Non-invasive approaches in the diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients, part II: omics analyses of urine and blood samples

[en] Kidney transplantation (KTx) represents the best available treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. Still, the full benefits of KTx are undermined by acute rejection (AR). The diagnosis of AR ultimately relies on transplant needle biopsy. However, such an invasive procedure is associated with a significant risk of complications and is limited by sampling error and interobserver variability. In the present review, we summarize the current literature about non-invasive approaches for the diagnosis of AR in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), including in vivo imaging, gene-expression profiling and omics analyses of blood and urine samples. Most imaging techniques, such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound and magnetic resonance, exploit the fact that blood flow is significantly lowered in case of AR-induced inflammation. In addition, AR-associated recruitment of activated leucocytes may be detectable by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. In parallel, urine biomarkers, including CXCL9/CXCL10 or a three-gene signature of CD3ε, CXCL10 and 18S RNA levels, have been identified. None of these approaches has yet been adopted in the clinical follow-up of KTRs, but standardization of analysis procedures may help assess reproducibility and comparative diagnostic yield in large, prospective, multicentre trials.

Disciplines :

Urology & nephrology
Radiology, nuclear medicine & imaging

Author, co-author :

Erpicum, Pauline ; Université de Liège > Département des sciences cliniques > Néphrologie

HANSSEN, Oriane ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Frais communs médecine - Pool assistants

WEEKERS, Laurent ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Service de néphrologie

LOVINFOSSE, Pierre ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Service médical de médecine nucléaire et imagerie onco

Meunier, Paul ; Université de Liège > Département des sciences cliniques > Département des sciences cliniques

TSHIBANDA, Luaba ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Service médical de radiodiagnostic

Krzesinski, Jean-Marie ; Université de Liège > Département des sciences cliniques > Néphrologie

Hustinx, Roland ; Université de Liège > Département des sciences cliniques > Médecine nucléaire

Jouret, François ; Université de Liège > Département des sciences cliniques > Néphrologie

Language :

English

Title :

Non-invasive approaches in the diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients, part II: omics analyses of urine and blood samples

Publication date :

2017

Journal title :

NDT Plus

ISSN :

1753-0784

eISSN :

1753-0792

Publisher :

Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom

Pages :

1-10

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 08 October 2016

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