Ekstrand, J., Hagglund, M., Walden, M., Epidemiology of muscle injuries in professional football (soccer). Am J Sports Med 39:6 (2011), 1226–1232.
Edouard, P., Feddermann-Demont, N., Alonso, J.M., Branco, P., Junge, A., Sex differences in injury during top-level international athletics championships: surveillance data from 14 championships between 2007 and 2014. Br J Sports Med 49:7 (2015), 472–477, 10.1136/bjsports-2014-094316 [Epub 2015 Jan 24].
Mueller-Wohlfahrt, H.W., Haensel, L., Mithoefer, K., Ekstrand, J., English, B., McNally, S., et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med 47:6 (2013), 342–350.
Eirale, C., Farooq, A., Smiley, F.A., Tol, J.L., Chalabi, H., Epidemiology of football injuries in Asia: a prospective study in Qatar. J Sci Med Sport 16:2 (2013), 113–117.
Hagglund, M., Walden, M., Ekstrand, J., Injuries among male and female elite football players. Scand J Med Sci Sports 19:6 (2009), 819–827.
Brooks, J.H., Fuller, C.W., Kemp, S.P., Reddin, D.B., Epidemiology of injuries in English professional rugby union: part 1 match injuries. Br J Sports Med 39:10 (2005), 757–766.
Croisier, J.L., Factors associated with recurrent hamstring injuries. Sports Med 34:10 (2004), 681–695.
Orchard, J., Seward, H., Epidemiology of injuries in the Australian Football League, seasons 1997-2000. Br J Sports Med 36:1 (2002), 39–44.
Cross, T.M., Gibbs, N., Houang, M.T., Cameron, M., Acute quadriceps muscle strains: magnetic resonance imaging features and prognosis. Am J Sports Med 32:3 (2004), 710–719.
Brophy, R.H., Wright, R.W., Powell, J.W., Matava, M.J., Injuries to kickers in American football: the National Football League experience. Am J Sports Med 38:6 (2010), 1166–1173, 10.77/0363546509357836 [Epub 2010 Mar 2].
Orchard, J., James, T., Alcott, E., Carter, S., Farhart, P., Injuries in Australian cricket at first class level 1995/1996 to 2000/2001. Br J Sports Med 36:4 (2002), 270–274 [discussion 5].
Molsa, J., Airaksinen, O., Nasman, O., Torstila, I., Ice hockey injuries in Finland. A prospective epidemiologic study. Am J Sports Med 25:4 (1997), 495–499.
Tyler, T.F., Nicholas, S.J., Campbell, R.J., McHugh, M.P., The association of hip strength and flexibility with the incidence of adductor muscle strains in professional ice hockey players. Am J Sports Med 29:2 (2001), 124–128.
van Mechelen, W., Hlobil, H., Kemper, H.C., Voorn, W.J., de Jongh, H.R., Prevention of running injuries by warm-up, cool-down, and stretching exercises. Am J Sports Med 21:5 (1993), 711–719.
Orchard, J., Best, T.M., Verrall, G.M., Return to play following muscle strains. Clin J Sport Med 15:6 (2005), 436–441.
Brooks, J.H., Fuller, C.W., Kemp, S.P., Reddin, D.B., Incidence, risk, and prevention of hamstring muscle injuries in professional rugby union. Am J Sports Med 34:8 (2006), 1297–1306.
Ekstrand, J., Hagglund, M., Walden, M., Injury incidence and injury patterns in professional football: the UEFA injury study. Br J Sports Med 45:7 (2011), 553–558.
Hagglund, M., Walden, M., Ekstrand, J., Previous injury as a risk factor for injury in elite football: a prospective study over two consecutive seasons. Br J Sports Med 40:9 (2006), 767–772.
Fulton, J., Wright, K., Kelly, M., Zebrosky, B., Zanis, M., Drvol, C., et al. Injury risk is altered by previous injury: a systematic review of the literature and presentation of causative neuromuscular factors. Int J Sports Phys Ther 9:5 (2014), 583–595.
Arnason, A., Sigurdsson, S.B., Gudmundsson, A., Holme, I., Engebretsen, L., Bahr, R., Risk factors for injuries in football. Am J Sports Med 32:Suppl. 1 (2004), 5S–16S.
Henderson, G., Barnes, C.A., Portas, M.D., Factors associated with increased propensity for hamstring injury in English Premier League soccer players. J Sci Med Sport 13:4 (2010), 397–402.
Gabbe, B.J., Bennell, K.L., Finch, C.F., Wajswelner, H., Orchard, J.W., Predictors of hamstring injury at the elite level of Australian football. Scand J Med Sci Sports 16:1 (2006), 7–13.
Woods, C., Hawkins, R.D., Maltby, S., Hulse, M., Thomas, A., Hodson, A., The Football Association Medical Research Programme: an audit of injuries in professional football–analysis of hamstring injuries. Br J Sports Med 38:1 (2004), 36–41.
