[en] We present a summary of the campaign of remote observations that supported the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission. Telescopes across the globe (and in space) followed comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from before Rosetta's arrival until nearly the end of the mission in September 2016. These provided essential data for mission planning, large-scale context information for the coma and tails beyond the spacecraft and a way to directly compare 67P with other comets. The observations revealed 67P to be a relatively `well-behaved' comet, typical of Jupiter family comets and with activity patterns that repeat from orbit to orbit. Comparison between this large collection of telescopic observations and the in situ results from Rosetta will allow us to better understand comet coma chemistry and structure. This work is just beginning as the mission ends-in this paper, we present a summary of the ground-based observations and early results, and point to many questions that will be addressed in future studies. This article is part of the themed issue 'Cometary science after Rosetta'.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Snodgrass, C. ; The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
A'Hearn, M. F. ; University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2421, USA
Aceituno, F.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
Afanasiev, V.; Special Astrophysical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Arkhyz, Russia
Bagnulo, S.; Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, UK
Bauer, J.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, M/S 183-401, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
Bergond, G.; Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán, Calar Alto, CSIC-MPG, Sierra de los Filabres-04550 Gérgal (Almería), Spain
Besse, S.; ESA/ESAC, PO Box 78, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain
Biver, N.; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Univ. Paris-Diderot, 5 Place J. Janssen, 92195 Meudon Pricipal Cedex, France
Bodewits, D.; University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2421, USA
Boehnhardt, H.; Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
Marchant, J.; Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK
McKay, A. J.; University of Texas Austin/McDonald Observatory, 1 University Station, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Astrochemistry Laboratory, Code 693.0, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
McNeill, A.; Queen's University, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
Meech, K. J. ; Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
Micheli, M.; ESA SSA-NEO Coordination Centre, Frascati (RM), Italy
Mohammed, I.; Caribbean Institute of Astronomy, Trinidad, West Indies
Monguió, M.; University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
Moreno, F.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
Muñoz, O.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
Mumma, M. J.; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Astrochemistry Laboratory, Code 693.0, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
Pozuelos Romero, Francisco José ; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain ; Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique, Université de Liège, allée du 6 Août 17, 4000 Liège, Belgium
Nikolov, P.; Institute of Astronomy and National Astronomical Observatory, 72 Tsarigradsko Chaussée Boulevard, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
Opitom, C.; Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique, Université de Liège, allée du 6 Août 17, 4000 Liège, Belgium ; European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile
Ortiz, J. L.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
Paganini, L.; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Astrochemistry Laboratory, Code 693.0, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
Pajuelo, M.; PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Univ. Lille, France ; Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Apartado 1761, Lima, Perú
Protopapa, S.; University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2421, USA
Pursimo, T.; Nordic Optical Telescope, Apartado 474, 38700 Santa Cruz de La Palma, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Rajkumar, B.; University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad, West Indies
Ramanjooloo, Y.; Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
Ramos, E.; Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán, Calar Alto, CSIC-MPG, Sierra de los Filabres-04550 Gérgal (Almería), Spain
Rosenbush, V.; Main Astronomical Observatory of National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, UKraine
Rousselot, P.; University of Franche-Comté, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers THETA, Institut UTINAM - UMR CNRS 6213, BP 1615, 25010 Besançon Cedex, France
Sen, A. K.; Assam University, Silchar 788011, India
Ryan, E. L.; SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Avenue Suite 200, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
Santos-Sanz, P.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
Schleicher, D. G.; Lowell Observatory, 1400 W. Mars Hill Road, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
Schmidt, M.; University Observatory, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Scheiner Strasse 1, 81679 Munich, Germany
Schulz, R.; Scientific Support Office, European Space Agency, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
Somero, A.; University of Turku, Väisäläntie 20, 21500 Piikkiö, Finland
Sota, A.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
Stinson, A.; Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, UK
Sunshine, J. M.; University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2421, USA
Thompson, A.; Queen's University, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
Tozzi, G. P.; INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50 125 Firenze, Italy
Tubiana, C.; Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
Villanueva, G. L.; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Astrochemistry Laboratory, Code 693.0, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
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Bonev, B. P.; American University, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016, USA
Wooden, D. H.; NASA Ames Research Center, MS 245-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, USA
Yagi, M.; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
Yang, B.; European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile
Zaprudin, B.; University of Turku, Väisäläntie 20, 21500 Piikkiö, Finland
Zegmott, T. J.; The University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK)
Borisov, G.; Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, UK ; Institute of Astronomy and National Astronomical Observatory, 72 Tsarigradsko Chaussée Boulevard, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
Carry, B.; Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Lagrange, France ; PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Univ. Lille, France
Casanova, V.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
Cochran, A.; University of Texas Austin/McDonald Observatory, 1 University Station, Austin, TX 78712, USA
Conn, B. C.; The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia ; Gemini Observatory, Recinto AURA, Colina El Pino s/n, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
Davidsson, B.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, M/S 183-401, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
Davies, J. K.; The UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK
de León, J.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), C/Vía Láctea s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Spain ; Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
de Mooij, E.; Queen's University, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
de Val-Borro, M.; Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA ; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Astrochemistry Laboratory, Code 693.0, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA ; The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
Delacruz, M.; Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
DiSanti, M. A.; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Astrochemistry Laboratory, Code 693.0, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
Drew, J. E.; University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
Duffard, R.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
Edberg, N. J. T.; Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Ångströmlaboratoriet, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
Faggi, S.; INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50 125 Firenze, Italy
Feaga, L.; University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2421, USA
Fitzsimmons, A.; Queen's University, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
Fujiwara, H.; Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 650 North A'ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
Gibb, E. L.; University of Missouri - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
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Green, S. F.; The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
Guijarro, A.; Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán, Calar Alto, CSIC-MPG, Sierra de los Filabres-04550 Gérgal (Almería), Spain
Guilbert-Lepoutre, A.; UMR 6213 CNRS-Université de Franche Comté, Besançon, France
Gutiérrez, P. J.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
Hoyo, F.; Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán, Calar Alto, CSIC-MPG, Sierra de los Filabres-04550 Gérgal (Almería), Spain
Hutsemekers, Damien ; Université de Liège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astroph. extragalactique et observations spatiales (AEOS)
Hyland, M.; Queen's University, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
Ivanova, O.; Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 05960 Tatranská Lomnica, Slovak Republic
Jehin, Emmanuel ; Université de Liège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Origines Cosmologiques et Astrophysiques (OrCa)
Jones, G. H. ; University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking RH5 6NT, UK ; The Centre for Planetary Sciences at UCL/Birkbeck, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
Keane, J. V.; Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
Kelley, M. S. P.; University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2421, USA
Kiselev, N.; Main Astronomical Observatory of National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, UKraine
Kleyna, J.; Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
Kluge, M.; University Observatory, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Scheiner Strasse 1, 81679 Munich, Germany
Knight, M. M.; University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2421, USA
Kokotanekova, R.; The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK ; Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
Koschny, D.; Research and Scientific Support Department, European Space Agency, 2201 Noordwijk, The Netherlands
Kramer, E. A.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, M/S 183-401, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
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Lacerda, P.; Queen's University, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
Lara, L. M.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
Lasue, J.; Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP-CNRS, Toulouse, France
Lehto, H. J.; University of Turku, Väisäläntie 20, 21500 Piikkiö, Finland
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