloway S. Dysgonic strain of Microsporum canis pseudomycetoma in a Domestic Long-hair cat. Aust Vet J 2008; 86: 324–328.
Cafarchia C, Romito D, Sasanelli M et al. The epidemiology of canine and feline dermatophytoses in southern Italy. Mycoses 2004; 47: 508–513.
Bergman RL, Medleau L, Hnilica K et al. Dermatophyte granulomas caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes in a dog. Vet Dermatol 2002; 13: 51–54.
Abramo F, Vercelli A, Mancianti F. Two cases of dermatophytic pseudomycetoma in the dog: an immunohistochemical study. Vet Dermatol 2001; 12: 203–207.
Yokoi S, Sekiguchi M, Kano R et al. Dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum infection in a dog. Japanese J Vet Dermatol 2010; 16: 211–215.
Brilhante R, Cavalcante C, Soares-Junior F et al. High rate of Microsporum canis feline and canine dermatophytoses in Northeast Brazil: epidemiological and diagnostic features. Mycopathologia 2003; 156: 303–308.
Muller A, Guaguère E, Degorce-Rubiales F et al. Dermatophytosis due to Microsporum persicolor: a retrospective study of 16 cases. Can Vet J 2011; 52: 385–388.
Bond R, Middleton D, Scarff D et al. Chronic dermatophytosis due to Microsporum persicolor infection in three dogs. J Small Anim Pract 1992; 33: 571–576.
Carlotti DN, Bensignor E. Dermatophytosis due to Microsporum persicolor (13 cases) or Microsporum gypseum (20 cases) in dogs. Vet Dermatol 1999; 10: 17–27.
Ogawa H, Summerbell R, Clemons K et al. Dermatophytes and host defence in cutaneous mycoses. Med Mycol 1997; 36: 166–173.
DeBoer DJ, Moriello KA. Development of an experimental model of Microsporum canis infection in cats. Vet Microbiol 1994; 42: 289–295.
La Touche C. Griseofulvin in natural and experimental infections in cats and chinchillas. Trans St Johns Hosp Dermatol Soc 1959; 45: 19–27.
Zurita J, Hay RJ. Adherence of dermatophyte microconidia and arthroconidia to human keratinocytes in vitro. J Invest Dermatol 1987; 89: 529–534.
Vermout S, Tabart J, Baldo A et al. Pathogenesis of dermatophytosis. Mycopathologia 2008; 166: 267–275.
Baldo A, Monod M, Mathy A et al. Mechanisms of skin adherence and invasion by dermatophytes. Mycoses 2012; 55: 218–223.
Esquenazi D, Alviano CS, de Souza W et al. The influence of surface carbohydrates during in vitro infection of mammalian cells by the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum. Res Microbiol 2004; 155: 144–153.
Baldo A, Tabart J, Vermout S et al. Secreted subtilisins of Microsporum canis are involved in adherence of arthroconidia to feline corneocytes. J Med Microbiol 2008; 57: 1152–1156.
Baldo A, Mathy A, Tabart J et al. Secreted subtilisin Sub3 from Microsporum canis is required for adherence to but not for invasion of the epidermis. Br J Dermatol 2010; 162: 990–997.
Aljabre S, Richardson M, Scott E et al. Dormancy of Trichophyton mentagrophytes arthroconidia. J Med Vet Mycol 1992; 30: 409–412.
Duek L, Kaufman G, Ulman Y et al. The pathogenesis of dermatophyte infections in human skin sections. J Infect 2004; 48: 175–180.
Keep J. The epidemology and control of Microsporum canis bodin in a cat community. Aust Vet J 1959; 35: 374–378.
DeBoer DJ, Moriello KA, Blum JL et al. Safety and immunologic effects after inoculation of inactivated and combined live-inactivated dermatophytosis vaccines in cats. Am J Vet Res 2002; 63: 1,532–1,537.
Lechenne B, Reichard U, Zaugg C et al. Sulphite efflux pumps in Aspergillus fumigatus and dermatophytes. Microbiology 2007; 153: 905–913.
Grumbt M, Monod M, Yamada T et al. Keratin degradation by dermatophytes relies on cysteine dioxygenase and a sulfite efflux pump. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 133: 1550–1555.
Grando S, Herron M, Dahl M et al. Binding and uptake of Trichophyton rubrum mannan by human epidermal keratinocytes: a time-course study. Acta Derm Venereol 1992; 72: 273–276.
Dahl MV. Suppression of immunity and inflammation by products produced by dermatophytes. J Am Acad Dermatol 1993; 28: S19–S23.
Mignon B, Tabart J, Baldo A et al. Immunization and dermatophytes. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2008; 21: 134–140.
Sparkes AH, Gruffydd-Jones TJ, Stokes CR. Acquired immunity in experimental feline Microsporum canis infection. Res Vet Sci 1996; 61: 165–168.
DeBoer DJ, Moriello KA. Humoral and cellular immune responses to Microsporum canis in naturally occurring feline dermatophytosis. J Med Vet Mycol 1993; 31: 121–132.
DeBoer DJ, Moriello KA. Investigations of a killed dermatophyte cell-wall vaccine against infection with Microsporum canis in cats. Res Vet Sci 1995; 59: 110–113.
Frymus T, Gruffydd-Jones T, Pennisi MG et al. Dermatophytosis in cats ABCD guidelines on prevention and management. J Feline Med Surg 2013; 15: 598–604.
Guaguère E, Hubert B, Delabre C. Feline pododermatoses. Vet Dermatol 1992; 3: 1–12.
Polak K, Levy J, Crawford P et al. Infectious diseases in large-scale cat hoarding investigations. Vet Journal 2014; 201: 189–195.
Poisson L, Mueller R, Olivry T. Canine pustular dermatophytosis of the corneum mimicking pemphigus foliaceus. Prat Med Chir Anim Comp 1998; 33: 229–234.
Parker WM, Yager JA. Trichophyton dermatophytosis–a disease easily confused with pemphigus erythematosus. Can Vet J 1997; 38: 502–505.
