L’herpèsvirus bovin 4

Markine-Goriaynoff, Nicolas; Minner, F.; De Fays, K.; Gillet, Laurent; Thiry, Etienne; Pastoret, Paul-Pierre; Vanderplasschen, Alain

Request a copy

Article (Scientific journals)

L’herpèsvirus bovin 4

Markine-Goriaynoff, Nicolas; Minner, F.; De Fays, K. et al.

2003 • In Annales de Médecine Vétérinaire, 147 (4), p. 215-247

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2268/19381

Files (1)Send to Details Statistics Bibliography Similar publications

Files

Full Text

229pub_thiry.pdf

Author postprint (605.33 kB)

Request a copy

All documents in ORBi are protected by a user license.

Send to

RIS BibTex APA Chicago Permalink X Linkedin

Details

Abstract :

[en] Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) belongs to the Herpesviridae family, Gammaherpesvirinae subfamily, Rhadinovirus genus like human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), the causative agent of Kaposi's sarcoma. BoHV-4 has a worldwide distribution in the cattle population. It has been isolated from cattle showing various clinical signs as well as from healthy cattle. The interest of the scientific community for BoHV-4 is explained by two reasons. Firstly, BoHV-4 represents an homologous virus/host species model to study the biology of gammaherpesviruses. Secondly, the use of BoHV-4 as a recombinant vector for expression both in vitro and in vivo has been proposed. For these reasons, a considerable amount of data has been collected on this virus. In the present paper, the authors will present a general overview of the literature published on this virus addressing clinical, epidemiological and fundamental aspects of BoHV-4. Finally, in the light of their recent phylogenetic data, the authors will discuss the origin and the host species of BoHV-4 leading to the conclusion that this virus should be considered as a virus of the African buffalo rather than cattle.
[fr] L’herpèsvirus bovin 4 (BoHV-4) est un gammaherpèsvirus ubiquiste des bovins. Il appartient au genre Rhadinovirus tout comme l'herpèsvirus humain 8 (HHV-8), un virus associé au sarcome de Kaposi. Le BoHV-4 a été isolé de nombreuses entités cliniques ainsi que de bovins sains. Son rôle en tant qu'agent étiologique d'une entité précise reste un sujet de controverses. Le spectre d'hôtes de ce virus est large et s'étend peut-être au-delà des ruminants. L'entièreté de son génome a récemment été séquencée. Le BoHV-4 intéresse la communauté scientifique parce qu'il procure l'opportunité d'étudier la biologie d'un gammaherpèsvirus par l'infection de son hôte naturel. Par ailleurs, ce virus représente un candidat potentiel comme vecteur d'expression, en vaccinologie notamment. Les auteurs proposent ici une revue exhaustive de la littérature, reprenant l'ensemble des connaissances actuelles relatives à ce virus sur les plans clinique, épidémiologique et fondamental. Sont également présentées des données récentes de la biologie du BoHV-4, suggérant que ce dernier est en réalité un virus de buffle africain.

Disciplines :

Microbiology
Veterinary medicine & animal health

Author, co-author :

Markine-Goriaynoff, Nicolas

Minner, F.

De Fays, K.

Gillet, Laurent ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Immunologie et vaccinologie

Thiry, Etienne ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires > Virologie, épidémiologie et pathologie des maladies virales

Pastoret, Paul-Pierre ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires > Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires

Vanderplasschen, Alain ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Immunologie et vaccinologie

Language :

French

Title :

L’herpèsvirus bovin 4

Alternative titles :

[en] Bovine herpesvirus 4

Publication date :

2003

Journal title :

Annales de Médecine Vétérinaire

ISSN :

0003-4118

eISSN :

1781-3875

Publisher :

Annales Medecine Veterinaire, Liege, Belgium

Volume :

147

Issue :

Pages :

