Towards a large scale aqueous sol-gel synthesis of doped TiO2: Study of various metallic dopings for the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

[en] In this paper, an easy aqueous sol-gel synthesis developed previously by Mahy et al. [J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. (2016)] is adapted to produce highly active TiO2 catalysts doped with Fe3+, Ag+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cr3+, Al3+, Mn2+, and Co2+ ions and Pt metallic nanoparticles. Samples are characterized by inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy measurements. Results show that the samples are composed of anatase-brookite TiO2 nanoparticles with a spherical shape and mean diameter of around 5-8 nm and a surface area of between about 150 - 250 m2 g-1. In each doped sample, the dopant is present in the form added during the synthesis, given that the sample has not undergone any particular treatment. Photoactivity tests show improvement in catalyst activity for Fe3+, Ag+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Al3+ ion and Pt metallic nanoparticle dopants, while a decrease of activity is obtained for Cr3+, Mn2+ and Co2+ ion dopants. For some dopants, the activity of TiO2 doped with metallic ions and synthesized from the aqueous sol-gel process is equal or superior to the activity of the commercial photocatalyst Degussa P25. Some mechanisms are proposed to explain these modifications of activity with doping. Furthermore, cost comparison at laboratory scale showed that Zn and Cu nitrate salt dopings are clearly less expensive for a halogen light (UV/visible) or low energy light enhanced catalyst and may be considered for industrial applications. Using this method, a large scale Zn-doped TiO2 photocatalyst is synthesized with properties homologous to the lab-scale product. Results show that the aqueous sol-gel synthesis developed previously can be easily adapted for doping in order to produce an up-scalable synthesis.

Disciplines :

Materials science & engineering
Chemical engineering

Author, co-author :

Mahy, Julien ; Université de Liège > Department of Chemical Engineering > Génie chimique - Procédés et développement durable

Lambert, Stéphanie ; Université de Liège > Department of Chemical Engineering > Department of Chemical Engineering

Léonard, Géraldine ; Université de Liège > Department of Chemical Engineering > Génie chimique - Nanomatériaux et interfaces

Zubiaur, Anthony ; Université de Liège > Department of Chemical Engineering > Department of Chemical Engineering

Olu, Pierre-Yves

Mahmoud, Abdelfattah ; Université de Liège > Département de chimie (sciences) > LCIS - GreenMAT

Boschini, Frédéric ; Université de Liège > Plateforme APTIS

Heinrichs, Benoît ; Université de Liège > Department of Chemical Engineering > Génie chimique - Nanomatériaux et interfaces

Language :

English

Title :

Towards a large scale aqueous sol-gel synthesis of doped TiO2: Study of various metallic dopings for the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

Publication date :

01 October 2016

Journal title :

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry

ISSN :

1010-6030

Publisher :

Elsevier Science, Lausanne, Switzerland

Volume :

329

Pages :

189-202

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 04 July 2016

Statistics

Number of views

174 (44 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

20 (18 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

OpenAlex citations

publications

supporting

mentioning

contrasting

Smart Citations

Citing PublicationsSupportingMentioningContrasting

View Citations

See how this article has been cited at scite.ai

scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.