Cornegliani L, Persico P, Colombo S. Canine nodular dermatophytosis (kerion): 23 cases. Vet Dermatol 2009; 20: 185–190.
Colombo S, Scarampella F, Ordeix L et al. Dermatophytosis and papular eosinophilic/mastocytic dermatitis (urticaria pigmentosa-like dermatitis) in three Devon Rex cats. J Feline Med Surg 2012; 14: 498–502.
Asawanonda P, Taylor CR. Wood's light in dermatology. Int J Dermatol 1999; 38: 801–807.
Kaplan W, Georg LK, Bromley CL. Ringworm in Cats caused by Microsporum gypseum. Vet Med 1957; 52: 347–349.
Kaplan W, Georg LK, Ajello L. Recent developments in animal ringworm and their public health implications. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1958; 70: 636–649.
Kano R, Yasuda K, Nakamura Y et al. Microsporum gypseum isolated from a feline case of dermatophytosis. Mycoses 2001; 44: 338–341.
Nardoni S, Mugnaini L, Papini R et al. Canine and feline dermatophytosis due to Microsporum gypseum: a retrospective study of clinical data and therapy outcome with griseofulvin. J Mycol Med 2013; 23: 164–167.
Wolf FT, Jones EA, Nathan HE. Fluorescent pigment of Microsporum. Nature 1958; 182: 475–476.
Wolf FT. Chemical nature of the fluorescent pigment produced in Microsporum-infected hair. Nature 1957; 180: 860–861.
Foresman A, Blank F. The location of the fluorescent matter in microsporon infected hair. Mycopathol Mycol Appl 1967; 31: 314–318.
Davidson AM, Gregory PH. Note on an investigation into the fluroresence of hairs infected by certain fungi. Can J Res 1932; 7: 378–385.
Davidson A, Gregory P. Kitten carriers of Microsporon felineum and their detection by the fluorescence test. Can Med Assoc J 1933; 29: 242–247.
Sparkes A, Gruffydd-Jones T, Shaw S et al. Epidemiological and diagnostic features of canine and feline dermatophytosis in the United Kingdom from 1956 to 1991. Vet Rec 1993; 133: 57–61.
Wright A. Ringworm in dogs and cats. J Small Anim Pract 1989; 30: 242–249.
Balda AC, Otsuka M, Larsson CE. A clinical trial using griseofulvin and terbinafine in the treatment of canine and feline dermatophytosis. Ciência Rural 2007; 37: 750–754.
Bryden SL. The failure of lufenuron and enilconazole to control dermatophytosis due to Microsporum canis infection in a Persian cattery. Vet Dermatol 2003; 14: 242 (Abstract).
Carlotti DN, Guinot P, Meissonnier E et al. Eradication of feline dermatophytosis in a shelter: a field study. Vet Dermatol 2010; 21: 259–266.
Chen C. The use of terbinafine for the treatment of dermatophytosis. Vet Dermatol 2000; 11 (Suppl. 1): 41 (Abstract).
Dubey A, Rode A, Dakshinkar N et al. Comparative efficacy of different fungal drugs in canine dermatophytosis. Ind J Can Prac 2015; 7: 120–123.
Collins G, Smith O. Ringworm in a Siamese Cattery. Can Vet J 1960; 1: 412–415.
Guillot J, Malandain E, Jankowski F et al. Evaluation of the efficacy of oral lufenuron combined with topical enilconazole for the management of dermatophytosis in catteries. Vet Rec 2002; 150: 714–718.
Castañón-Olivares L, Manzano-Gayosso P, López-Martínez R et al. Effectiveness of terbinafine in the eradication of Microsporum canis from laboratory cats. Mycoses 2001; 44: 95–97.
Dawson CO, Noddle BM. Treatment of Microsporum canis ringworm in a cat colony. J Small Anim Pract 1968; 9: 613–620.
DeBoer DJ, Moriello KA. Inability of two topical treatments to influence the course of experimentally induced dermatophytosis in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1995; 207: 52–57.
DeBoer DJ, Moriello KA, Blum JL et al. Effects of lufenuron treatment in cats on the establishment and course of Microsporum canis infection following exposure to infected cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2003; 222: 1,216–1,220.
DeBoer D, Moriello K, Volk L et al. Lufenuron does not augment effectiveness of terbinafine for treatment of Microsporum canis infections in a feline model. In: Hillier A, Foster AP, Kwochka KW eds. Advances in Veterinary Dermatology, volume 5, 2005; Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 123–129
Hnilica KA, Medleau L. Evaluation of topically applied enilconazole for the treatment of dermatophytosis in a Persian cattery. Vet Dermatol 2002; 13: 23–28.
Kotnik T, Kožuh Eržen N, Kužner J et al. Terbinafine hydrochloride treatment of Microsporum canis in experimentally-induced ringworm in cats. Vet Micro 2001; 83: 161–168.
Mancianti F, Dabizzi S, Nardoni S. A lufenuron pre-treatment may enhance the effects of enilconazole or griseofulvin in feline dermatophytosis? J Feline Med Surg 2009; 11: 91–95.
Mancianti F, Pedonese F, Millanta F et al. Efficacy of oral terbinafine in feline dermatophytosis due to Microsporum canis. J Feline Med Surg 1999; 1: 37–41.
Mancianti F, Nardoni S, Corazza M et al. Environmental detection of Microsporum canis arthrospores in the households of infected cats and dogs. J Feline Med Surg 2003; 5: 323–328.
HD M, Hepler D, Larson K. Effectiveness of a topical antifungal agent (clotrimazole) in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1981; 179: 163–165.
Mancianti F, Pedonese F, Zullino C. Efficacy of oral administration of itraconazole to cats with dermatophytosis caused by Microsporum canis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 213: 993–995.
Medleau L, Chalmers S. Ketoconazole for treatment of dermatophytosis in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1992; 200: 77–78.