215-247

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 22 November 2010

Statistics

Number of views

176 (16 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

7 (6 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

Bibliography

ALBRECHT J.C., NICHOLAS J., BILLER D., CAMERON K.R., BIESINGER B., NEWMAN C., WITTMANN S., CRAXTON M.A., COLEMAN H., FLECKENSTEIN B. Primary structure of the herpesvirus saimiri genome. J. Virol., 1992, 66, 5047-5058.
ALBRECHT J.C. Primary structure of the Herpesvirus ateles genome. J. Virol., 2000, 74, 1033-1037.
ALEXANDER L., DENEKAMP L., KNAPP A., AUERBACH M.R., DAMANIA B., DESROSIERS R.C. The primary sequence of rhesus monkey rhadinovirus isolate 26-95: sequence similarities to Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and rhesus monkey rhadinovirus isolate 17577. J. Virol., 2000, 74, 3388-3398.
ALEXANDER R.A., PLOWRIGHT W., HAIG D.A. Cytopathogenic agents associated with lumpy skin disease of cattle. Bull. Epiz. Dis. Afr., 1957, 5, 489-492.
ANSON M.A., BENFIELD D.A., MCADARAGH J.P. Bovine herpesvirus-5 (DN599) antigens in cells derived from bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma. Can. J. Comp. Med., 1982, 46, 334-337.
ARRAND J.R., RYMO L., WALSH J.E., BJORCK E., LINDAHL T., GRIFFIN B.E. Molecular cloning of the complete Epstein-Barr virus genome as a set of overlapping restriction endonuclease fragments. Nucleic Acids Res., 1981, 9, 2999-3014.
ASANO A., INOSHIMA Y., MURAKAMI K., IKETANI Y., YAMAMOTO Y., SENTSUI H. Latency and persistence of bovine herpesvirus type 4, strain b11-41, in bovine nervous tissues. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 2003, 65, 87-93.
AUGSBURGER H.R., METZLER A.E. In vitro growth characteristics of bovine herpesvirus 4 (BHV-4) as revealed by indirect immunofluorescence assay with monoclonal antibodies and polyvalent antisera. Arch. Virol., 1989, 104, 309-321.
BABIUK L.A., ROUSE B.T. Ribonucleotides in infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus DNA. J Gen Virol, 1976, 31, 221-230.
BAER R., BANKIER A.T., BIGGIN M.D., DEININGER P.L., FARRELL P.J., GIBSON T.J., HATFULL G., HUDSON G.S., SATCHWELL S.C., SEGUIN C., ET AL. DNA sequence and expression of the B95-8 Epstein-Barr virus genome. Nature, 1984, 310, 207-211.
BAINES J.D., POON A.P., ROVNAK J., ROIZMAN B. The herpes simplex virus 1 UL15 gene encodes two proteins and is required for cleavage of genomic viral DNA. J. Virol., 1994, 68, 8118-8124.
BALLESTAS M.E., CHATIS P.A., KAYE K.M. Efficient persistence of extrachromosomal KSHV DNA mediated by latency-associated nuclear antigen. Science, 1999, 284, 641-644.
BARAHONA H.H., MELENDEZ L.V., KING N.W., DANIEL M.D., FRASER C.E.O., PREVILLE A.C. Herpesvirus aotus type 2: a new viral agent from owl monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus). J. Infect. Dis., 1973, 127, 171-178.
BARTHA A., JUHASZ M., LIEBERMANN H. Isolation of a bovine herpesvirus from calves with respiratory disease and keratoconjunctivitis. A preliminary report. Acta Vet. Acad. Sci. Hung., 1966, 16, 357-358.
BARTHA A., JUHASZ M., LIEBERMANN H., HANTSCHEL H., SCHULZE P. Isolation and properties of a bovine herpesvirus from a calf with respiratory disease and keratoconjunctivitis. Arch. Exp. Veterinarmed, 1967, 21, 615-623.
BARTHA A., FADOL A.M., LIEBERMANN H., LUDWIG H., MOHANTY S.B., OSORIO F.A., REED D.E., STORZ J., STRAUB O.C., VAN DER MAATEN M.J., ET AL. Problems concerning the taxonomy of the 'Movar-type' bovine herpesviruses. Intervirology, 1987, 28, 1-7.
BECKER Y. Evolution of viruses by acquisition of cellular RNA or DNA nucleotide sequences and genes: an introduction. Virus Genes, 2000, 21, 7-12.
BELAK S., PALFI V. Characterization of a herpesvirus isolated from spontaneously degenerated bovine kidney cell culture. Acta Vet. Hung., 1974, 24, 249-253.
BELLO L.J., DAVISON A.J., GLENN M.A., WHITEHOUSE A., RETHMEIER N., SCHULZ T.F., BARKLIE CLEMENTS J. The human herpesvirus-8 ORF 57 gene and its properties. J. Gen. Virol., 1999, 80, 3207-3215.
BELLOWS D.S., CHAU B.N., LEE P., LAZEBNIK Y., BURNS W.H., HARDWICK J.M. Antiapoptotic herpesvirus Bcl-2 homologs escape caspase-mediated conversion to proapoptotic proteins. J. Virol., 2000, 74, 5024-5031.
BERGQUAM E.P., AVERY N., SHIIGI S.M., AXTHELM M.K., WONG S.W. Rhesus rhadinovirus establishes a latent infection in B lymphocytes in vivo. J. Virol., 1999, 73, 7874-7876.
BERMUDEZ-CRUZ R., ZHANG L., VAN SANTEN V.L. Characterization of an abundant, unique 1.7-kilobase bovine herpesvirus 4 (BHV-4) late RNA and mapping of a BHV-4 IE2 transactivator-binding site in its promoter-regulatory region. J. Virol., 1997, 71, 527-538.
BERMUDEZ-CRUZ R., ZHANG L., VAN SANTEN V.L. Characterization of a bovine herpesvirus 4(BHV-4) 1.1-kb RNA and its transactivation by BHV-4 immediate-early 2 gene product. Arch. Virol., 1998, 143, 2391-2412.
BOERNER B., WEIGELT W., BUHK H.J., CASTRUCCI G., LUDWIG H. A sensitive and specific PCR/Southern blot assay for detection of bovine herpesvirus 4 in calves infected experimentally. J. Virol. Methods, 1999, 83, 169-180.
BORCHERS K., BRACKMANN J., WOLF O., RUDOLPH M., GLATZEL P., KRASINSKA M., KRASINSKI Z.A., FROLICH K. Virologic investigations of free-living European bison (Bison bonasus) from the Bialowieza Primeval Forest, Poland. J. Wildl. Dis., 2002, 38, 533-538.
BORZA C.M., HUTT-FLETCHER L.M. Epstein-Barr virus recombinant lacking expression of glycoprotein gp150 infects B cells normally but is enhanced for infection of epithelial cells. J. Virol., 1998, 72, 7577-7582.
BRESNAHAN W.A., SHENK T. A subset of viral transcripts packaged within human cytomegalovirus particles. Science, 2000, 288, 2373-2376.
BROLL H., FINSTERBUSCH T., BUHK H.J., GOLTZ M. Genetic analysis of the bovine herpesvirus type 4 gene locus for the putative terminase. Virus Genes, 1999a, 19, 243-250.
BROLL H., BUHK H.J., ZIMMERMANN W., GOLTZ M. Structure and function of the prDNA and the genomic termini of the gamma2-herpesvirus bovine herpesvirus type 4. J. Gen. Virol., 1999b, 80, 979-986.
BROWNE H., BELL S., MINSON T., WILSON D.W. An endoplasmic reticulum-retained herpes simplex virus glycoprotein H is absent from secreted virions: evidence for reenvelopment during egress. J. Virol., 1996, 70, 4311-4316.
BUBLOT M., VAN BRESSEM M.F., THIRY E., DUBUISSON J., PASTORET P.-P. Bovine herpesvirus 4 genome: cloning, mapping and strain variation analysis. J. Gen. Virol., 1990, 71, 133-142.
BUBLOT M., DUBUISSON J., VAN BRESSEM M.F., DANYI S., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Antigenic and genomic identity between simian herpesvirus aotus type 2 and bovine herpesvirus type 4. J. Gen. Virol., 1991a, 72, 715-719.
BUBLOT M., WELLEMANS G., VAN BRESSEM M.F., DUBUISSON J., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Genomic diversity among bovine herpesvirus 4 field isolates. Arch. Virol., 1991b, 116, 1-18.
BUBLOT M., LOMONTE P., LEQUARRE A.S., ALBRECHT J.C., NICHOLAS J., FLECKENSTEIN B., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Genetic relationships between bovine herpesvirus 4 and the gammaherpesviruses Epstein-Barr virus and herpesvirus saimiri. Virology, 1992, 190, 654-665.
CAMERON K.R., STAMMINGER T., CRAXTON M., BODEMER W., HONESS R.W., FLECKENSTEIN B. The 160,000-Mr virion protein encoded at the right end of the herpesvirus saimiri genome is homologous to the 140,000-Mr membrane antigen encoded at the left end of the Epstein-Barr virus genome. J. Virol., 1987, 61, 2063-2070.
CASTRUCCI G., FRIGERI F., CILLI V., DONELLI G., FERRARI M., CHICCHINI U., BORDONI E. A study of a herpesvirus isolated from dairy cattle with a history of reproductive disorders. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 1986, 9, 13-21.
CASTRUCCI G., FRIGERI F., FERRARI M., CILLI V., ALDROVANDI V., RAMPICHINI L., GATTI R. A study of the pathogenesis of bovid herpesvirus-4 in calves. Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. [B], 1987a, 34, 473-479.
CASTRUCCI G., FRIGERI F., FERRARI M., RANUCCI S., ALDROVANDI V., CILLI V., RAMPICHINI L., GATTI R. Experimental infection of calves with strains of Bovid herpesvirus-4. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 1987b, 10, 41-49.