Bibliography

[1] Mahy, J.G., Léonard, G.L.-M., Pirard, S., Wicky, D., Daniel, A., Archambeau, C., Heinrichs, B., J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 2016, 10.1007/s10971-016-4020-5 (in press).
[2] Mills, A., Le Hunte, S., J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. 108 (1997), 1–35.
[3] Di Paola, A., García-López, E., Marcì, G., Palmisano, L., J. Hazard. Mater. 211-212 (2012), 3–29.
[4] a. Rauf, M., Ashraf, S.S., Chem. Eng. J. 151 (2009), 10–18.
[5] Fujishima, A., Hashimoto, K., Watanabe, T., TiO2 Photocat. Fund. Appl., 1999.
[6] Linsebigler, A.L., Lu, G., Yates, J.T., Chem. Rev. 95 (1995), 735–758.
[7] Hoffmann, M.R., Martin, S.T., Choi, W., Bahnemann, D.W., Chem. Rev. 95 (1995), 69–96.
[8] Carp, O., Huisman, C.L., Reller, A., Prog. Solid State Chem. 32 (2004), 33–177.
[9] Malengreaux, C.M., Douven, S., Poelman, D., Heinrichs, B., Bartlett, J.R., J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 71 (2014), 557–570.
[10] Malengreaux, C.M., Léonard, G.M.-L., Pirard, S.L., Cimieri, I., Lambert, S.D., Bartlett, J.R., Heinrichs, B., Chem. Eng. J. 243 (2014), 537–548.
[11] Braconnier, B., a. Páez, C., Lambert, S., Alié, C., Henrist, C., Poelman, D., Pirad, J.-P., Cloost, R., Heinrichs, B., Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 122 (2009), 247–254.
[12] Tasseroul, L., Pirard, S.L., Lambert, S.D., Páez, C.A., Poelman, D., Pirard, J.P., Heinrichs, B., Chem. Eng. J. 191 (2012), 441–450.
[13] Antonelli, D.M., Ying, J.Y., Angew. Chemie Int. Ed. English. 34 (1995), 2014–2017.
[14] Anderson, C., Bard, A.J., J. Phys. Chem. 99 (1995), 9882–9885.
[15] Gratzel, M., J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 22 (2001), 7–13.
[16] Brinker, G.W., JeffreyScherer, C., Sol-gel Science: the Physics and Chemistry of Sol-gel Processing. 2016, Academic press, 2013.
[17] Kapusuz, D., Park, J., Ozturk, A., Ceramics International 41 (2015), 12788–12797.
[18] Malengreaux, C.M., Timmermans, A., Pirard, S.L., Lambert, S.D., Pirard, J.-P., Poelman, D., Heinrichs, B., Chem. Eng. J. 195-196 (2012), 347–358.
[19] Schubert, U., J. Mater. Chem., 15, 2005, 3701.
[20] Khalil, K.M.S., El-Khatib, R.M., Ali, T.T., Mahmoud, H.A., Elsamahy, A.A., Powder Technol. 245 (2013), 156–162.
[21] Leyva-Porras, C., Toxqui-Teran, A., Vega-Becerra, O., Miki-Yoshida, M., Rojas-Villalobos, M., García-Guaderrama, M., Aguilar-Martinez, J.A., J. Alloys Compd. 647 (2015), 627–636.
[22] Mahshid, S., Askari, M., Ghamsari, M.S., J. Mater. Process. Technol. 189 (2007), 296–300.
[23] Hore, S., Palomares, E., Smit, H., Bakker, N.J., Comte, P., Liska, P., Ravindranathan Thampi, K., Kroon, J.M., Hinsch, A., Durrant, J.R., J. Mater. Chem., 15, 2005, 412.
[24] Barbe, C.J., Arendse, F., Comte, P., Jirousek, M., Lenzmann, F., Shklover, V., Grätzel, M., 71, 1997, 3157–3171.
[25] Zang, L., Macyk, W., Lange, C., Maier, W.F., Antonius, C., Meissner, D., Kisch, H., Chem. A Eur. J. 6 (2000), 379–384.
[26] Zang, L., Lange, C., Abraham, I., Storck, S., Maier, W.F., Kisch, H., J. Phys. Chem. B. 102 (1998), 10765–10771.
[27] Di Paola, A., Marcì, G., Palmisano, L., Schiavello, M., Uosaki, K., Ikeda, S., Othani, B., J. Phys. Chem. B. 106 (2002), 637–645.
[28] Rauf, M.A., Meetani, M.A., Hisaindee, S., Desalination 276 (2011), 13–27.