Moriello KA, DeBoer DJ. Efficacy of griseofulvin and itraconazole in the treatment of experimentally induced dermatophytosis in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1995; 207: 439–444.
Moriello KA, Deboer DJ, Schenker R et al. Efficacy of pre-treatment with lufenuron for the prevention of Microsporum canis infection in a feline direct topical challenge model. Vet Dermatol 2004; 15: 357–362.
Moriello KA, Verbrugge M. Changes in serum chemistry values in shelter cats treated with 21 consecutive days of oral itraconazole for dermatophytosis. Vet Dermatol 2013; 24: 557–558.
Moriello K, Coyner K, Trimmer A et al. Treatment of shelter cats with oral terbinafine and concurrent lime sulphur rinses. Vet Dermatol 2013; 24: 618–620, e149-150.
Mugnaini L, Nardoni S, Pinto L et al. In vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of some essential oils against feline isolates of Microsporum canis. J Mycol Med 2012; 22: 179–184.
Nam H-S, Kim T-Y, Han S-H et al. Evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of medical shampoo containing terbinafine hydrochloride and chlorhexidine in dogs with dermatophytosis complicated with bacterial infection. J Biomed Res 2013; 14: 154–159.
Nardoni S, Costanzo AG, Mugnaini L et al. An open-field study comparing an essential oil-based shampoo with miconazole/chlorhexidine for hair coat disinfection in cats with spontaneous microsporiasis. J Feline Med Surg 2016: 1098612X15625709.
Newbury S, Moriello K, Verbrugge M et al. Use of lime sulphur and itraconazole to treat shelter cats naturally infected with Microsporum canis in an annex facility: an open field trial. Vet Dermatol 2007; 18: 324–331.
Newbury S, Moriello KA, Kwochka KW et al. Use of itraconazole and either lime sulphur or Malaseb Concentrate Rinse (R) to treat shelter cats naturally infected with Microsporum canis: an open field trial. Vet Dermatol 2011; 22: 75–79.
Newbury S, Moriello K, Coyner K et al. Management of endemic Microsporum canis dermatophytosis in an open admission shelter: a field study. J Feline Med Surg 2015; 17: 342–347.
Orozim E. Treatment of Microsporum canis infected cats with terbinafine. Preliminary study. Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Pannonica Adriat 1998; 7: 157–163.
O'Sullivan J. Griseofulvin treatment in experimental Microsporum canis infection in the cat. Med Mycol 1962; 1: 103–107.
Ramadinha RR, Reis RK, Campos SG et al. Lufenuron no tratamento da dermatofitose em gatos? Pesqui Vet Bras 2010; 30: 132–138.
Sparkes A, Robinson A, MacKay A et al. A study of the efficacy of topical and systemic therapy for the treatment of feline Microsporum canis infection. J Feline Med Surg 2000; 2: 135–142.
Thomsett L. Microsporum canis infection in cats treated with griseofulvin. Br J Dermatol 1962; 74: 66–71.
Weib VR. The treatment of Microsporum-infected cats using ketoconazole and enilconazole. Kleintierpraxis 1983; 28: 433–437.
De Keyser H, Van Den Brande M. Ketoconazole in the treatment of dermatomycosis in cats and dogs. Vet Q 1983; 5: 142–144.
Mason K, Frost A, O'Boyle D et al. Treatment of a Microsporum canis infection in a colony of Persian cats with griseofulvin and a shampoo containing 2% miconazole, 2% chlorhexidine, 2% miconazole and chlorhexidine or placebo. Vet Dermatol 2000; 12(Suppl 1): 55 (Abstract).
Millanta F, Pedonese F, Mancianti F. Relationship between in vivo and in vitro activity of terbinafine against Microsporum canis infection in cats. J Mycol Med 2000; 10: 30–33.
Sonoda M, Balda AC, Otsuka M et al. Use of lufenuron in the therapy of canine and feline dermatophytosis in São Paulo (Brazil). Vet Dermatol 2004; 15(Suppl 1): 45 (Abstract).
Mihaylov G, Petrov V, Zhelev G. Comparative investigation on several protocols for treatment of dermatophytosis in pets. Trakia J Sciences 2008; 6: 102–105.
Scarampella F, Zanna G, Peano A et al. Dermoscopic features in 12 cats with dermatophytosis and in 12 cats with self-induced alopecia due to other causes: an observational descriptive study. Vet Dermatol 2015; 26: 282-e63.
Kurtdede A, Ural K, Gazyagci S et al. Usage of inactivated Microsporum canis vaccine in cats naturally infected with M. canis. Mikologia Lekarska 2007; 14: 19–21.
Moriello KA, DeBoer DJ, Greek J et al. The prevalence of immediate and delayed type hypersensitivity reactions to Microsporum canis antigens in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2003; 5: 161–166.
DeBoer D, Moriello K. The immune response to Microsporum canis induced by a fungal cell wall vaccine. Vet Dermatol 1994; 5: 47–55.
Caplan RM. Medical uses of the Wood's lamp. JAMA 1967; 202: 1,035–1,038.
Kligman AM. The pathogenesis of tinea capitis due to Microsporum audouini and Microsporum canis. J Invest Dermatol 1952; 18: 231–246.
Keep JM. The viability of Microsporum canis on isolated cat hair. Aust Vet J 1960; 36: 277–278.
Hill BH. Ringworm diseases affecting the cat. NZ Vet J 1956; 4: 157–160.
Newbury S, Moriello KA. Feline dermatophytosis: steps for investigation of a suspected shelter outbreak. J Feline Med Surg 2014; 16: 407–418.
Moriello K. Feline dermatophytosis aspects pertinent to disease management in single and multiple cat situations. J Feline Med Surg 2014; 16: 419–431.
Zanna G, Auriemma E, Arrighi S et al. Dermoscopic evaluation of skin in healthy cats. Vet Dermatol 2015; 26: 14–17, e3–4.
Dong C, Angus J, Scarampella F et al. Evaluation of dermoscopy in the diagnosis of naturally occurring dermatophytosis in cats. Vet Dermatol 2016; 27: 275–e65.