CASTRUCCI G., FRIGERI F., FERRARI M., PEDINI B., ALDROVANDI V., CILLI V., RAMPICHINI L., GATTI R. Reactivation in calves of latent infection by Bovid herpesvirus-4. Microbiologica, 1987c, 10, 37-45.
CASTRUCCI G., FRIGERI F., FERRARI M., ALDROVANDI V., DI LUCA D., GATTI R. Comparative study of two strains of Bovid herpesvirus-4. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 1988, 11, 143-151.
CASTRUCCI G., FERRARI M., TRALDI V., TARTAGLIONE E. Effects in calves of mixed infections with bovine viral diarrhea virus and several other bovine viruses. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 1992, 15, 261-270.
CAVIRANI S., ALLEGRI G., FLAMMINI C.F. Tipizzazione sierologica di stipiti di bovid herpesvirus-4 (BHV-4) isolati in corso di glossite ulcerativa cronica della bovina da latte e comportamento dell'infezione sperimentale. Selezione Veterinaria, 1990, 31, 1261-1269.
CAVIRANI S., MARTELLI P., CABASSI C.S., LAVAZZA A., ALLEGRI G., FLAMMINI C.F. Isolation of bovine herpesvirus 4 (BHV-4) from dairy cows with digital dermatitis. In: Proceedings of the XIX World buiatric Congress, 1996, 121.
CHANG L.Y., VAN SANTEN V.L. Immediate-early, early, and late RNAs in bovine herpesvirus-4-infected cells. Virology, 1992, 191, 909-920.
CHANG Y., CESARMAN E., PESSIN M.S., LEE F., CULPEPPER J., KNOWLES D.M., MOORE P.S. Identification of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma. Science, 1994, 266, 1865-1869.
COLLINS C.M., MEDVECZKY M.M., LUND T., MEDVECZKY P.G. The terminal repeats and latency-associated nuclear antigen of herpesvirus saimiri are essential for episomal persistence of the viral genome. J. Gen. Virol., 2002, 83, 2269-2278.
COOPER M., GOODWIN D.J., HALL K.T., STEVENSON A.J., MEREDITH D.M., MARKHAM A.F., WHITEHOUSE A. The gene product encoded by ORF 57 of herpesvirus saimiri regulates the redistribution of the splicing factor SC-35. J. Gen. Virol., 1999, 80, 1311-1316.
CZAPLICKI G., THIRY E. An association exists between bovine herpesvirus-4 seropositivity and abortion in cows. Prev. Vet. Med., 1998, 33, 235-240.
DARLINGTON R.W., MOSS L.H., 3RD. Herpesvirus envelopment. J. Virol, 1968, 2, 48-55.
DAVISON A.J. Evolution of the herpesviruses. Vet. Microbiol, 2002, 86, 69-88.
DEWALS B., BOUDRY C., MARKINE-GORIAYNOFF N., DESMECHT D., PASTORET P.-P., VANDERPLASSCHEN A. L'herpèsvirus alcélaphin 1, l'agent responsable de la forme africaine du coryza gangreneux. Ann. Méd. Vét., 2003, 147, 373-386.
DIJKSTRA J.M., VISSER N., METTENLEITER T.C., KLUPP B.G. Identification and characterization of pseudorabies virus glycoprotein gM as a nonessential virion component. J. Virol., 1996, 70, 5684-5688.
DIJKSTRA J.M., GERDTS V., KLUPP B.G., METTENLEITER T.C. Deletion of glycoprotein gM of pseudorabies virus results in attenuation for the natural host. J. Gen. Virol., 1997, 78, 2147-2151.
DONOFRIO G., CAVIRANI S., FLAMMINI C.F., SCATOZZA F. Molecular typing of a BHV-4 (bovine herpesvirus 4) field isolate. Vet. Res. Commun., 2000a, 24, 411-422.
DONOFRIO G., CAVIRANI S., VAN SANTEN V.L. Establishment of a cell line persistently infected with bovine herpesvirus-4 by use of a recombinant virus. J. Gen. Virol., 2000b, 81, 1807-1814.
DONOFRIO G., FLAMMINI C.F., SCATOZZA F., CAVIRANI S. Detection of bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) DNA in the cell fraction of milk of dairy cattle with history of BoHV-4 infection. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2000c, 38, 4668-4671.
DONOFRIO G., VAN SANTEN V.L. A bovine macrophage cell line supports bovine herpesvirus-4 persistent infection. J. Gen. Virol., 2001, 82, 1181-1185.
DRUMMER H.E., REUBEL G.H., STUDDERT M.J. Equine gammaherpesvirus 2 (EHV2) is latent in B lymphocytes. Arch. Virol., 1996, 141, 495-504.
DUBUISSON J., THIRY E., THOMAS I., COIGNOUL F., BUBLOT M., VAN HEULES G., DEKEGEL D., PASTORET P.-P. Infection expérimentale de taureaux par injection intratesticulaire d'une souche de bovid herpesvirus 4 isolée d'un cas d'orchite. Ann. Méd. Vét., 1987a, 131, 37-48.
DUBUISSON J., THIRY E., BUBLOT M., PASTORET P.-P. Intervention du complément dans la neutralisation du Bovid herpesvirus 4. Ann. Méd. Vét., 1987b, 131, 69-73.
DUBUISSON J., THIRY E., THALASSO F., BUBLOT M., PASTORET P.-P. Biological and biochemical comparison of bovid herpesvirus-4 strains. Vet. Microbiol., 1988, 16, 339-349.
DUBUISSON J., THIRY E., BUBLOT M., THOMAS I., VAN BRESSEM M.F., COIGNOUL F., PASTORET P.-P. Experimental infection of bulls with a genital isolate of bovine herpesvirus-4 and reactivation of latent virus with dexamethasone. Vet. Microbiol., 1989a, 21, 97-114.
DUBUISSON J., THIRY E., BUBLOT M., SNEYERS M., BOULANGER D., GUILLAUME J., PASTORET P.-P. Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to bovid herpesvirus-4. Vet. Microbiol., 1989b, 19, 305-315.
DUBUISSON J., BOULANGER D., BUBLOT M., THIRY E., PASTORET P.-P. Proteins specified by bovine herpesvirus type 4: structural proteins of the virion and identification of two major glycoproteins by using monoclonal antibodies. J. Gen. Virol., 1989c, 70, 1743-1753.
DUBUISSON J., GUILLAUME J., BOULANGER D., THIRY E., BUBLOT M., PASTORET P.-P. Neutralization of bovine herpesvirus type 4 by pairs of monoclonal antibodies raised against two glycoproteins and identification of antigenic determinants involved in neutralization. J. Gen. Virol., 1990, 71, 647-653.
DUBUISSON J., DANYI S., BUBLOT M., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Comparison of proteins of simian herpesvirus aotus type 2 and bovine herpesvirus type 4. J. Gen. Virol., 1991a, 72, 1145-1150.
DUBUISSON J., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Temporal control of bovine herpesvirus type 4 glycoprotein synthesis. J. Gen. Virol., 1991b, 72, 1429-1434.
DUBUISSON J., BUBLOT M., WELLEMANS G., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Bovine herpesvirus 4 isolates: a comparison of three major glycoproteins. Vet. Microbiol., 1991c, 29, 251-259.
DUBUISSON J., KOROMYSLOV I., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Proteins of bovine herpesvirus type 4 released into the culture medium of productively infected cells: identification of a 135K glycoprotein involved in viral attachment. J. Gen. Virol., 1992a, 73, 189-194.
DUBUISSON J., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Identification and characterization of glycoprotein gp1 of bovine herpesvirus type 4. J. Gen. Virol., 1992b, 73, 1293-1296.
EDWARDS S., NEWMAN R.H. Detection of antibodies to bovid herpesvirus 4 by ELISA. Vet. Microbiol., 1985, 10, 149-154.
EGELHOF S., BARTHAA., MAGYAR G. The existence of bovine herpesvirus 4 (BHV-4) in lions. In: Proceedings of the XVI International Herpesvirus Workshop. Pacific Groove, CA, 1991, 245.
EGYED L., BALLAGI-PORDANY A., BARTHA A., BELAK S. Studies of in vivo distribution of bovine herpesvirus type 4 in the natural host. J. Clin. Microbiol., 1996, 34, 1091-1095.
EGYED L., KLUGE J.P., BARTHA A. Histological studies of bovine herpesvirus type 4 infection in non-ruminant species. Vet. Microbiol., 1997, 57, 283-289.
EGYED L., BARTHA A. PCR studies on the potential sites for latency of BHV-4 in calves. Vet. Res. Commun., 1998, 22, 209-216.
EGYED L. Replication of bovine herpesvirus type 4 in human cells in vitro. J. Clin. Microbiol., 1998, 36, 2109-2111.
EGYED L., BERENCSI G., BARTHA A. Periodic reappearance of bovine herpesvirus type 4 DNA in the sera of naturally and experimentally infected rabbits and calves. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 1999, 22, 199-206.
EGYED L. Bovine herpesvirus type 4: a special herpesvirus (review article). Acta Vet. Hung., 2000, 48, 501-513.
EHLERS B., BUHK H.J., LUDWIG H. Analysis of bovine cytomegalovirus genome structure: cloning and mapping of the monomeric polyrepetitive DNA unit, and comparison of European and American strains. J. Gen. Virol., 1985, 66, 55-68.
ENSSER A., PFLANZ R., FLECKENSTEIN B. Primary structure of the alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 genome. J. Virol., 1997, 71, 6517-6525.
