Mammifères; Rongeurs; Forêt; Régénération; Scatter-hoarding; Larder-hoarding; Prédation; Dissémination des graines
Abstract :
[fr] Introduction. La dispersion des diaspores constitue une interaction clé qui influence de nombreux processus écologiques utiles au maintien de la diversité des écosystèmes forestiers. Les rongeurs, considérés la plupart du temps comme prédateurs de diaspores, sont susceptibles de transporter, dissimuler et oublier les diaspores sur des distances considérables favorisant indirectement leur germination. Leur rôle sur la régénération des écosystèmes forestiers dépendra alors de différentes variables environnementales influençant leur comportement.
Littérature. La plupart des publications démontrent que les rongeurs agiraient au détriment des communautés végétales en consommant les diaspores de nombreuses espèces. Toutefois, en raison de la difficulté de définir leur patron de mouvement, l’impact réel des rongeurs sur la régénération est très peu documenté et probablement sous-estimé. Par la pratique du scatter-hoarding, le rôle des rongeurs pourrait s’avérer crucial, plus particulièrement dans les forêts où la grande faune est soumise à une chasse excessive.
Conclusions. Les forêts denses humides africaines sont localement fortement affectées par une importante défaunation, or le rôle des rongeurs y est très peu étudié. Afin de définir plus précisément celui-ci, il est suggéré de réaliser de nouvelles études sur les interactions qui existent entre les diaspores et les rongeurs par des méthodes ayant fait leurs preuves sur d’autres continents. [en] Introduction. Seed dispersal is a key interaction that influences a number of ecological processes that are important to the maintenance of diversity in forest ecosystems. Rodents, mainly considered as seed predators, can carry, hide and discard seeds, often transporting them over considerable distances from the parent tree and thus leading to an enhanced germination rate. The role of rodents on forest regeneration therefore depends upon several environmental variables influencing their behavior.
Literature. Many publications demonstrate that rodents are mostly seed predators for many species. Nevertheless, because it is hard to define their movement pattern, the role of rodents on regeneration could be underestimated. Through scatter-hoarding, rodents may play a crucial role, particularly in those forests where anthropogenic pressures have led to a reduction in the density of large mammals. However, very few studies have been conducted in African moist forests where defaunation can be high, and the role of rodents has been very poorly studied.
Conclusions. To understand the phenomenon, we suggest to further investigate the interactions between seeds and rodents by employing methods that have been commonly used on other continents.
Disciplines :
Environmental sciences & ecology
Author, co-author :
Evrard, Quentin ; Université de Liège > Ingénierie des biosystèmes (Biose) > Laboratoire de Foresterie des régions trop. et subtropicales
Haurez, Barbara ; Université de Liège > Ingénierie des biosystèmes (Biose) > Laboratoire de Foresterie des régions trop. et subtropicales
Doucet, Jean-Louis ; Université de Liège > Ingénierie des biosystèmes (Biose) > Laboratoire de Foresterie des régions trop. et subtropicales
Language :
French
Title :
Le rôle des rongeurs dans la dispersion des diaspores en milieu forestier (synthèse bibliographique)
Alternative titles :
[en] The role of rodents in the regeneration of forest ecosystems. A review.
Publication date :
February 2017
Journal title :
Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement
ISSN :
1370-6233
eISSN :
1780-4507
Publisher :
Presses Agronomiques de Gembloux, Gembloux, Belgium
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