[29] Armelao, L., Barreca, D., Bottaro, G., Gasparotto, A., Maccato, C., Maragno, C., Tondello, E., Štangar, U.L., Bergant, M., Mahne, D., Nanotechnology, 18, 2007, 375709.
[30] Scuderi, V., Impellizzeri, G., Romano, L., Scuderi, M., Brundo, M.V., Bergum, K., Zimbone, M., Sanz, Massimo R., Buccheri, M.A., Simone, F., Nicotra, G., Svensson, B.G., Grimaldi, M.G., Privitera, V., Nanoscale 6 (2014), 11189–11195.
[31] Malengreaux, C., Modified TiO 2 – based photocatalytic films and powders produced by aqueous and non-Aqueous sol-Gel processes for water purification, chapter 5. Phd Thesis, 2013, Univ. Liège.
[32] Impellizzeri, G., Scuderi, V., Romano, L., Sberna, P.M., Arcadipane, E., Sanz, R., Scuderi, M., Nicotra, G., Bayle, M., Carles, R., Simone, F., Privitera, V., J. Appl. Phys., 116, 2014, 173507.
[33] Crisan, M., Dargan, N., Crisan, D., Ianculescu, A., Nitoi, I., Oancea, P., Todan, L., Stan, C., Stanica, N., Ceram. Int. 42 (2016), 3088–3095.
[34] Kaur, T., Sraw, A., Pal Toor, A., Wanchoo, R.K., Sol. Energy. 125 (2016), 65–76.
[35] Caratto, V., Locardi, F., Alberti, S., Villa, S., Sanguineti, E., Martinelli, A., Balbi, T., Canesi, L., Ferretti, M., J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 2016, 10.1007/s10971-016-4057-5 (in press).
[36] Yamashita, H., Harada, M., Misaka, J., Takeuchi, M., Neppolian, B., Anpo, M., Catal. Today. 84 (2003), 191–196.
[37] Chatti, R., Rayalu, S.S., Dubey, N., Labhsetwar, N., Devotta, S., Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells. 91 (2007), 180–190.
[38] Kerkez-Kuyumcu, Ö., Kibar, E., Dayıoglu, K., Gedik, F., Akın, A.N., Özkara-Aydınoglu, Ş., J. Photoch. Photobio. A 311 (2015), 176–185.
[39] Léonard, G.L.-M., Malengreaux, C.M., Mélotte, Q., Lambert, S.D., Bruneel, E., Van Driessche, I., Heinrichs, B., J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 4 (2016), 449–459.
[40] Espino-estévez, M.R., Fernández-rodríguez, C., González-díaz, O.M., Arana, J., Espinos, J.P., Ortega-Mendez, J.A., Dona-Rodriguez, J.M., Chem. Eng. J. 298 (2016), 82–95.
[41] Tunc, I., Mater. Chem. Phys. 144 (2014), 444–450.
[42] Sanchez-dominguez, M., Morales-mendoza, G., Rodriguez-vargas, M.J., Ibarra-malo, C.C., Rodriguez-rodriguez, A.A., Vela-gonzalez, A.V., Perez-Garcia, S.A.A., Gomez, R., J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 3 (2015), 3037–3047.
[43] Oghenovoh Oseghe, E., Gathura Ndungu, P., Babu Jonnalagadda, S., Photochem, J., Photobiol. A 312 (2015), 96–106.
[44] Jun, T.H., Lee, K.-S., Song, H.S., Thin Solid Films. 520 (2012), 2609–2612.
[45] Aguilar, T., Navas, J., Fernández-lorenzo, C., Alcántara, R., Gallardo, J.J., De Los Santos, D.M., Martin-Calleja, J., Thin Solid Films. 578 (2015), 167–173.
[46] Yu, D., Zhou, W., Liu, Y., Wu, P., J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 404 (2016), 7–13.
[47] Yamashita, H., Harada, M., Misaka, J., Takeuchi, M., Ikeue, K., Anpo, M., J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. 148 (2002), 257–261.
[48] Papadimitriou, V.C., Stefanopoulos, V.G., Romanias, M.N., Papagiannakopoulos, P., Sambani, K., Tudose, V., Kiriakidis, G., Thin Solid Films. 520 (2011), 1195–1201.
[49] Kubacka, A., Colon, G., Fernandez-Garcia, M., Catal. Today 143 (2009), 286–292.