ESSMAIL M., BAKER D., COLLINS J., VANDEWOUDE S., SALMAN M., HEGAZY A.A. Dot immunobinding assay for detection of bovine herpesvirus 4 antibodies in rabbits. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 1999, 11, 237-239.
EUGSTER A.K. Isolation of bovine herpesvirus III from diarrheic feces. Vet. Microbiol., 1978/1979, 3, 199-204.
EVERMANN J.F., MUELLER G.M., DILBECK P.M. Clinical and diagnostic implications of bovid herpesvirus type 4 (bovine cytomegalovirus) infections. Amer. Assoc. Vet. Lab. Diag. Proc., 1985, 27, 125-136.
EVERMANN J.F., HENRY B.E. Herpetic infections of cattle: a comparison of bovine cytomegalovirus and bovine rhinotracheitis. Comp., Food Animal, 1989, 11, 205-215.
EYANGA E., JETTEUR P., THIRY E., WELLEMANS G., DUBUISSON J., VAN OPDENBOSCH E., MAKUMBU S., PASTORET P.-P. Research on antibodies against BHV-1, BHV-2, BHV-4, BVD-MD virus, bovine adenovirus A and B, rotavirus and coronavirus in cattle in western Zaire: complementary results. Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop., 1989, 42, 155-161.
FABRICANT C.G., GILLESPSIE J.H., KROOK L. Intracellular and extracellular mineral crystal formation induced by viral infection of cell cultures. Infect. Immun., 1971, 3, 416-419.
FABRICANT C.G., KROOK L., GILLESPIE J.H. Virus-induced cholesterol crystals. Science, 1973, 181, 566-567.
FABRICANT C.G., GILLESPIE J.H. Identification and characterization of a second feline herpesvirus. Infect. Immun., 1974, 9, 460-466.
FABRICANT C.G. Herpesvirus-induced urolithiasis in specific-pathogen- free male cats. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1977, 38, 1837-1842.
FABRICANT C.G. Serological responses to the cell associated herpesvirus and the manx calicivirus of SPF male cats with herpesvirus-induced urolithiasis. Cornell Vet., 1981, 71, 59-68.
FITTON J., BEENHAM J., EDWARDS S. Bovid herpesvirus-4 antibody in cattle in Great Britain. Vet. Rec., 1990, 126, 173.
FLANO E., HUSAIN S.M., SAMPLE J.T., WOODLAND D.L., BLACKMAN M.A. Latent murine gamma-herpesvirus infection is established in activated B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. J. Immunol., 2000, 165, 1074-1081.
FLANO E., KIM I.J., WOODLAND D.L., BLACKMAN M.A. gamma-Herpesvirus Latency Is Preferentially Maintained in Splenic Germinal Center and Memory B Cells. J. Exp. Med., 2002, 196, 1363-1372.
FLINT S.J., RACANIELLO V.R., ENQUIST L.W., SKALKA A.M., KRUG R.M. Latent infections. In: Principle of Virology: molecular biology, pathogenesis, and control. American Society for Microbiology: Washington, D. C., 2000a, 540-546.
FLINT S.J., RACANIELLO V.R., ENQUIST L.W., SKALKA A.M., KRUG R.M. Principle of Virology: molecular biology, pathogenesis, and control. American Society for Microbiology: Washington, D. C., 2000b, 804p.
FRAZIER K., PENCE M., MAUEL M.J., LIGGETT A., HINES M.E., 2ND, SANGSTER L., LEHMKUHL H.D., MILLER D., STYER E., WEST J., BALDWIN C.A. Endometritis in postparturient cattle associated with bovine herpesvirus-4 infection: 15 cases. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 2001, 13, 502-508.
FRAZIER K.S., BALDWIN C.A., PENCE M., WEST J., BERNARD J., LIGGETT A., MILLER D., HINES M.E., 2ND. Seroprevalence and comparison of isolates of endometriotropic bovine herpesvirus-4. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 2002, 14, 457-462.
FUCHS P.G., RUGER R., PFISTER H., FLECKENSTEIN B. Genome organization of herpesvirus aotus type 2. J. Virol., 1985, 53, 13-18.
FUKUDA M. Cell surface carbohydrates: cell-type specific expression. In: Fukuda M., Hindsgaul O. (Eds.), Molecular Glycobiology. Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1994, 1-52.
FUKUDA M. Roles of mucin-type O-glycans in cell adhesion. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 2002, 1573, 394-405.
GALIK P.K., VAN SANTEN V.L., STRINGFELLOW D.A., BIRD R.C., WRIGHT J.C., SMITH P.C. Development of a DNA probe for identification of bovine herpesvirus 4. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1993, 54, 653-659.
GARBER D.A., BEVERLEY S.M., COEN D.M. Demonstration of circularization of herpes simplex virus DNA following infection using pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Virology, 1993, 197, 459-462.
GIBBS E.P.J., RWEYEMAMU M.M. Bovine herpesviruses. Part I. Bovine herpesvirus 1. Vet. Bull., 1977, 47, 317-342.
GODFROID J., CZAPLICKI G., KERKHOFS P., WEYNANTS V., WELLEMANS G., THIRY E., LETESSON J.-J. Assessment of the cell-mediated immunity in cattle infection after bovine herpesvirus 4 infection, using an in vitro antigen-specific interferon-gamma assay. Vet. Microbiol., 1996, 53, 133-141.
GOLTZ M., BROLL H., MANKERTZ A., WEIGELT W., LUDWIG H., BUHK H.J., BORCHERS K. Glycoprotein B of bovine herpesvirus type 4: its phylogenetic relationship to gB equivalents of the herpesviruses. Virus Genes, 1994, 9, 53-59.
GOODWIN D.J., HALL K.T., GILES M.S., CALDERWOOD M.A., MARKHAM A.F., WHITEHOUSE A. The carboxy terminus of the herpesvirus saimiri ORF 57 gene contains domains that are required for transactivation and transrepression. J. Gen. Virol., 2000, 81, 2253-2265.
GRANZOW H., WEILAND F., JONS A., KLUPP B.G., KARGER A., METTENLEITER T.C. Ultrastructural analysis of the replication cycle of pseudorabies virus in cell culture: a reassessment. J. Virol., 1997, 71, 2072-2082.
GRANZOW H., KLUPP B.G., FUCHS W., VEITS J., OSTERRIEDER N., METTENLEITER T.C. Egress of alphaherpesviruses: comparative ultrastructural study. J. Virol., 2001, 75, 3675-3684.
GRECO A., BAUSCH N., COUTE Y., DIAZ J.J. Characterization by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of host proteins whose synthesis is sustained or stimulated during the course of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. Electrophoresis, 2000, 21, 2522-2530.
GUO W.Z., SHEN D.T., EVERMANN J.F., GORHAM J.R. Comparison of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a complement-fixation test for the detection of IgG to bovine herpesvirus type 4 (bovine cytomegalovirus). Am. J. Vet. Res., 1988, 49, 667-670.
HALL K.T., GILES M.S., CALDERWOOD M.A., GOODWIN D.J., MATTHEWS D.A., WHITEHOUSE A. The Herpesvirus Saimiri open reading frame 73 gene product interacts with the cellular protein p32. J. Virol., 2002, 76, 11612-11622.
HAMMERSCHMIDT W., SUGDEN B. Identification and characterization of oriLyt, a lytic origin of DNA replication of Epstein-Barr virus. Cell, 1988, 55, 427-433.
HANDLEY J.A., SARGAN D.R., HERRING A.J., REID H.W. Identification of a region of the alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 genome associated with virulence for rabbits. Vet. Microbiol., 1995, 47, 167-181.
HOLZERLANDT R., ORENGO C., KELLAM P., ALBA M.M. Identification of new herpesvirus gene homologs in the human genome. Genome Res., 2002, 12, 1739-1748.
HOMAN E.J., EASTERDAY B.C. Further studies of naturally occuring latent bovine herpesvirus infection. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1981, 42, 1811-1813.
HONESS R.W., ROIZMAN B. Regulation of herpesvirus macromolecular synthesis. I. Cascade regulation of the synthesis of three groups of viral proteins. J. Virol., 1974, 14, 8-19.
HONESS R.W., ROIZMAN B. Regulation of herpesvirus macromolecular synthesis: sequential transition of polypeptide synthesis requires functional viral polypeptides. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 1975, 72, 1276-1280.
HONESS R.W. Herpes simplex and "the herpes complex": diverse observations and a unifying hypothesis. The eighth Fleming lecture. J. Gen. Virol., 1984, 65, 2077-2107.
HONESS R.W., GOMPELS U.A., BARRELL B.G., CRAXTON M., CAMERON K.R., STADEN R., CHANG Y.N., HAYWARD G.S. Deviations from expected frequencies of CpG dinucleotides in herpesvirus DNAs may be diagnostic of differences in the states of their latent genomes. J. Gen. Virol., 1989, 70, 837-855.
HOUSE J.A., WILSON T.M., EL NAKASHLY S., KARIM I.A., ISMAIL I., EL DANAF N., MOUSSA A.M., AYOUB N.N. The isolation of lumpy skin disease virus and bovine herpesvirus-4 from cattle in Egypt. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 1990, 2, 111-115.
JOHNSON D.C., SPEAR P.G. Monensin inhibits the processing of herpes simplex virus glycoproteins, their transport to the cell surface, and the egress of virions from infected cells. J. Virol., 1982, 43, 1102-1112.