Gabbe, B.J., Bennell, K.L., Finch, C.F., Why are older Australian football players at greater risk of hamstring injury?. J Sci Med Sport 9:4 (2006), 327–333.
Prior, M., Guerin, M., Grimmer, K., An evidence-based approach to hamstring strain injury: a systematic review of the literature. Sports Health 1:2 (2009), 154–164.
Croisier, J.L., Ganteaume, S., Binet, J., Genty, M., Ferret, J.M., Strength imbalances and prevention of hamstring injury in professional soccer players: a prospective study. Am J Sports Med 36:8 (2008), 1469–1475.
Dauty, M., Potiron-Josse, M., Rochcongar, P., Consequences and prediction of hamstring muscle injury with concentric and eccentric isokinetic parameters in elite soccer players. Ann Readapt Med Phys 46:9 (2003), 601–606.
Croisier, J.L., Forthomme, B., Namurois, M.H., Vanderthommen, M., Crielaard, J.M., Hamstring muscle strain recurrence and strength performance disorders. Am J Sports Med 30:2 (2002), 199–203.
Yeung, S.S., Suen, A.M., Yeung, E.W., A prospective cohort study of hamstring injuries in competitive sprinters: preseason muscle imbalance as a possible risk factor. Br J Sports Med 43:8 (2009), 589–594.
Bradley, P.S., Portas, M.D., The relationship between preseason range of motion and muscle strain injury in elite soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 21:4 (2007), 1155–1159.
Witvrouw, E., Danneels, L., Asselman, P., D'Have, T., Cambier, D., Muscle flexibility as a risk factor for developing muscle injuries in male professional soccer players. A prospective study. Am J Sports Med 31:1 (2003), 41–46.
Bennell, K., Tully, E., Harvey, N., Does the toe-touch test predict hamstring injury in Australian Rules footballers?. Austr J Physiother 45:2 (1999), 103–109.
Orchard, J., Marsden, J., Lord, S., Garlick, D., Preseason hamstring muscle weakness associated with hamstring muscle injury in Australian footballers. Am J Sports Med 25:1 (1997), 81–85.
Freckleton, G., Pizzari, T., Risk factors for hamstring muscle strain injury in sport: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 47:6 (2013), 351–358.
Hennessey, L., Watson, A.W., Flexibility and posture assessment in relation to hamstring injury. Br J Sports Med 27:4 (1993), 243–246.
Devlin, L., Recurrent posterior thigh symptoms detrimental to performance in rugby union: predisposing factors. Sports Med 29:4 (2000), 273–287.
Cibulka, M.T., Rose, S.J., Delitto, A., Sinacore, D.R., Hamstring muscle strain treated by mobilizing the sacroiliac joint. Phys Ther 66:8 (1986), 1220–1223.
Opar, D.A., Williams, M.D., Shield, A.J., Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med 42:3 (2012), 209–226.
Garrett, W.E. Jr., Muscle strain injuries. Am J Sports Med 24:Suppl. 6 (1996), S2–S8.
Safran, M.R., Garrett, W.E. Jr., Seaber, A.V., Glisson, R.R., Ribbeck, B.M., The role of warmup in muscular injury prevention. Am J Sports Med 16:2 (1988), 123–129.
Hawkins, R.D., Fuller, C.W., A prospective epidemiological study of injuries in four English professional football clubs. Br J Sports Med 33:3 (1999), 196–203.
Heidt, R.S. Jr., Sweeterman, L.M., Carlonas, R.L., Traub, J.A., Tekulve, F.X., Avoidance of soccer injuries with preseason conditioning. Am J Sports Med 28:5 (2000), 659–662.
Mendiguchia, J., Alentorn-Geli, E., Idoate, F., Myer, G.D., Rectus femoris muscle injuries in football: a clinically relevant review of mechanisms of injury, risk factors and preventive strategies. Br J Sports Med 47:6 (2013), 359–366.
Mair, S.D., Seaber, A.V., Glisson, R.R., Garrett, W.E. Jr., The role of fatigue in susceptibility to acute muscle strain injury. Am J Sports Med 24:2 (1996), 137–143.
Thelen, D.G., Chumanov, E.S., Hoerth, D.M., Best, T.M., Swanson, S.C., Li, L., et al. Hamstring muscle kinematics during treadmill sprinting. Med Sci Sports Exerc 37:1 (2005), 108–114.
Pinniger, G.J., Steele, J.R., Groeller, H., Does fatigue induced by repeated dynamic efforts affect hamstring muscle function?. Med Sci Sports Exerc 32:3 (2000), 647–653.
Engebretsen, A.H., Myklebust, G., Holme, I., Engebretsen, L., Bahr, R., Intrinsic risk factors for hamstring injuries among male soccer players: a prospective cohort study. Am J Sports Med 38:6 (2010), 1147–1153.