[50] Pan, J.W., Li, C., Zhao, Y.F., Liu, R.X., Gong, Y.Y., Niu, L.Y., Liu, X.J., Chi, B.Q., Chem. Phys. Lett 4 (2015), 3–4 (8).
[51] Ren, F., Li, H., Wang, Y., Yang, J., Applied Catal. B Environ. 176-177 (2015), 160–172.
[52] Chang, S., Doong, R., J. Phys. Chem. B 110 (2006), 20808–20814.
[53] Moradzaman, M., Mohammadi, M.R., Nourizadeh, H., Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 40 (2015), 383–390.
[54] Anpo, M., Takeuchi, M., J. Catal. 216 (2003), 505–516.
[55] Semlali, S., Pigot, T., Flahaut, D., Allouche, J., Lacombe, S., Nicole, L., Appl. Catal. B Environ. 150-151 (2014), 656–662.
[56] Murcia, J.J., Hidalgo, M.C., Navío, J.A., Vaiano, V., Sannino, D., Ciambelli, P., Catal. Today 209 (2013), 164–169.
[57] Vaiano, V., Iervolino, G., Sannino, D., Murcia, J.J., Hidalgo, M.C., Ciambelli, P., Navio, J.A., Applied Catal. B Environ. 188 (2016), 134–146.
[58] Ofiarska, A., Pieczynska, A., Borzyszkowska, A.F., Stepnowski, P., Siedlecka, E.M., Chem. Eng. J. 285 (2016), 417–427.
[59] Turkevich, J., Stevenson, P.C., Hillier, J., Discuss. Faraday Soc. 11 (1951), 55–75.
[60] Pasqualeti, A.M., Olu, P.-Y., Chatenet, M., Lima, F.H.B., ACS Catal., 2015, 2778–2787.
[61] Zubiaur, A., Chatenet, M., Maillard, F., Lambert, S.D., Pirard, J.-P., Job, N., Fuel Cells. 14 (2014), 343–349.
[62] Lecloux, A., Anderson, J.R., Boudart, M., (eds.) Catalysis: Science and Technology, Vol. 2, 1981, Springer, Berlin, 171.
[63] Patterson, A.L., Phys. Rev. 56 (1939), 978–982.
[64] P. Kubelka, Z. Tech. Phys. 12 (1931) 593–603 http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10008164867/en/ (accessed 16.10.15).
[65] Kubelka, P., J. Opt. Soc. Am. 38 (1948), 448–457.
[66] Páez, C.A., Poelman, D., Pirard, J.P., Heinrichs, B., Appl. Catal. B Environ. 94 (2010), 263–271.
[67] Escobedo Morales, A., Sánchez Mora, E., Pal, U., Rev. Mex. Fis. S. 53 (2007), 18–22.
[68] Clugston, M., Flemming, R., Adv. Chem., 2000.
[69] Schlur, L., Begin-Colin, S., Gilliot, P., Gallart, M., Carré, G., Zafeiratos, S., Keller, N., Keller, V., André, P., Greneche, J.-M., Hezard, B., Desmonts, M.-H., Pourroy, G., Mater. Sci. Eng. C. 38 (2014), 11–19.
[70] Andriamiadamanana, C., Laberty-Robert, C., Sougrati, M.T., Casale, S., Davoisne, C., Patra, S., Sauvage, F., Inorg. Chem. 53 (2014), 10129–10139.
[71] Grosjean, R., Fehse, M., Pigeot-Remy, S., Stievano, L., Monconduit, L., Cassaignon, S., J. Power Sources 278 (2015), 1–8.
[72] Di Paola, A., Augugliaro, V., Palmisano, L., Pantaleo, G., Savinov, E., J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. 155 (2003), 207–214.
[73] Augugliaro, V., Palmisano, L., Schiavello, M., Sclafani, A., Marchese, L., Martra, G., Miano, F., Appl. Catal. 69 (1991), 323–340.
[74] Altomare, M., Dozzi, M.V., Chiarello, G.L., Di Paola, A., Palmisano, L., Selli, E., Catal. Today. 252 (2015), 184–189.
[75] Kaplan, R., Erjavec, B., Dražić, G., Grdadolnik, J., Pintar, A., Appl. Catal. B Environ. 181 (2016), 465–474.
[76] Mahy, J.G., Tasseroul, L., Zubiaur, A., Geens, J., Brisbois, M., Herlitschke, M., Hermann, R., Heinrichs, B., Lambert, S.D., Micropor. Mesopor. Mat. 197 (2014), 164–173.
[77] Romero, V., Acevedo, S., Marco, P., Giménez, J., Esplugas, S., Water Res. 88 (2016), 449–457.