JONES P.C., ROIZMAN B. Regulation of herpesvirus macromolecular synthesis. VIII. The transcription program consists of three phases during which both extent of transcription and accumulation of RNA in the cytoplasm are regulated. J. Virol., 1979, 31, 299-314.
JONS A., DIJKSTRA J.M., METTENLEITER T.C. Glycoproteins M and N of pseudorabies virus form a disulfide-linked complex. J. Virol., 1998, 72, 550-557.
KAMINJOLO J.S., MUGERA G.M., ROSTED A.F. Isolation of a Herpes-type Virus from some Tumours of Bovine Origin. Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. [B], 1972, 19, 626-632.
KENDRICK J.W., OSBURN B.I., KRONLUND N. Pathogenicity studies of a bovine herpesvirus. Theriogenology, 1976, 6, 447-462.
KIT S. Thymidine kinase. Microbiol. Sci., 1985, 2, 369-375.
KIT S., KIT M., ICHIMURA H., CRANDELL R., MCCONNELL S. Induction of thymidine kinase activity by viruses with group B DNA genomes: bovine cytomegalovirus (bovine herpesvirus 4). Virus Res., 1986, 4, 197-212.
KOKLES R. Zum Vorkommen Von Herpes-OrphanVirusinfektionen des Rindes. Monat. Vet. Med., 1986, 41, 551-555.
KOKLES R., PELLINGHOFF B. Zur charakterisierung von Bovinen Herpes-Orphan-Virusisolaten. Monat. Vet. Med., 1987, 42, 505-509.
KROGMAN L.A., MCADARAGH J.P. Recrudescence of bovine herpesvirus-5 in experimentally infected calves. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1982, 43, 336-338.
KRUGER J.M., OSBORNE C.A., WHETSTONE C.A., GOYAL S.M., SEMLAK R.A. Genetic and serologic analysis of feline cell-associated herpesvirus-induced infection of the urinary tract in conventionally reared cats. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1989, 50, 2023-2027.
KRUGER J.M., OSBORNE C.A., GOYAL S.M., POMEROY K.A., O'BRIEN T.D. Clinicopathologic and pathologic findings of herpesvirus-induced urinary tract infection in conventionally reared cats. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1990a, 51, 1649-1655.
KRUGER J.M., OSBORNE C.A., GOYAL S.M., O'BRIEN T.D., POMEROY K.A., SEMLAK R.A. Clinicopathologic analysis of herpesvirus-induced urinary tract infection in specific-pathogen-free cats given methylprednisolone. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1990b, 51, 878-885.
KRUGER J.M., OSBORNE C.A., GOYAL S.M., WICKSTROM S.L., JOHNSTON G.R., FLETCHER T.F., BROWN P.A. Clinical evaluation of cats with lower urinary tract disease. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 1991, 199, 211-216.
KRUGER J.M., OSBORNE C.A. Recurrent, nonobstructive, idiopathic feline lower urinary tract disease: an illustrative case report. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc., 1995, 31, 312-316.
KRUGER J.M., VENTA P.J., SWENSON C.L., SYRING R., GIBBONS-BURGENER S.N., RICHTER M., MAES R.K. Prevalence of bovine herpesvirus-4 infection in cats in Central Michigan. J. Vet. Intern. Med., 2000, 14, 593-597.
KUNG S.H., MEDVECZKY P.G. Identification of a herpesvirus Saimiri cis-acting DNA fragment that permits stable replication of episomes in transformed T cells. J. Virol., 1996, 70, 1738-1744.
KURILLA M.G., HEINEMAN T., DAVENPORT L.C., KIEFF E., HUTT-FLETCHER L.M. A novel Epstein-Barr virus glycoprotein gp150 expressed from the BDLF3 open reading frame. Virology, 1995, 209, 108-121.
KWANG M.J. Virus isolation and serological investigation of bovine herpesvirus type 4 in Taiwan. J. Chin. Soc. Vet. Sci., 1999, 25, 50-54.
LAKE C.M., MOLESWORTH S.J., HUTT-FLETCHER L.M. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gN homolog BLRF1 encodes a 15-kilodalton glycoprotein that cannot be authentically processed unless it is coexpressed with the EBV gM homolog BBRF3. J. Virol., 1998, 72, 5559-5564.
LEVINGS R.L., KAEBERLE M.L., REED D.E. Cross-reactions of bovine herpesvirus 1 antigens with those of other cattle herpesviruses. Vet. Microbiol., 1984, 9, 329-344.
LI H., SHEN D.T., BURGER D., DAVIS W.C., GORHAM J.R. Analysis of bovine herpesvirus 4 (DN 599) major antigens with monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal immune serum. Arch. Virol., 1991, 119, 225-238.
LIEBERMANN H., SCHULZE P., KOKLES R., HANTSCHEL H. Isolation and identification of another new bovine herpesvirus. Arch. Exp. Veterinarmed., 1967, 21, 761-776.
LIN T.M., SHI G.Y., TSAI C.F., SU H.J., GUO Y.L., WU H.L. Susceptibility of endothelial cells to bovine herpesvirus type 4 (BHV-4). J. Virol. Methods, 1997, 63, 219-225.
LIN T.M., SHI G.Y., JIANG S.J., TSAI C.F., HWANG B.J., HSIEH C.T., WU H.L. Persistent infection of bovine herpesvirus type 4 in bovine endothelial cell cultures. Vet. Microbiol., 1999, 70, 41-53.
LIN T.M., JIANG M.J., ENG H.L., SHI G.Y., LAI L.C., HUANG B.J., HUANG K.Y., WU H.L. Experimental infection with bovine herpesvirus-4 enhances atherosclerotic process in rabbits. Lab. Invest., 2000, 80, 3-11.
LOMONTE P. Etude de l'organisation génomique de l'herpèsvirus bovin de type 4 et les produits d'expression des gènes gB, gL, Borf D1 (Thèse présentée en vue de l'obtention du titre de Docteur en Biochimie). Université de Liège: Liège, 1997, 171 p.
LOMONTE P., BUBLOT M., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Location and characterization of the bovine herpesvirus type 4 thymidine kinase gene; comparison with thymidine kinase genes of other herpesviruses. Arch. Virol., 1992, 127, 327-337.
LOMONTE P., BUBLOT M., VAN SANTEN V., KEIL G.M., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Analysis of bovine herpesvirus 4 genomic regions located outside the conserved gammaherpesvirus gene blocks. J. Gen. Virol., 1995, 76, 1835-1841.
LOMONTE P., BUBLOT M., VAN SANTEN V., KEIL G., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Bovine herpesvirus 4: genomic organization and relationship with two other gamma-herpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus and herpesvirus saimiri. Vet. Microbiol., 1996, 53, 79-89.
LOMONTE P., FILEE P., LYAKU J.R., BUBLOT M., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Glycoprotein B of bovine herpesvirus 4 is a major component of the virion, unlike that of two other gammaherpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus and murine gammaherpesvirus 68. J. Virol., 1997a, 71, 3332-3335.
LOMONTE P., FILEE P., LYAKU J.R., BUBLOT M., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Analysis of the biochemical proparties of, and complex formation between, glycoproteins H and L of the gamma2 herpesvirus bovine herpesvirus-4. J. Gen. Virol., 1997b, 78, 2015-2023.
LOPEZ O.J., GALEOTA J.A., OSORIO F.A. Bovine herpesvirus type-4 (BHV-4) persistently infects cells of the marginal zone of spleen in cattle. Microb. Pathog., 1996, 21, 47-58.
LORETU K., MARINOV P., GENOV I., BOHNEL H. Virus isolations from cases of infectious bovine pustlo-vulvovaginitis and posthitis (IPV/IPB) in cattle in Tanzania. Bull. Epizoot. Dis. Afr., 1974, 22, 303-310.
LUDWIG H. Bovine herpesviruses. In: Roizman B. (Eds.), The herpesviruses. Plenum Press: London, 1983.
LUINI M., FABBI M., CERVIO G. Isolamento di un herpesvirus da lesioni erosive linguali del bovino. Estratto sel. Vet., 1985, 26, 1131-1133.
LUINI M., FIONI E. Frequency of bovid-herpesvirus-4 (BHV 4) infection in cattle in some regions of Northern Italy. In: Abstracts of the 9th International Symposium of W.A.V.M.I., 1986a, 40.
LUINI M., FIONI E. Frequency of bovid-herpesvirus-4 (BHV 4) infection in cattle in Lombardia and Emilia Romagna (Abstract). Atti Società It. Buiat., 1986b, 18, 329-339.
LUKAC D.M., KIRSHNER J.R., GANEM D. Transcriptional activation by the product of open reading frame 50 of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is required for lytic viral reactivation in B cells. J. Virol., 1999, 73, 9348-9361.
LUPTON S., LEVINE A.J. Mapping genetic elements of Epstein-Barr virus that facilitate extrachromosomal persistence of Epstein-Barr virus-derived plasmids in human cells. Mol. Cell. Biol., 1985, 5, 2533-2542.
LUTHER P.D., BRADLEY P.G., HAIG D.A. The isolation and characterization of a herpesvirus from calf kidney cell cultures. Res. Vet. Sci., 1971, 12, 496-498.
