Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Temperature/physiology; Dogs/physiology; Female; Hospitalization; Male; Prospective Studies; Stress, Physiological; axilla; behavior; body temperature; ear; rectum; thermometers
Abstract :
[en] OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy and associated induced stress response of axillary, auricular, and rectal thermometry in hospitalized dogs. DESIGN: Prospective observational study from October 2011 to February 2012. SETTING: University veterinary teaching hospital. ANIMALS: Two hundred fifty hospitalized dogs. All hospitalized dogs were considered eligible unless their condition precluded measurement at one of the designated sites. INTERVENTIONS: A veterinary auricular infrared device for auricular temperature (OT) and an electronic predictive thermometer for rectal temperature (RT) and axillary temperature (AT) were used for temperature measurements. All recordings were obtained by the same investigator in a randomized fashion. Heart rate was noted before and immediately after each measurement. Stress behaviors (eg, vocalization, lip licking, shaking, panting, defensive behavior) were also recorded and graded from 0 (lowest) to 4 (highest). Signalment, analgesic therapy, and length of hospitalization were recorded. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: RT measurements were associated with greatest increase in heart rate (P < 0.05). Scores obtained for defensive behavior, lip licking, and vocalization were lowest with AT and highest with RT measurements (P < 0.05). Mean RT, AT, and OT were 38.0 degrees C (SD: 0.85 degrees C), 37.0 degrees C (SD: 0.99 degrees C), and 37.23 degrees C (SD: 1.0382 degrees C), respectively. AT and OT were moderately correlated with RT (r = 0.70 and r = 0.64, respectively). Gender (P = 0.02) and coat length (P = 0.03) had a significant influence on results. No effect of dehydration, body condition, analgesia, age, reproductive status, or operator experience was observed (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: AT and to a lesser extent OT are reliable, less stressful alternatives to estimate RT in dogs. Further studies are needed to evaluate these techniques in hyperthermic dogs, and to evaluate the use of AT and OT as monitoring tools in intensive care patients.
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
Gomart, Samantha B.
Allerton, Fergus J. W.
Gommeren, Kris ; Université de Liège > Dép. clinique des animaux de compagnie et des équidés (DCA) > Pathologie médicale des petits animaux
Language :
English
Title :
Accuracy of different temperature reading techniques and associated stress response in hospitalized dogs.
Publication date :
2014
Journal title :
Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care
ISSN :
1479-3261
eISSN :
1476-4431
Publisher :
Blackwell, Oxford, United Kingdom
Volume :
24
Issue :
3
Pages :
279-85
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Commentary :
(c) Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society 2014.
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