Hughes R, Chiaverini C, Bahadoran P et al. Corkscrew hair: a new dermoscopic sign for diagnosis of tinea capitis in black children. Arch Dermatol 2011; 147: 355–356.
Dasgupta T, Sahu J. Origins of the KOH technique. Clin Dermatol 2012; 30: 238–242.
Achten G. The use of detergents for direct mycologic examination. J Invest Dermatol 1956; 26: 389–397.
Robert R, Pihet M. Conventional methods for the diagnosis of dermatophytosis. Mycopathologia 2008; 166: 295–306.
Georg LK. The diagnosis of ringworm in animals. Vet Med 1954; 49: 157–166.
Taschdjian CL. Fountain pen ink as an aid in mycologic technic. J Invest Dermatol 1955; 24: 77–80.
Haldane DJ, Robart E. A comparison of calcofluor white, potassium hydroxide, and culture for the laboratory diagnosis of superficial fungal infection. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1990; 13: 337–339.
Sparks A, Werret G, Stokes C et al. Improved sensitivity in the diagnosis of dermatophytosis by fluorescence microscopy whith calcofluor white. Vet Rec 1994; 134: 307–308.
Colombo S, Cornegliani L, Beccati M et al. Comparison of two sampling methods for microscopic examination of hair shafts in feline and canine dermatophytosis. Veterinaria (Cremona) 2010; 24: 27–33.
Carroll H. Evaluation of dermatophyte test medium for diagnosis of dermatophytosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1974; 165: 192–195.
Mackenzie D. “Hairbrush diagnosis” in detection and eradication of non-fluorescent scalp ringworm. Br Med J 1963; 2: 363–365.
Goldberg H. Brush technique in animals: finding contact sources of fungus diseases. Arch Dermatol 1965; 92: 103.
Bourdeau P, Costiou F, Peron C. P-10 Comparison of carpet and toothbrush methods for the detection of asymptomatic carriage of dermatophytes in cats. Vet Dermatol 2004; 15 (Suppl1): 44 (Abstract).
Di Mattia DMM, Fondati A, Peano A. Comparison of two plating procedures of samples obtained by toothbrush technique to diagnose feline dermatophytosis. Vet Dermatol 2015; 26: 305 (Abstract).
Taplin D, Zaias N, Rebell G et al. Isolation and recognition of dermatophytes on a new medium (DTM). Arch Dermatol 1969; 99: 203–209.
Salkin I. Dermatophyte test medium: evaluation with nondermatophytic pathogens. Appl Microbiol 1973; 26: 134–137.
Sinski JT, Swanson JR, Kelley LM. Dermatophyte test medium: clinical and quantitative appraisal. J Invest Dermatol 1972; 58: 405–411.
Guillot J, Latie L, Deville M et al. Evaluation of the dermatophyte test medium RapidVet-D. Vet Dermatol 2001; 12: 123–127.
Moriello KA, Verbrugge MJ, Kesting RA. Effects of temperature variations and light exposure on the time to growth of dermatophytes using six different fungal culture media inoculated with laboratory strains and samples obtained from infected cats. J Feline Med Surg 2010; 12: 988–990.
Kaufmann R, Blum SE, Elad D et al. Comparison between point-of-care dermatophyte test medium and mycology laboratory culture for diagnosis of dermatophytosis in dogs and cats. Vet Dermatol 2016; 27: 284–e68.
Moriello KA, DeBoer DJ. Dermatophytosis. In: Kirk's Current Veterinary Therapy XV. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2013; 449–451.
Faggi E, Pini G, Campisi E et al. Application of PCR to distinguish common species of dermatophytes. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39: 3382–3385.
Nardoni S, Franceschi A, Mancianti F. Identification of Microsporum canis from dermatophytic pseudomycetoma in paraffin-embedded veterinary specimens using a common PCR protocol. Mycoses 2007; 50: 215–217.
Bernhardt A, von Bomhard W, Antweiler E et al. Molecular identification of fungal pathogens in nodular skin lesions of cats. Med Mycol 2015; 53: 132–144.
Cafarchia C, Gasser RB, Figueredo LA et al. An improved molecular diagnostic assay for canine and feline dermatophytosis. Med Mycol 2013; 51: 136–143.
Dąbrowska I, Dworecka-Kaszak B, Brillowska-Dąbrowska A. The use of a one-step PCR method for the identification of Microsporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection of pets. Acta Biochim Pol 2014; 61: 375–378.
Fairley R. The histological lesions of Trichophyton mentagrophytes var erinacei infection in dogs. Vet Dermatol 2001; 12: 119–122.
Peters J, Scott DW, Erb HN et al. Comparative analysis of canine dermatophytosis and superficial pemphigus for the prevalence of dermatophytes and acantholytic keratinocytes: a histopathological and clinical retrospective study. Vet Dermatol 2007; 18: 234–240.
Yamada C, Amada C, Ono K et al. Trichophyton rubrum infection in a dog. Jpn J Med Mycol 1991; 32: 67–71.
Russell P. A century of fungicide evolution. J Agric Sci 2005; 143: 11–25.
Wilcoxon F, McCallan S. The fungicidal action of sulphur: I. The alleged role of pentathionic Acid. Phytopathology 1930; 20: 391–417.
Lin AN, Reimer RJ, Carter DM. Sulfur revisited. J Am Acad Dermatol 1988; 18: 553–558.
White-Weithers N, Medleau L. Evaluation of topical therapies for the treatment of dermatophyte-infected hairs from dogs and cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1995; 31: 250–253.
Moriello KA, Deboer DJ, Volk LM et al. Development of an in vitro, isolated, infected spore testing model for disinfectant testing of Microsporum canis isolates. Vet Dermatol 2004; 15: 175–180.
Moriello KA, Verbrugge M. Use of isolated infected spores to determine the sporocidal efficacy of two commercial antifungal rinses against Microsporum canis. Vet Dermatol 2007; 18: 55–58.