MARCHOT P., THIRY E., JETTEUR P., LEROY P. Serological survey on the prevalence of bovine type-4 herpesvirus infection in cattle in the Accra plains of Ghana. Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop., 1991, 44, 405-406.
MARE J., VAN RESENBURG S.J. The isolation of viruses associated with infertility in cattle: a preliminary report. J. S. Afr. Vet. Med. Ass., 1961, 32, 201-210.
MARINOV P., GENOV I., BONEL K., LORETU K. Isolation of viruses from semen of cattle bulls and their effect on fertility of cows. Vet. Med. Nauki, 1974, 11, 26-33.
MARKINE-GORIAYNOFF N. Etude du gène Bo17 de l'herpèsvirus bovin 4 (mémoire défendu en vue de l'obtention d'un Diplôme d'études approfondies en Sciences vétérinaires). Université de Liège: Liège, 2001, 80 p.
MARKINE-GORIAYNOFF N. Etude du gène Bo17 de l'herpèsvirus bovin 4 (Thèse présentée en vue de l'obtention du grade de Docteur en Sciences Vétérinaires). Université de Liège: Liège, 2003, 150p.
MARKINE-GORIAYNOFF N., GEORGIN J.P., GOLTZ M., ZIMMERMANN W., BROLL H., WAMWAYI H.M., PASTORET P.-P., SHARP P.M., VANDERPLASSCHEN A. The core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferasemucin encoded by bovine herpesvirus 4 was acquired from an ancestor of the African buffalo. J. Virol., 2003, 77, 1784-1792.
MARKINE-GORIAYNOFF N., GILLET L., HAARR L., PASTORET P.-P., VANDERPLASSCHEN A. Encoding a functional core 2 b-1,6- Nacetylglucosaminyltransferase-M is a general feature of bovine herpesvirus 4 strains, non essential for viral replication in vitro. En préparation.
MASSE M.J., JONS A., DIJKSTRA J.M., METTENLEITER T.C., FLAMAND A. Glycoproteins gM and gN of pseudorabies virus are dispensable for viral penetration and propagation in the nervous systems of adult mice. J. Virol., 1999, 73, 10503-10507.
MCCOY S.B., MOHANTY S.B., ROCKEMAN D.D. Electron microscope autoradiographic study of bovine herpesvirus 4. Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. [B], 1985, 32, 368-374.
MCGEOCH D.J., COOK S., DOLAN A., JAMIESON F.E., TELFORD E.A. Molecular phylogeny and evolutionary timescale for the family of mammalian herpesviruses. J. Mol. Biol., 1995, 247, 443-458.
MCGEOCH D.J., DOLAN A., RALPH A.C. Toward a comprehensive phylogeny for mammalian and avian herpesviruses. J. Virol., 2000, 74, 10401-10406.
MCGEOCH D.J. Molecular evolution of the gamma-Herpesvirinae. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci., 2001, 356, 421-435.
MCGOWAN A.C., MURRAY R.D. Health status of bulls used for natural breeding on farms in south west Scotland. Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. [B], 1999, 46, 311-321.
MEERSSCHAERT C., THIRY E., PASTORET P.-P. Epizootiologie des infections à herpèsvirus chez les ruminants sauvages. II. Les virus de la thélite herpétique bovine et du coryza gangréneux et les autres herpèsvirus isolés des ruminants. Revue Elev. Méd. Vét. Pays trop., 1988, 41, 235-242.
METTENLEITER T.C. Herpesvirus assembly and egress. J. Virol., 2002, 76, 1537-1547.
METZLER A.E., WYLER R. Prevalence of bovine herpesvirus 4 in the Swiss cattle population and possible serologic cross reaction with bovine herpesvirus 1 (IBR/IPV virus). Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilkd., 1986a, 128, 459-467.
METZLER A.E., WYLER R. Prävalenz des bovinen Herpesvirus 4 in der schweizerischen Rinder-Population und mögliche serologische Kreuzrektion mit dem bovinen Herpesvirus 1. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk., 1986b, 128, 459-467.
METZLER A.E., OSSENT P., GUSCETTI F., RUBEL A., LANG E.M. Serological evidence of herpesvirus infection in captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). J. Wildl. Dis., 1990, 26, 41-49.
MINSON A.C., DAVISON A., EBERLE R., DESROSIERS R.C., FLECKENSTEIN B., MCGEOCH D.J., PELLET P.E., ROIZMAN B., STUDDERT D.M.J. Family Herpesvirus. In: van Regenmortel M.H.V., Fauquet C.M., Bishop D.H.L., Carstens E.B., Estes M.K., Lemon S.M., Maniloff J., Mayo M.A., McGeoch D.J., Pringle C.R., Wickner R.B. (Eds.), Virus taxonomy. Seventh report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Academic Press: London, 2000, 203-225.
MOHANTY S.B., HAMMOND R.C., LILLIE M.G. A new bovine herpesvirus and its effect on experimentally infected calves. Arch. Gesamt. Virusforsch., 1971, 34, 394-395.
MOHANTY S.B., LILLIE M.G., INGLING A.L., HAMMOND R.C. Effects of an experimentally induced herpesvirus infection in calves. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 1972, 161, 1008-1011.
MOHANTY S.B. A rapid embedding technique for electron microscopic study of a bovine herpesvirus. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. [Orig A], 1973, 224, 61-64.
MOHANTY S.B., ROCKEMANN D.D., SNYDER D.B. Serologic cross-reaction between bovine herpesviruses 1 and 4 by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Microbiologica, 1984, 7, 179-186.
MORENO-LOPEZ J., GOLTZ M., REHBINDER C., VALSALA K.V., LUDWIG H. A bovine herpesvirus (BHV-4) as passenger virus in ethmoidal tumours in Indian cattle. Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. [B], 1989, 36, 481-486.
MUNZ E., GOEBEL E., RWEYEMAMU M.M. Electron microscopical studies on "non-syncytia forming" bovine herpes viruses isolated in Tanzania. J. Comp. Pathol., 1974, 84, 485-494.
NAEEM K., GOYAL S.M., WERDIN R.E. Prevalence of bovid herpesvirus-4 and its antibody in cattle in Minnesota. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1989, 50, 1931-1935.
NAEEM K., CAYWOOD D.D., WERDIN R.E., GOYAL S.M. Evaluation of pregnant rabbits as a laboratory model for bovid herpesvirus-4 infection. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1990, 51, 640-644.
NAEEM K., GOYAL S.M. A dot immunobinding assay on nitrocellulose for the detection of bovid herpesvirus-4 antibodies. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 1990, 2, 107-110.
NAEEM K., CAYWOOD D.D., GOYAL S.M., WERDIN R.E., MURTAUGH M.P. Variation in the pathogenic potential and molecular characteristics of bovid herpesvirus-4 isolates. Vet. Microbiol., 1991a, 27, 1-18.
NAEEM K., MURTAUGH M.P., GOYAL S.M. Tissue distribution of bovid herpesvirus-4 in inoculated rabbits and its detection by DNA hybridization and polymerase chain reaction. Arch. Virol., 1991b, 119, 239-255.
NAKANE T., HARA T., SAIKA K., HIROSE O., KAZAMA T. Isolation of bovine herpesvirus type 4 from the spinal cord of a cow. In: Abstract book of the 129th Meeting of the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science, 2000.
NEIPEL F., ALBRECHT J.C., FLECKENSTEIN B. Human herpesvirus 8 - the first human Rhadinovirus. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. Monogr., 1998, 23, 73-77.
NEUHIERL B., FEEDERLE R., HAMMERSCHMIDT W., DELECLUSE H.J. Glycoprotein gp110 of Epstein-Barr virus determines viral tropism and efficiency of infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2002, 99, 15036-15041.
NICHOLAS J. Evolutionary aspects of oncogenic herpesviruses. Mol. Pathol., 2000, 53, 222-237.
OSORIO F.A., REED D.E., ROCK D.L. Experimental infection of rabbits with bovine herpesvirus-4: acute and persistent infection. Vet. Microbiol., 1982, 7, 503-513.
OSORIO F.A., REED D.E. Experimental inoculation of cattle with bovine herpesvirus-4: evidence for a lymphoid-associated persistent infection. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1983, 44, 975-980.
OSORIO F.A., ROCK D.L., REED D.E. Studies on the pathogenesis of a bovine cytomegalo-like virus in an experimental host. J. Gen. Virol., 1985a, 66, 1941-1951.
OSORIO F.A., REED D.E., VAN DER MAATEN M.J., METZ C.A. Comparison of the herpesviruses of cattle by DNA restriction endonuclease analysis and serologic analysis. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1985b, 46, 2104-2109.
OSORIO F.A., GALEOTA-WHEELER J.A., REED D.E., LOPEZ O. About the cellular tropism of the gammaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus type 4. J. Clin. Microbiol., 1996, 34, 3253-3254.
PARKS J.B., KENDRICK J.W. The isolation and partial characterization of a herpesvirus from a case of bovine metritis. Arch. Gesamte Virusforsch., 1973, 41, 211-215.
PETERSON R.B., GOYAL S.M. Propagation and quantitation of animal herpesviruses in eight cell culture systems. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 1988, 11, 93-98.