Hagglund, M., Walden, M., Magnusson, H., Kristenson, K., Bengtsson, H., Ekstrand, J., Injuries affect team performance negatively in professional football: an 11-year follow-up of the UEFA Champions League injury study. Br J Sports Med 47:12 (2013), 738–742.
Hagglund, M., Walden, M., Ekstrand, J., Risk factors for lower extremity muscle injury in professional soccer: the UEFA Injury Study. Am J Sports Med 41:2 (2013), 327–335, 10.1177/0363546512470634 [Epub 2012 Dec 21].
Woods, C., Hawkins, R., Hulse, M., Hodson, A., The Football Association Medical Research Programme: an audit of injuries in professional football-analysis of preseason injuries. Br J Sports Med 36:6 (2002), 436–441 [discussion 41].
Orchard, J.W., Intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for muscle strains in Australian football. Am J Sports Med 29:3 (2001), 300–303.
Fousekis, K., Tsepis, E., Poulmedis, P., Athanasopoulos, S., Vagenas, G., Intrinsic risk factors of non-contact quadriceps and hamstring strains in soccer: a prospective study of 100 professional players. Br J Sports Med 45:9 (2011), 709–714.
Orchard, J., The ‘northern bias’ for injuries in the Australian Football League. Aust Turfgrass Manag 23 (2000), 36–42.
Hrysomallis, C., Hip adductors’ strength, flexibility, and injury risk. J Strength Cond Res 23:5 (2009), 1514–1517.
Ekstrand, J., Gillquist, J., Soccer injuries and their mechanisms: a prospective study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 15:3 (1983), 267–270.
Ibrahim, A., Murrell, G.A., Knapman, P., Adductor strain and hip range of movement in male professional soccer players. J Orthop Surg 15:1 (2007), 46–49.
Emery, C.A., Meeuwisse, W.H., Risk factors for groin injuries in hockey. Med Sci Sports Exerc 33:9 (2001), 1423–1433.
O'Connor, D., Groin injuries in professional rugby league players: a prospective study. J Sports Sci 22:7 (2004), 629–636.
van der Horst, N., Smits, D.W., Petersen, J., Goedhart, E.A., Backx, F.J., The preventive effect of the Nordic hamstring exercise on hamstring injuries in amateur soccer players: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Sports Med 43:6 (2015), 1316–1323.
Petersen, J., Thorborg, K., Nielsen, M.B., Budtz-Jorgensen, E., Holmich, P., Preventive effect of eccentric training on acute hamstring injuries in men's soccer: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Am J Sports Med 39:11 (2011), 2296–2303.
Delvaux, F., Rochcongar, P., Bruyere, O., Bourlet, G., Daniel, C., Diverse, P., et al. Return-to-play criteria after hamstring injury: actual medicine practice in professional soccer teams. J Sports Sci Med 13:3 (2014), 721–723.
Tyler, T.F., Nicholas, S.J., Campbell, R.J., Donellan, S., McHugh, M.P., The effectiveness of a preseason exercise program to prevent adductor muscle strains in professional ice hockey players. Am J Sports Med 30:5 (2002), 680–683.
Kaux, J.F., Hody, S., Delvaux, F., Forthomme, B., Le Goff, C., Massart, N., et al. The eccentric intervention for prevention: muscle and tendon aspects. Eur J Sports Med 1:2 (2014), 37–46.
Arnason, A., Andersen, T.E., Holme, I., Engebretsen, L., Bahr, R., Prevention of hamstring strains in elite soccer: an intervention study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 18:1 (2008), 40–48.
Brughelli, M., Mendiguchia, J., Nosaka, K., Idoate, F., Arcos, A.L., Cronin, J., Effects of eccentric exercise on optimum length of the knee flexors and extensors during the preseason in professional soccer players. Phys Ther Sport 11:2 (2010), 50–55.
Pope, R.P., Herbert, R.D., Kirwan, J.D., Graham, B.J., A randomized trial of preexercise stretching for prevention of lower-limb injury. Med Sci Sports Exerc 32:2 (2000), 271–277.
McHugh, M.P., Cosgrave, C.H., To stretch or not to stretch: the role of stretching in injury prevention and performances. Scand J Med Sci Sports 20:2 (2010), 169–181.
McCall, A., Davison, M., Andersen, T.E., Beasley, I., Bizzini, M., Dupont, G., et al. Injury prevention strategies at the FIFA 2014 World Cup: perceptions and practices of the physicians from the 32 participating national teams. Br J Sports Med 49:9 (2015), 603–608, 10.1136/bjsports-2015-094747.
Mendiguchia, J., Samozino, P., Martinez-Ruiz, E., Brughelli, M., Schmikli, S., Morin, J.B., et al. Progression of mechanical properties during on-field sprint running after returning to sports from a hamstring muscle injury in soccer players. Int J Sports Med 35:8 (2014), 690–695.