[78] Chanderia, K., Kumar, S., Sharma, J., Ameta, R., Punjabi, P.B., Arab. J. Chem, 2012, 2–8.
[79] Litter, M.I., Appl. Catal. B Environ. 23 (1999), 89–114.
[80] Pelaez, M., Nolan, N.T., Pillai, S.C., Seery, M.K., Falaras, P., Kontos, A.G., Dunlop, P.S.M., Hamilton, J.W.J., Byrne, J.A., O'shea, K., Entezari, M.H., Dionysiou, D.D., Appl. Catal. B Environ., 125, 2012.
[81] Guczi, L., Beck, A., Horváth, A., Koppány, Zs., Stefle, G., Frey, K., Sajó, I., Geszti, O., Bazin, D., Lynch, J., J. Mol. Catal. A Chem. 204-205 (2003), 545–552.
[82] Huang, J., Dai, W.L., Li, H., Fan, K., J. Catal. 252 (2007), 69–76.
[83] Abdelaal, M.Y., Mohamed, R.M., J. Alloys Compd. 576 (2013), 201–207.
[84] Crittenden, J.C., Liu, J.B., Hand, D.W., Perram, D.L., Water Res. 31 (1997), 429–438.
[85] Guillén-Santiago, A., Mayén, S.A., Torres-Delgado, G., Castanedo-Pérez, R., Maldonado, A., de la, M., Olvera, L., Mater. Sci. Eng. B. 174 (2010), 84–87.
[86] Bodson, C.J., Heinrichs, B., Tasseroul, L., Bied, C., Mahy, J.G., Wong Chi Man, M., Lambert, S.D., J. Alloys Compd. 682 (2016), 144–153.
[87] Xu, Y., You, H., Appl. Surf. Sci. 321 (2014), 481–487.
[88] Banerjee, S., Dionysiou, D.D., Pillai, S.C., Appl. Catal. B Environ. 176-177 (2015), 396–428.
[89] Chang, C., Lin, C., Hsu, M., J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng. 45 (2014), 1954–1963.
[90] Yang, S., Tang, W., Ishikawa, Y., Feng, Q., Mater. Res. Bull. 46 (2011), 531–537.
[91] Kang, M., Mater. Lett. 59 (2005), 3122–3127.
[92] Lee, B., Park, S.-H., Kang, M., Lee, S.-C., Choung, S.-J., Appl. Catal. A Gen. 253 (2003), 371–380.
[93] Busca, G., Metal oxides as acid-base catalytic materials, 2014, 10.1016/B978-0-444-59524-9.00006-7.
[94] Shokri, A., Mahanpoor, K., Soodbar, D., J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 2, 2015.
[95] Chen, Q., Ji, F., Liu, T., Yan, P., Guan, W., Xu, X., Chem. Eng. J. 229 (2013), 57–65.
[96] Amat, A.M., Arques, A., a. Miranda, M., Seguí, S., Sol. Energy 77 (2004), 559–566.
[97] Sigma Aldrich, http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium-francais.html (accessed 15.12.15).
[98] Metal prices, http://www.journaldunet.com/economie/industrie/1146972-prix-des-metaux/ (accessed 30.12.15).
[99] Platinum price, http://www.finances.net/matieres_premieres/prix-platine (accessed 30.12.15).

Similar publications

Sorry the service is unavailable at the moment. Please try again later.

Name	Provider / Domaine	Expiration	Description
JSESSIONID	Oracle Corporation www.uliege.be	Session	General purpose platform session cookie, used by sites written in JSP. Usually used to maintain an anonymous user session by the server.
CookieScriptConsent	CookieScript .uliege.be	1 year	This cookie is used by Cookie-Script.com service to remember visitor cookie consent preferences. It is necessary for Cookie-Script.com cookie banner to work properly.

Name	Provider / Domaine	Expiration	Description
_pk_id	InnoCraft Ltd .uliege.be	1 year	Used to store a few details about the user such as the unique visitor ID
_pk_ses	InnoCraft Ltd .uliege.be	30 minutes	Short lived cookies used to temporarily store data for the visit
_pk_ref	InnoCraft Ltd .uliege.be	6 months	Used to store the attribution information, the referrer initially used to visit the website