PHILLIPS R.M., EDWARDS A.J., SMITH J.C. The isolation of bovine herpesvirus 3 (DN-599) and a serological survey of feedlot cattle for antibodies to this virus. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 1983, 393-398.
PHILLIPS R.M., NASSAR R.F. A serological study of human herpesvirus simplex 1 and bovine herpesvirus 1, 2 and 4 in Kansas cattle. Bovine Pract., 1989, 24, 14-17.
PLOWRIGHT W., MACADAM R.F.M., ARMSTRONG J.A. Growth and characterisation of the virus of bovine malignant catarrhal fever in East Africa. J. Gen. Microbiol., 1965, 39, 253-266.
PLOWRIGHT W. Malignant catarrhal fever. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 1968, 152, 795-803.
POFFENBERGER K.L., ROIZMAN B. A noninverting genome of a viable herpes simplex virus 1: presence of head-to-tail linkages in packaged genomes and requirements for circularization after infection. J. Virol., 1985, 53, 587-595.
POTGIETER L.N., MARE C.J. Assay and antigenic interrelationships of the recently isolated bovine herpesviruses, DN599, FTC, and V11. Arch. Gesamte Virusforsch., 1974, 46, 238-247.
RAFTERY M., MULLER A., SCHONRICH G. Herpesvirus homologues of cellular genes. Virus Genes, 2000, 21, 65-75.
REED D.E., LANGPAP T.J., ANSON M.A. Characterization of herpesviruses isolated from lactating dairy cows with mammary pustular dermatitis. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1977, 38, 1631-1634.
REED D.E., LANGPAP T.J., BERGELAND M.E. Bovine abortion associated with mixed Movar 33/63 type herpesvirus and bovine viral diarrhea virus infection. Cornell Vet., 1979, 69, 54-66.
RICH L.J., FABRICANT C.G. Urethral obstruction in male cats: transmission studies. Can. J. Comp. Med., 1969, 33, 164-165.
ROIZMAN B., DESROSIERS R.C., FLECKENSTEIN B., LOPEZ C., MINSON A.C., STUDDERT M.J. The family Herpesviridae. Arch. Virol., 1992, 123, 425-449.
ROIZMAN B., KNIPE D.M. Herpes simplex viruses and their replication. In: Knipe D.M. , Howley P.M. (Eds.), Fields Virology (4th edition). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers: Philadelphia, 2001, 2399-2460.
ROIZMAN B., PELLET P.E. The family Herpesviridae: a brief introduction. In: Knipe D.M., Howley P.M. (Eds.), Fields Virology (4th edition). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers: Philadelphia, 2001, 2381-2397.
ROSSITER P.B., MUSHI E.Z., PLOWRIGHT W. The development of antibodies in rabbits and cattle infected experimentally with an african strain of malignant catarrhal fever virus. Vet. Microbiol., 1977, 2, 57-66.
ROSSITER P.B., GUMM I.D., MIRANGI P.K. Immunological relationships between malignant catarrhal fever virus (alcelaphine herpesvirus 1) and bovine cytomegalovirus (bovine herpesvirus 3). Vet. Microbiol., 1988, 16, 211-218.
ROSSITER P.B., GUMM I.D., STAGG D.A., CONRAD P.A., MUKOLWE S., DAVIES F.G., WHITE H. Isolation of bovine herpesvirus-3 from African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer). Res. Vet. Sci., 1989, 46, 337-343.
RUDOLPH J., OSTERRIEDER N. Equine herpesvirus type 1 devoid of gM and gp2 is severely impaired in virus egress but not direct cell-to-cell spread. Virology, 2002, 293, 356-367.
RÜGER R., DANIEL M.D., FLECKENSTEIN B. Herpesvirus aotus type 2, a virus related to the oncogenic herpesviruses of new world primates. Zentralbl. Bakter. Parasit. Infektionskrankh. Hyg., Abteilung. I, Originale A, 1980, 246, 241.
RUSSO J.J., BOHENZKY R.A., CHIEN M.C., CHEN J., YAN M., MADDALENA D., PARRY J.P., PERUZZI D., EDELMAN I.S., CHANG Y., MOORE P.S. Nucleotide sequence of the Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (HHV8). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1996, 93, 14862-14867.
RWEYEMAMU M.M., LORETU K. Isolation of "non-syncytia forming" herpes viruses from cattle in Tanzania. J. Comp. Pathol., 1973, 83, 377-386.
SASS B., MOHANTY S.B., HETRICK F.M. Fluorescent antibody study of a new bovine herpesvirus (strain DN-599). Am. J. Vet. Res., 1974, 35, 1343-1346.
SCHULZE P.H., LIEBERMANN H., HANTSCHEL H., BARTHAA., JUHASZ M. Licht-und elektronmikroskopische Untersuchungen an einem neuartigen bovinen Herpesvirus. Arch. Exp. Veterinaermed., 1967, 21, 747-759.
SCIORTINO M.T., PERRI D., MEDICI M.A., FOTI M., ORLANDELLA B.M., MASTINO A. The gamma-2-herpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 4 causes apoptotic infection in permissive cell lines. Virology, 2000, 277, 27-39.
SEARLES R.P., BERGQUAM E.P., AXTHELM M.K., WONG S.W. Sequence and genomic analysis of a Rhesus macaque rhadinovirus with similarity to Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8. J. Virol., 1999, 73, 3040-3053.
SIMAS J.P., EFSTATHIOU S. Murine gammaherpesvirus 68: a model for the study of gammaherpesvirus pathogenesis. Trends Microbiol., 1998, 6, 276-282.
SMITH J.D. An additional role for the outer nuclear membrane in the morphogenesis of herpes simplex virus. Intervirology, 1980, 13, 312-316.
SMITH P.C., CUTLIP R.C., RITCHIE A.E., YOUNG J.K. A bovine herpesvirus associated with a disease of the upper respiratory tract of feedlot cattle. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 1972, 161, 1134-1141.
SODEIK B., EBERSOLD M.W., HELENIUS A. Microtubule-mediated transport of incoming herpes simplex virus 1 capsids to the nucleus. J. Cell Biol., 1997, 136, 1007-1021.
SPIRIG C., ACKERMANN M., MULLER H.K., BRUCKNER L., KIHM U. Serologic and virologic studies of selected cattle with antibodies to bovine herpesviruses. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilkd., 1989, 131, 195-204.
STACZEK J. Animal cytomegaloviruses. Microbiol. Rev., 1990, 54, 247-265.
STEVENS G.S. Latency. In: Granoff A., Webster R.G. (eds.), Encyclopedia of Virology. Academic press: San Diego, 1999, 897-900.
STORZ J. Comments on malignant catarrhal fever. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 1968, 152, 804-806.
STORZ J., EHLERS B., TODD W.J., LUDWIG H. Bovine cytomegaloviruses: identification and differential properties. J. Gen. Virol., 1984, 65, 697-706.
SULLIVAN D.C., ALLEN G.P., O'CALLAGHAN D.J. Synthesis and processing of equine herpesvirus type 1 glycoprotein 14. Virology, 1989, 173, 638-646.
SUNIL-CHANDRA N.P., EFSTATHIOU S., NASH A.A. Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 establishes a latent infection in mouse B lymphocytes in vivo. J. Gen. Virol., 1992, 73, 3275-3279.
TELFORD E.A., WATSON M.S., AIRD H.C., PERRY J., DAVISON A.J. The DNA sequence of equine herpesvirus 2. J. Mol. Biol., 1995, 249, 520-528.
THEODORIDIS A. Preliminary characterization of viruses isolated from cases of epididymitis and vaginitis in cattle. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res., 1978, 45, 187-195.
THEODORIDIS A. Studies on bovine herpesviruses. Part 1. Isolation and characterization of viruses isolated from the genital tract of cattle. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res., 1985, 52, 239-254.
THIRY E., PASTORET P.-P., DESSY-DOIZE C., HANZEN C., CALBERG-BACQ C.M., DAGENAIX L., VINDEVOGEL H., ECTORS F. Réactivation d'un herpèsvirus en culture de cellules testiculaires prélevées chez un taureau atteint d'orchite et d'azoospermie. Ann. Méd. Vét., 1981a, 125, 207-214.
THIRY E., PASTORET P.-P., DESSY-DOIZE C., HANZEN C., CALBERG-BACQ C.M. Herpesvirus in infertile bull's testicle. Vet. rec., 1981b, 108, 426.
THIRY E., VERCOUTER M., DUBUISSON J., BARRAT J., SEPULCHRE C., GERARDY C., MEERSSCHAERT C., COLLIN B., BLANCOU J., PASTORET P.-P. Serological survey of herpesvirus infections in wild ruminants of France and Belgium. J. Wildl. Dis., 1988, 24, 268-273.
THIRY E., BUBLOT M., DUBUISSON J., PASTORET P.-P. Bovine herpesvirus-4 (BHV-4) infections of cattle. In: Wittmann G. (Eds.), Herpesvirus diseases of cattle, horse and pigs: developments in veterinary virology. Kluwer academic Publishers: Boston, 1989, 96-115.
THIRY E., DUBUISSON J., BUBLOT M., VAN BRESSEM M.F., PASTORET P.-P. The biology of bovine herpesvirus-4 infection of cattle. Dtsch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr., 1990, 97, 72-77.
THIRY E., CHAPPUIS G., BUBLOT M., VAN BRESSEM M.F., DUBUISSON J., PASTORET P.-P. Failure to infect cats with bovine herpesvirus type-4 strain Movar 33/63. Vet. Rec., 1991, 128, 614-615.