Diesel A, Verbrugge M, Moriello KA. Efficacy of eight commercial formulations of lime sulphur on in vitro growth inhibition of Microsporum canis. Vet Dermatol 2011; 22: 197–201.
Moriello KA, Newbury S. Recommendations for the management and treatment of dermatophytosis in animal shelters. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2006; 36: 89–114, vi.
Moriello KA. Kennel Disinfectants for Microsporum canis and Trichophyton sp. Vet Med Int 2015; 2015: 853937
Moriello KA. In vitro efficacy of shampoos containing miconazole, ketoconazole, climbazole or accelerated hydrogen peroxide against Microsporum canis and Trichophyton species. J Feline Med Surg 2016. pii: 1098612X15626197
Perrins N, Bond R. Synergistic inhibition of the growth in vitro of Microsporum canis by miconazole and chlorhexidine. Vet Dermatol 2003; 14: 99–102.
Perrins N, Howell S, Moore M et al. Inhibition of the growth in vitro of Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton erinacei and Microsporum persicolor by miconazole and chlorhexidine. Vet Dermatol 2005; 16: 330–333.
McDonnell G, Russell AD. Antiseptics and disinfectants: activity, action, and resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999; 12: 147–179.
Bakkali F, Averbeck S, Averbeck D et al. Biological effects of essential oils–a review. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46: 446–475.
Lang G, Buchbauer G. A review on recent research results (2008–2010) on essential oils as antimicrobials and antifungals. A review. Flavour Fragr J 2012; 27: 13–39.
Zuzarte M, Gonçalves M, Canhoto J et al. Antidermatophytic activity of essential oils. Chem Biodivers 2011; 8: 924–936.
Nardoni S, Giovanelli S, Pistelli L et al. In vitro activity of twenty commercially available, plant-derived essential oils against selected dermatophyte species. Nat Prod Commun 2015; 10: 1,473–1,478.
Nardoni S, Tortorano A, Mugnaini L et al. Susceptibility of Microsporum canis arthrospores to a mixture of chemically defined essential oils: a perspective for environmental decontamination. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 2015; 70: 15–24.
Načeradská M, Fridrichová M, Kellnerová D et al. Antifungal effects of the biological agent Pythium oligandrum observed in vitro. J Feline Med Surg 2016:1098612X16658690.
Borgers M, Xhonneux B, Cutsem J. Oral itraconazole versus topical bifonazole treatment in experimental dermatophytosis. Mycoses 1993; 36: 105–115.
Matusevičius A, Ivaškien M, Špakauskas V et al. The effect of locally applied creams E-1 and T-1 on the healthy skin of laboratory animals. Vet Med Zoo 2012; 79: 49–55.
Bossche HV, Koymans L, Moereels H. P450 inhibitors of use in medical treatment: focus on mechanisms of action. Pharmacol Ther 1995; 67: 79–100.
Willems L, Van der Geest R, De Beule K. Itraconazole oral solution and intravenous formulations: a review of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. J Clin Pharm Ther 2001; 26: 159–169.
Cauwenbergh G, Cutsem JV. Role of animal and human pharmacology in antifungal drug design. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1988; 544: 264–269.
Yoo SD, Kang E, Shin BS et al. Interspecies comparison of the oral absorption of itraconazole in laboratory animals. Arch Pharm Res 2002; 25: 387–391.
Mawby D, Whittemore JC, Genger S et al. Bioequivalence of orally administered generic, compounded, and iInnovator-formulated itraconazole in healthy dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2014; 28: 72–77.
Van Cauteren H, Heykants J, De Coster R et al. Itraconazole: pharmacologic studies in animals and humans. Rev Infect Dis 1987; 9(Suppl 1): S43–S46.
Legendre AM, Rohrbach BW, Toal RL et al. Treatment of blastomycosis with itraconazole in 112 dogs. J Vet Intern Med 1996; 10: 365–371.
Schubach TM, Schubach A, Okamoto T et al. Canine sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: clinical presentation, laboratory diagnosis and therapeutic response in 44 cases (1998–2003). Med Mycol 2006; 44: 87–92.
Nichols PR, Morris DO, Beale KM. A retrospective study of canine and feline cutaneous vasculitis. Vet Dermatol 2001; 12: 255–264.
Mercer J, White A, Kennis B. Successful management of cutaneous pythiosis in a dog with subsequent cutaneous vasculitis. Veterinary Record Case Reports 2014; 2: e000143.
Middleton S, Kubier A, Dirikolu L et al. Alternate-day dosing of itraconazole in healthy adult cats. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2016; 39: 27–31.
Liang C, Shan Q, Zhong J et al. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of itraconazole oral solution in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2016; 18: 310–314.
Boothe DM, Herring I, Calvin J et al. Itraconazole disposition after single oral and intravenous and multiple oral dosing in healthy cats. Am J Vet Res 1997; 58: 872–877.
Pereira S, Passos S, Silva J et al. Response to azolic antifungal agents for treating feline sporotrichosis. Vet Rec 2010; 166: 290–294.
Medleau L, Jacobs GJ, Marks MA. Itraconazole for the treatment of cryptococcosis in cats. J Vet Intern Med 1995; 9: 39–42.
Cutsem J. The In-vitro Antifungal Spectrum of Itraconazole. Mycoses 1989; 32: 7–13.
Van Cutsem J, Van Gerven F, Janssen P. Activity of orally, topically, and parenterally administered itraconazole in the treatment of superficial and deep mycoses: animal models. Rev Infect Dis 1987; 9(Suppl 1): S15–S32.
Mancianti F, Zullino C, Papini R. Itraconazole susceptibility of feline isolates of Microsporum canis. Mycoses 1997; 40: 313–315.
Brilhante RS, Cordeiro R, Medrano DJ et al. Antifungal susceptibility and genotypical pattern of Microsporum canis strains. Can J Microbiol 2005; 51: 507–510.
Cieslicki M. Itrafungol®, a new oral antimycotic drug for the therapy of Microsporum canis infections in the cat. Praktische Tierarzt Hannover 2004; 85: 548–554.
