Article (Scientific journals)
Transcript profiles in longissimus dorsi muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue: A comparison of pigs with different postweaning growth rates
Pilcher, C. M.; Jones, C. K.; Schroyen, Martine et al.
2015In Journal of Animal Science, 93 (5), p. 2134-2143
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Keywords :
Pig; Postweaning growth; Transcriptional profiling
Abstract :
[en] Although most pigs recover rapidly from stresses associated with the transition of weaning,a portion of the population lags behind theircontemporaries in growth performance. The underlying biological and molecular mechanisms involved in postweaning differences in growth performance are poorly understood. The objective of this experiment was to use transcriptional profiling of skeletal muscleand adipose tissue to develop a better understanding of the metabolic basis for poor weaned-pig transition. A total of 1,054 pigs was reared in commercial conditions and weighed at birth, weaning, and 3 wk postweaning. Transition ADG (tADG) was calculatedas the ADG for the 3-wk period postweaning. Ninepigs from both the lowest 10th percentile (low tADG) and the 60th to 70th percentile (high tADG) were harvested at 3 wk postweaning. Differential expression analysis was conducted in longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) and subcutaneous adipose tissue using RNA-Seq methodology. In LM, 768 transcripts were differentially expressed (DE), 327 with higher expression in low tADG and 441 with higher expression in high tADG pigs (q < 0.10). Expression patterns measured in LM by RNA-Seq were verified in 30 of 32 transcripts using quantitative PCR. No DE transcripts were identified in adipose tissue. To identify biological functions potentially underlying the effects of tADG on skeletal muscle metabolism and physiology, functional annotation analysis of the DE transcripts was conducted using DAVID and Pathway Studio analytic tools. The group of DE genes with lower expression in LM of low tADG pigs was enriched in genes with functions related to muscle contraction, glucose metabolism, cytoskeleton organization, muscle development, and response to hormone stimulus (enrichment score > 1.3). The list of DE genes with higher expression in low tADG LM was enriched in genes with functions related to protein catabolism (enrichment score > 1.3). Analysis of known genegene interactions identified possible regulators of these differences in gene expression in LM of high and low tADG pigs; these include forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), growth hormone (GH1), and the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1). Differences in gene expression between poor transitioning pigs and their contemporaries indicate a shift to decreased protein synthesis, increased protein degradation, and reduced glucose metabolism in the LM of low tADG pigs. © 2015 American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved.
Disciplines :
Animal production & animal husbandry
Author, co-author :
Pilcher, C. M.;  Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, United States, Iowa State University, Ames, United States, Cargill Animal Nutrition, Brookville, OH, United States
Jones, C. K.;  Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, United States, Iowa State University, Ames, United States, Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, United States
Schroyen, Martine  ;  Université de Liège > Agronomie, Bio-ingénierie et Chimie (AgroBioChem) > Zootechnie
Severin, A. J.;  Office of Biotechnology, Genome Informatics Facility, Iowa State University, Ames, United States
Patience, J. F.;  Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, United States
Tuggle, C. K.;  Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, United States
Koltes, J. E.;  Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, United States
Title :
Transcript profiles in longissimus dorsi muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue: A comparison of pigs with different postweaning growth rates
Publication date :
2015
Journal title :
Journal of Animal Science
ISSN :
0021-8812
eISSN :
1525-3163
Publisher :
American Society of Animal Science
Volume :
93
Issue :
5
Pages :
2134-2143
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Available on ORBi :
since 24 April 2017

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