THIRY E., BUBLOT M., DUBUISSON J., LEQUARRE A.S., LOMONTE P., VAN BRESSEM M.F., VANDERPLASSCHEN A., PASTORET P.-P. La biologie du bovine herpesvirus 4. Ann. Méd. Vét., 1992a, 136, 617-624.
THIRY E., BUBLOT M., DUBUISSON J., VAN BRESSEM M.F., LEQUARRE A.S., LOMONTE P., VANDERPLASSCHEN A., PASTORET P.-P. Molecular biology of bovine herpesvirus type 4. Vet. Microbiol., 1992b, 33, 79-92.
THIRY E., BARANOWSKI E., LOMONTE P., VANDERPLASSCHEN A., BUBLOT M., DUBUISSON J., PASTORET P.-P. Les glycoprotéines des herpèsvirus bovins 1 et 4. In: El Hassane Diop P., Kaekenbeeck A. (Eds.), Biotechnologies du diagnostic et de la prévention des maladies animales. John Libbey Eurotext: Paris, 1994, 245-257.
THIRY E., MARKINE-GORIAYNOFF N., MINNER F., PASTORET P.-P., VANDERPLASSCHEN A. L'herpèsvirus bovin de type 4: virus pathogène ou passager? Point vet., 2000, 31, 49-55.
TISCHER B.K., SCHUMACHER D., MESSERLE M., WAGNER M., OSTERRIEDER N. The products of the UL10 (gM) and the UL49.5 genes of Marek's disease virus serotype 4 are essential for virus growth in cultured cells. J. Gen. Virol, 2002, 83, 997-1003.
TODD W. J., STORZ J. Morphogenesis of a cytomegalovirus from an american bison affected with malignant catarrhal fever. J. Gen. Virol., 1983, 64, 1025-1030.
TOHO T., KANAYA K., OKI Y. Experimental transmission to calf and goat of the virus associated with the cultured T-cell lymphoma cell line from the calf type of bovine leukosis. I. Detection of antibodies to BTLA by immunofluorescence assay. Bull. Nipp. Vet. Zootech. Coll., 1985, 34, 23-26.
TRUMAN D. Bovines herpesvirus typ 4 (BHV-4) eine studie zur Biologie und Verbreitung. Inaugural-Dissertation Zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Veterinärmedizin an der Freie Universität Berlin, Universität Berlin, Berlin, 1985, p 285.
TRUMAN D., LUDWIG H., STORZ J. Bovine herpesvirus type 4 (BHV-4): studies on biology and transmission in cattle herds and insemination bulls. Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. [B], 1986, 33, 485-501.
VAN MALDEREN G., VAN OPDENBOSCH E., WELLEMANS G. Bovien herpes virus 1 en 4: een sero-epidemiologisch onderzoek van de Belgische Rundveestapel. Vlaams Diergeneesk. Tijdschr., 1987, 56, 364-371.
VAN OPDENBOSCH E., WELLEMANS G., ANTOINE H., BROERS A., CHARLIER G. Chronic metritis, associated with various symptoms: an immunodepressive herpes virus (LVR 140) as etiological agent? Vlaams Diergeneesk. Tijdschr., 1984, 53, 21-30.
VAN OPDENBOSCH E., WELLEMANS G., OUDEWATER J. Toevallige isolatie van het boviene herpesvirus 4 uit de long van een schaap. Vlaams Diergeneesk. Tijdschr., 1986a, 55, 432.
VAN OPDENBOSCH E., WELLEMANS G., THEYS H., VERHEES I. Occurence of subclinical virus infection in veal calves and their influence on weight gain. Vlaams Diergeneesk. Tijdschr., 1986b, 50, 17-20.
VAN OPDENBOSCH E., WELLEMANS G., OOMS L.A., DEGRYSE A.D. BHV4 (bovine herpes virus 4) related disorders in Belgian cattle: a study of two problem herds. Vet. Res. Commun., 1988, 12, 347-353.
VAN SANTEN V.L. Characterization of the bovine herpesvirus 4 major immediate-early transcript. J. Virol., 1991, 65, 5211-5224.
VAN SANTEN V.L. Characterization of a bovine herpesvirus 4 immediate-early RNA encoding a homolog of the Epstein-Barr virus R transactivator. J. Virol., 1993, 67, 773-784.
VANDERPLASSCHEN A., BUBLOT M., DUBUISSON J., PASTORET P.-P., THIRY E. Attachment of the gammaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 4 is mediated by the interaction of gp8 glycoprotein with heparinlike moieties on the cell surface. Virology, 1993, 196, 232-240.
VANDERPLASSCHEN A., GOLTZ M., LYAKU J., BENARAFA C., BUHK H.J., THIRY E., PASTORET P.-P. The replication in vitro of the gammaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 4 is restricted by its DNA synthesis dependence on the S phase of the cell cycle. Virology, 1995, 213, 328-340.
VANDERPLASSCHEN A., MARKINE-GORIAYNOFF N., LOMONTE P., SUZUKI M., HIRAOKA N., YEH J.C., BUREAU F., WILLEMS L., THIRY E., FUKUDA M., PASTORET P.-P. A multipotential beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase is encoded by bovine herpesvirus type 4. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2000, 97, 5756-5761.
VIRGIN H.W., LATREILLE P., WAMSLEY P., HALLSWORTH K., WECK K.E., DAL CANTO A.J., SPECK S.H. Complete sequence and genomic analysis of murine gammaherpesvirus 68. J. Virol., 1997, 71, 5894-5904.
WANG G.H., BERTIN J., WANG Y., MARTIN D.A., WANG J., TOMASELLI K.J., ARMSTRONG R.C., COHEN J.I. Bovine herpesvirus 4 BORFE2 protein inhibits Fas-and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1-induced apoptosis and contains death effector domains shared with other gamma-2 herpesviruses. J. Virol., 1997, 71, 8928-8932.
WECK K.E., KIM S.S., VIRGIN H.I., SPECK S.H. Macrophages are the major reservoir of latent murine gammaherpesvirus 68 in peritoneal cells. J. Virol., 1999, 73, 3273-3283.
WELLEMANS G., ANTOINE H., BROES A., CHARLIER G., VAN OPDENBOSCH E. Isolement d'un virus Herpès chez des bovins atteints de métrite post-partum. Ann. Méd. Vét., 1983, 127, 481-482.
WELLEMANS G. Symptomatologie variée apparaîssant lors des métrites chroniques associées à un virus herpès chez les bovins. Ann. Méd. Vét., 1984, 128, 614-615.
WELLEMANS G., VAN OPDENBOSCH E., MAMMERICKX M. Experimental inoculation of bovine herpesvirus 4 (strain LVR 140) in pregnant and nonpregnant cows. Ann. Rech. Vet., 1986, 17, 89-94.
WELLEMANS G., VAN OPDENBOSCH E. Transmission horizontale du virus BHV-4 à des génisses. Ann. Méd. Vét., 1987, 121, 487-491.
WELLEMANS G., VAN OPDENBOSCH E. Association entre l'infection par le BHV-4 et l'avortement chez la vache. Ann. Méd. Vét., 1989, 133, 347-350.
WELLENBERG G.J., VAN ROOIJ E.M., MAISSAN J., VAN OIRSCHOT J.T. Evaluation of newly developed immunoperoxidase monolayer assays for detection of antibodies against bovine herpesvirus 4. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol., 1999, 6, 447-451.
WELLENBERG G.J., VAN DER POEL W.H.M., VAN DER VORST T.J.K., VAN VALKENGOED P.H.R., SCHUKKEN Y.H., WAGENAAR F., VAN OIRSCHOT J.T. Bovine herpesvirus 4 in bovine clinical mastitis. Vet. Rec., 2000, 147, 222-225.
WELLENBERG G.J., VERSTRATEN E.R., BELAK S., VERSCHUREN S.B., RIJSEWIJK F.A., PESHEV R., VAN OIRSCHOT J.T. Detection of bovine herpesvirus 4 glycoprotein B and thymidine kinase DNA by PCR assays in bovine milk. J. Virol. Methods, 2001, 97, 101-112.
WELLENBERG G.J. Bovine herpesvirus 4 infections and bovine mastitis (Thèse présentée en vue de l'obtention du titre de Docteur en Sciences Vétérinaire). University of Utrecht: Lelystad, 2002, 187 p.
WELLENBERG G.J., BRUSCHKE C.J., WISSELINK H.J., BARKEMA H.W., VAN OIRSCHOT J.T. Simultaneous intramammary and intranasal inoculation of lactating cows with bovine herpesvirus 4 induce subclinical mastitis. Vet. Microbiol., 2002a, 86, 115-129.
WELLENBERG G.J., VAN DER POEL W.H., VAN OIRSCHOT J.T. Viral infections and bovine mastitis: a review. Vet. Microbiol., 2002b, 88, 27-45.
WOLDEMESKEL M., KEBEDE E., YIGEZU L., POTGIETER L.N. Prevalence of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and bovine herpesvirus-4 (BHV-4) in cattle from Ethiopia. Dtsch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr., 2000, 107, 464-466.
YAMAMOTO Y., MURAKAMI K., INOSHIMA Y., NAKANE T., SAIKA K., SENTSUI H. Characterization of a bovine herpesvirus type 4 isolated from the spinal cord of a cow with astasia. Arch. Virol., 2000, 145, 2363-2370.
YATES J., WARREN N., REISMAN D., SUGDEN B. A cis-acting element from the Epstein-Barr viral genome that permits stable replication of recombinant plasmids in latently infected cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1984, 81, 3806-3810.
ZHANG L., VAN SANTEN V.L. Interaction of bovine herpesvirus 4 (BHV-4) immediate early 2 gene product with BHV-4 thymidine kinase promoter-regulatory region. J. Gen. Virol., 1995, 76, 2433-2445.
ZIMMERMANN W., BROLL H., EHLERS B., BUHK H.J., ROSENTHAL A., GOLTZ M. Genome sequence of bovine herpesvirus 4, a bovine Rhadinovirus, and identification of an origin of DNA replication. J. Virol., 2001, 75, 1186-1194.