Van den Bossche H, Willemsens G, Cools W et al. In vitro and in vivo effects of the antimycotic drug ketoconazole on sterol synthesis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1980; 17: 922–928.
Tyle JH. Ketoconazole; mechanism of action, spectrum of activity, pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, adverse reactions and therapeutic use. Pharmacotherapy 1984; 4: 343–373.
Baxter JG, Brass C, Schentag JJ et al. Pharmacokinetics of ketoconazole administered intravenously to dogs and orally as tablet and solution to humans and dogs. J Pharm Sci 1986; 75: 443–447.
Grosso DS, Boyden TW, Pamenter RW et al. Ketoconazole inhibition of testicular secretion of testosterone and displacement of steroid hormones from serum transport proteins. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1983; 23: 207–212.
Willard M, Nachreiner R, Howard V et al. Effect of long-term administration of ketoconazole in cats. Am J Vet Res 1986; 47: 2,510–2,513.
Medleau L, Greene C, Rakich P. Evaluation of ketoconazole and itraconazole for treatment of disseminated cryptococcosis in cats. Am J Vet Res 1990; 51: 1454–1458.
Bechter R, Schmid B. Teratogenicity in vitro—a comparative study of four antimycotic drugs using the whole-embryo culture system. Toxicol In Vitro 1987; 1: 11–15.
Willard M, Nachreiner R, McDonald R et al. Ketoconazole-induced changes in selected canine hormone concentrations. Am J Vet Res 1986; 47: 2504–2509.
Lim S, Sawyerr A, Hudson M et al. Short report: the absorption of fluconazole and itraconazole under conditions of low intragastric acidity. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1993; 7: 317–321.
Jezequel SG. Fluconazole: interspecies scaling and allometric relationships of pharmacokinetic properties. J Pharm Pharmacol 1994; 46: 196–199.
Craig AJ, Ramzan I, Malik R. Pharmacokinetics of fluconazole in cats after intravenous and oral administration. Res Vet Sci 1994; 57: 372–376.
Perea S, Fothergill AW, Sutton DA et al. Comparison of in vitro activities of voriconazole and five established antifungal agents against different species of dermatophytes using a broth macrodilution method. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39: 385–388.
Favre B, Hofbauer B, Hildering K-S et al. Comparison of in vitro activities of 17 antifungal drugs against a panel of 20 dermatophytes by using a microdilution assay. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:4,817–4,819.
Siqueira ER, Ferreira JC, Pedroso RS et al. Dermatophyte susceptibilities to antifungal azole agents tested in vitro by broth macro and microdilution methods. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2008; 50: 1–5.
Tan D, Seyyal A. Antifungal susceptibility testing to different antifungal agents to isolates of M canis from dogs. J An Vet Advan 2008; 7: 226–230.
Dokuzeylul B, Basaran-Kahraman B, Sigirci B et al. Dermatophytosis caused by a Chrysosporium species in two cats in Turkey: A case report. Vet Med 2013; 58: 633–636.
Petranyi G, Ryder NS, Stutz A. Allylamine derivatives: new class of synthetic antifungal agents inhibiting fungal squalene epoxidase. Science 1984; 224: 1,239–1,241.
Darkes MJ, Scott LJ, Goa KL. Terbinafine. Am J Clin Dermatol 2003; 4: 39–65.
Hofbauer B, Leitner I, Ryder N. In vitro susceptibility of Microsporum canis and other dermatophyte isolates from veterinary infections during therapy with terbinafine or griseofulvin. Med Mycol 2002; 40: 179–183.
Petranyi G, Meingassner JG, Mieth H. Activity of terbinafine in experimental fungal infections of laboratory animals. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1987; 31: 1558–1561.
Sakai MR, May ER, Imerman PM et al. Terbinafine pharmacokinetics after single dose oral administration in the dog. Vet Dermatol 2011; 22: 528–534.
Williams MM, Davis EG, Kukanich B. Pharmacokinetics of oral terbinafine in horses and greyhound dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34: 232–237.
Gimmler JR, White AG, Kennis RA et al. Determining canine skin concentrations of terbinafine to guide the treatment of Malassezia dermatitis. Vet Dermatol 2015; 26: 411–416. e95–96.
Jensen J. Clinical pharmacokinetics of terbinafine (Lamisil). Clin Exp Dermatol 1989; 14: 110–113.
Wang A, Ding H, Liu Y et al. Single dose pharmacokinetics of terbinafine in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2012; 14: 540–544.
Eržen NK, Kužner J, Drobnič-Košorok M. The development of the method for the determination of terbinafine in cat's plasma and hair. Pflügers Archiv 2000; 440: r168–r170.
Foust AL, Marsella R, Akucewich LH et al. Evaluation of persistence of terbinafine in the hair of normal cats after 14 days of daily therapy. Vet Dermatol 2007; 18: 246–251.
Kotnik T, Černe M. Clinical and histopathological evaluation of terbinafine treatment in cats experimentally infected with Microsporum canis. Acta Veterinaria Brno 2006; 75: 541–547.
Kotnik T. Treatment with terbinafine of experimentally infected cats with M. canis: tolerability and side effects of the drug. Slov Vet Res 2000; 37: 67–76.
Kotnik T. Drug efficacy of terbinafine hydrochloride (Lamisil®) during oral treatment of cats, experimentally infected with Microsporum canis. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2002; 49: 120–122.
QingHua W, ZhiJun Q, YiPeng J et al. Toxic effect of terbinafine hydrochloride by oral on liver and kidney of feline. Chinese J Vet Med 2010; 46: 19–21.
Rosales MS, Marsella R, Kunkle G et al. Comparison of the clinical efficacy of oral terbinafine and ketoconazole combined with cephalexin in the treatment of Malassezia dermatitis in dogs–a pilot study. Vet Dermatol 2005; 16: 171–176.
