Invasion status; Casual population; Northward expansion; Invasion front; Life history traits; Common ragweed; Ambrosia artemisiifolia; Invasion level; Performance; Occurence; Pollen map; naturalized; Ambroisie à feuilles d'armoise; niveau; naturalisée
Abstract :
[en] The occurrence of an invasive plant across a continent is generally not homogeneous; typically, some areas are highly invaded whereas others show moderate or low invasion levels. This situation might be a snapshot of an ongoing spread, but it could also remain stable under the pressure of factors that constrain the invasion. Among those factors, plant performance variation among invasion levels can explain an invasion slowdown. However, few studies have investigated the large-scale variation of invasive plant performance in the field. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. in Western Europe represents a good opportunity to address this issue, with areas of high, moderate and low invasion levels being documented across a ca. 1000 km transect. In this study, we compared in situ plant performance-related traits in 12 populations from areas of contrasting invasion levels. We also tested whether performance-related traits were influenced by the intra-and inter-specific competition, by the local climatic conditions or by latitude (a proxy for growing season length). Overall, we did not find differences in performance-related traits across invasion levels, and intra-and inter-specific competition had low effects on plant performance. This study highlights the fact that A. artemisiifolia individuals express similar performance across invasion levels, even beyond what can be considered the present invasion front. Further research has to expand this study northwards, and assess other factors that could constrain the invasion in order to highlight if the species invasion northward is constrained or if it has the potential to invade new areas. [fr] Les occurrences d’une plante invasive à travers un continent ne sont généralement pas distribuées de manière homogène. Typiquement, certaines zones sont très fortement envahies, alors que d’autres zones montrent des niveaux d’invasion modérés, ou faibles. Cette situation peut être une vue instantanée d’un processus dynamique d’envahissement, mais il peut aussi rester stable sous la pression de facteurs qui peuvent contraindre le développement de l’invasion. Parmi ces facteurs, la variation des performances à travers les différents niveaux d’invasion peut expliquer le ralentissement de l’invasion à l’échelle globale. Cependant, très peu d’études ont enquêté sur la variation à grande échelle de la performance d’une plante invasive sur le terrain. Europe de l’Ouest, l’ambroisie à feuilles d’armoise (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) représente une bonne opportunité de répondre à cette question, puisqu’il existe des zones avec de forts, moyens, et faibles niveaux d’invasion, documentés sur un transect d’à peu près 1000km. Dans cette étude, nous avons comparé des traits relatifs à la performance de la plante de manière in situ, dans 12 populations issues de zones de niveaux d’invasion contrastés. Nous avons également testé si ces traits relatifs à la performance étaient influencés par la compétition intra-ou interspécifique, par les conditions climatiques locales, ou par la latitude (qui est un proxy de la longueur de la saison de végétation). De manière générale, nous n’avons pas trouvé de différences dans les traits relatifs à la performance à travers les niveaux d’invasion, et la compétition intra-ou interspécifique n’a eu qu’un faible effet sur la performance des plantes. Cette étude met en lumière le fait que les plants d’ambroisie exhibent une performance similaire, peu importe le niveau d’invasion dans lequel ils se développent, et même au-delà de ce qui peut être considéré comme le front d’invasion actuel. Des études complémentaires doivent agrandir l’échelle de cette étude vers le nord, et évaluer les autres facteurs qui pourraient contraindre l’invasion, dans le but de déterminer si l’invasion est limitée vers le nord ou si elle a le potentiel d’envahir de nouvelles zones.
Disciplines :
Environmental sciences & ecology
Author, co-author :
Ortmans, William ; Université de Liège > Ingénierie des biosystèmes (Biose) > Biodiversité et Paysage
Mahy, Grégory ; Université de Liège > Ingénierie des biosystèmes (Biose) > Biodiversité et Paysage
Monty, Arnaud ; Université de Liège > Ingénierie des biosystèmes (Biose) > Biodiversité et Paysage
Language :
English
Title :
Performance variation of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) across invasion levels in Western Europe
Alternative titles :
[en] Variation des performances de l'ambroisie à feuilles d'armoise (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) à travers différents niveaux d'invasion en Europe de l'Ouest
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