Berger DJ, Lewis TP, Schick AE et al. Comparison of once-daily versus twice-weekly terbinafine administration for the treatment of canine Malassezia dermatitis–a pilot study. Vet Dermatol 2012; 23: 418–e79.
Guillot J, Bensignor E, Jankowski F et al. Comparative efficacies of oral ketoconazole and terbinafine for reducing Malassezia population sizes on the skin of Basset Hounds. Vet Dermatol 2003; 14: 153–157.
Oxford AE, Raistrick H, Simonart P. Studies in the biochemistry of micro-organisms: griseofulvin, C17H17O6Cl, a metabolic product of Penicillium griseo-fulvum dierckx. Biochem J 1939; 33: 240–248.
Gupta AK, Sauder DN, Shear NH. Antifungal agents: an overview. Part I. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994; 30: 677–698.
McNall E. Biochemical studies on the metabolism of griseofulvin. AMA Archives of Dermatology 1960; 81: 657–661.
Grisham LM, Wilson L, Bensch KG. Antimitotic action of griseofulvin does not involve disruption of microtubules. Nature 1973; 244: 294–296.
Chiou WL, Riegelman S. Preparation and dissolution characteristics of several fast-release solid dispersions of griseofulvin. J Pharm Sci 1969; 58: 1,505–1,510.
Lin C, Symchowicz S. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of griseofulvin in man and animals. Drug Metab Rev 1975; 4: 75–95.
Chiou WL, Riegelman S. Oral absorption of griseofulvin in dogs: Increased absorption viasolid dispersion in polyethylene glycol 6000. J Pharm Sci 1970; 59: 937–942.
Shah VP, Riegelman S, Epstein WL. Determination of griseofulvin in skin, plasma, and sweat. J Pharm Sci 1972; 61: 634–636.
Odds FC, Brown AJ, Gow NA. Antifungal agents: mechanisms of action. Trends Microbiol 2003; 11: 272–279.
Sharpe HM, Tomich E. Studies in the toxicology of griseofulvin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1960; 2: 44–53.
Klein M, Beall J. Griseofulvin: a teratogenic study. Science 1972; 175: 1,483–1,484.
Scott F, De LaHunta A, Schultz R et al. Teratogenesis in cats associated with griseofulvin therapy. Teratology 1975; 11: 79–86.
Kunkle G, Meyer D. Toxicity of high doses of griseofulvin in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1987; 191: 322–323.
von Heimendahl A, England GCW, Sheldon IM. Influence of griseofulvin treatment on semen quality in the dog. Anim Reprod Sci 2004; 80: 175–181.
Helton K, Nesbitt G, Caciolo P. Griseofulvin toxicity in cats-literature review and report of 7 cases. J An Anim Hosp Assoc 1986; 22: 453–458.
Levy JK. Ataxia in a kitten treated with griseofulvin. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1991; 198: 105–106.
Rottman J, English R, Breitschwerdt EB et al. Bone marrow hypoplasia in a cat treated with griseofulvin. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1991; 198: 429–431.
Shelton GH, Grant CK, Linenberger ML et al. Severe neutropenia associated with griseofulvin therapy in cats with feline immunodeficiency virus infection. J Vet Intern Med 1990; 4: 317–319.
Brazzell JL, Weiss DJ. A retrospective study of aplastic pancytopenia in the dog: 9 cases (1996–2003). Vet Clin Pathol 2006; 35: 413–417.
Ben-Ziony Y, Arzi B. Use of lufenuron for treating fungal infections of dogs and cats: 297 cases (1997-1999). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2000; 217: 1,510–1,513.
Ben-Ziony Y, Arzi B. Updated information for treatment of fungal infections in cats and dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001; 218: 1,718 (Letter).
Ben ZY, Arzi B. Comments on dosing lufenuron. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2002; 221: 932 (Letter).
Cieslicki M. Clinical and microbiological efficacy of lufenuron in the treatment of dermatophytosis in cats. Kleintierpraxis 2005; 50: 575–580.
Gestel J, Engelen M. Comparative efficacy of lufenuron and itraconazole in a guinea pig model of cutaneous Microsporum canis. Vet Dermatol 2004; 15 (Suppl. 1): 20 (Abstract).
Zur G, Elad D. In vitro and in vivo Effects of lufenuron on dermatophytes isolated from cases of canine and feline dermatophytoses. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2006; 53: 122–125.
Rybnikář A, Vrzal V, Chumela J. Vaccination of dogs and calves against Microsporum canis. Acta Veterinaria Brno 1996; 65: 161–164.
Bredahl L, Bratberg A, Solbakk I et al. Efficacy of an experimental Microsporum canis vaccine in farmed foxes. Vet Dermatol 2000; 11 (Suppl 1): 39 (Abstract).
Wawrzkiewicz K, Sadzikowski Z, Ziółkowska G et al. Inactivated vaccine against Microsporum canis infection in cats. Med Weter 2000; 56: 245–250.
Chansiripornchai P, Suanpairintr N. Treatment of Microsporum canis infection in a cat using a fungal vaccine. Thai J Vet Med 2015; 45: 645–648.
Westhoff D, Kloes M, Orveillon F et al. Treatment of feline dermatophytosis with an inactivated fungal vaccine. Open Mycol J 2010; 4: 10–17.
Thomas P, Korting H, Strassl W et al. Microsporum canis infection in a 5-year-old boy: transmission from the interior of a second-hand car. Mycoses 1994; 37: 141–142.
Hashimoto T. Infectious propagules of dermatophytes. In: Cole GT, Hoch HC, eds. The Fungal Spore and Disease Initiation in Plants and Animals. New York: Springer, 1991; 181–202.
Nowicka D, Nawrot U, Włodarczyk K et al. Detection of dermatophytes in human nail and skin dust produced during podiatric treatments in people without typical clinical signs of mycoses. Mycoses 2016; 59: 379–382.
Segal E, Frenkel M. Dermatophyte infections in environmental contexts. Res Microbiol 2015; 166: 564–569.
Adams C, Athanasoula E, Lee W et al. Environmental and genetic factors on the development of onychomycosis. J Fungi 2015; 1: 211–216.
Blenkharn J. Airport dermatophytoses. Public Health 2008; 1: 292.
Yenişehirli G, Karat E, Bulut Y et al. Dermatophytes isolated from the mosques in Tokat, Turkey. Mycopathologia 2012; 174: 327–330.
Ilkit M, Tanır F, Hazar S et al. Epidemiology of tinea pedis and toenail tinea unguium in worshippers in the mosques in Adana, Turkey. J Dermatol 2005; 32: 698–704.
Hedayati MT, Afshar P, Shokohi T et al. A study on tinea gladiatorum in young wrestlers and dermatophyte contamination of wrestling mats from Sari, Iran. Br J Sports Med 2007; 41: 332–334.
Winge MC, Chryssanthou E, Wahlgren C-F. Combs and hair-trimming tools as reservoirs for dermatophytes in juvenile tinea capitis. Acta Derm Venereol 2009; 89: 536–537.
Meng J, Barnes C, Rosenwasser L. Identity of the fungal species present in the homes of asthmatic children. Clin Exp Allergy 2012; 1: 458.
Benedict K, Park BJ. Invasive fungal infections after natural disasters. Emerg Infect Dis 2014; 20: 349–355.
Hay RJ. How do dermatophytes survive in the epidermis? Curr Opin Infect Dis 2006; 19: 125–126.
Mancianti F, Papini R. Isolation of keratinophilic fungi from the floors of private veterinary clinics in Italy. Vet Res Commun 1996; 20: 161–166.
Oldenhoff W, Moriello KA. One year surveillance of the isolation of pathogenic dermatophyte spores from risk areas in a veterinary medical teaching hospital. Vet Dermatol 2013; 24: 474–475 (Letter).
Guirges S. Viability of Trichophyton schoenleinii in epilated hairs. Sabouraudia: J Med Vet Mycol 1981; 19: 155–156.
McPherson E. The influence of physical factors on dermatomycosis in domestic animals. Vet Rec 1957; 69: 1010–1013.
Rosenthal SA, Vanbreuseghem R. Viability of dermatophytes in epilated hairs. Arch Dermatol 1962; 85: 103–105.
Sparkes AH, Werrett G, Stokes CR et al. Microsporum canis: Inapparent carriage by cats and the viability of arthrospores. J Small Anim Pract 1994; 35: 397–401.
Moriello K. Dermatophytosis: decontamination recommendations. In: Little S, ed. August's Consultations in Feline Internal Medicine, volume 7. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2016; 317–326.
Moriello KA, Hondzo H. Efficacy of disinfectants containing accelerated hydrogen peroxide against conidial arthrospores and isolated infective spores of Microsporum canis and Trichophyton sp. Vet Dermatol 2014; 25: 191–194.
Moriello KA, DeBoer DJ. Environmental decontamination of Microsporum canis: in vitro studies using isolated infected cat hair. In: Kwochka KW, Willemse T, Von Tscharner C, eds. Advances in Veterinary Dermatology, volume 3. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, 1998; 309–318.
Moriello K, DeBoer D, Volk L. Determination of strain variability of Microsporum canis to disinfectants. Vet Dermatol 2002; 13: 211–229.
Rutala WA, Cole EC, Thomann CA et al. Stability and bactericidal activity of chlorine solutions. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1998; 19: 323–327.
Ziółkowska G, Tokarzewski S. Determination of antifungal activity of Enizol: a specific disinfecting preparation. Med Weter 2006; 62: 792–796.
Moriello K. Decontamination of carpet exposed to Microsporum canis hairs and spores. J Feline Med Surg 2016; pii: 1098612X16634390. [Epub ahead of print]
Moriello KA, Kunder D, Hondzo H. Efficacy of eight commercial disinfectants against Microsporum canis and Trichophyton spp. infective spores on an experimentally contaminated textile surface. Vet Dermatol 2013; 24: 621–e152.
Moriello KA. Decontamination of laundry exposed to Microsporum canis hairs and spores. J Feline Med Surg 2016; 18: 457–461.
Leaders MA, Calculator VS. Welfare Implications of Socialization of Puppies and Kittens. https://www.avma.org/KB/Resources/LiteratureReviews/Documents/socialization_puppies_kittens.pdf Accessed 14/01/2017
Turner DC. The human-cat relationship. The Domestic Cat: The Biology of its Behaviour, 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000; 194–206.
Heinrich K, Newbury S, Verbrugge M et al. Detection of environmental contamination with Microsporum canis arthrospores in exposed homes to and efficacy of the triple cleaning decontamination technique. Vet Dermatol 2005; 16: 205–206 (Abstract).
Stull JW, Stevenson KB. Zoonotic disease risks for immunocompromised and other high risk clients and staff: promoting safe pet ownership and contact. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2015; 45: 377–392.
Hemsworth S, Pizer B. Pet ownership in immunocompromised children—a review of the literature and survey of existing guidelines. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2006; 10: 117–127.
Stull JW, Peregrine AS, Sargeant JM et al. Household knowledge, attitudes and practices related to pet contact and associated zoonoses in Ontario, Canada. BMC Public Health 2012; 12: 1.
Pepin G, Oxenham M. Zoonotic dermatophytosis (ringworm). Vet Rec 1986; 118: 110–111.
Cafarchia C, Romito D, Capelli G et al. Isolation of Microsporum canis from the hair coat of pet dogs and cats belonging to owners diagnosed with M. canis tinea corporis. Vet Dermatol 2006; 17: 327–331.
Elad D. Immunocompromised patients and their pets: Still best friends? Vet J 2013; 197: 662–669.
Berg JC, Hamacher KL, Roberts GD. Pseudomycetoma caused by Microsporum canis in an immunosuppressed patient: a case report and review of the literature. J Cutan Pathol 2007; 34: 431–434.
Rouzaud C, Hay R, Chosidow O et al. Severe dermatophytosis and acquired or innate immunodeficiency: a review. J Fungi 2015; 2: 4.