Abramson, S.B., Attur, M., Amin, A.R., and Clancy, R. (2001) Nitric oxide and inflammatory mediators in the perpetuation of osteoarthritis. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep. 3(6), 535-541.
Aigner, T., Rose, J., Martin, J., and Buckwalter, J. (2004) Aging theories of primary osteoarthritis: from epidemiology to molecular biology. Rejuvenation Res. 7(2), 134-145.
Airley, R.E. and Mobasheri, A. (2007) Hypoxic regulation of glucose transport, anaerobic metabolism and angiogenesis in cancer: novel pathways and targets for anticancer therapeutics. Chemotherapy 53(4), 233-256.
Always, S.E., Bennett, B.T., Wilson, J.C., Edens, N.K., and Pereira, S.L. (2014) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate improves plantaris muscle recovery after disuse in aged rats. Exp. Gerontol. 50, 82-94.
Archer, C.W. and Francis-West, P. (2003) The chondrocyte. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 35(4), 401-404.
Bartlett, D.B., Firth, C.M., Phillips, A.C., Moss, P., Baylis, D., Syddall, H., et al. (2012) Theage-related increase in low-grade systemic inflammation (inflammaging) is not driven by cytomegalovirus infection. Aging Cell 11(5), 912-915.
Baselga-Escudero, L., Blade, C., Ribas-Latre, A., Casanova, E., Suarez, M., Torres, J.L., et al. (2014) Resveratrol and EGCG bind directly and distinctively to miR-33a and miR-122 and modulate divergently their levels in hepatic cells. Nucleic Acids Res.42(2), 882-892.
Berenbaum, F. (2013) Osteoarthritis as an inflammatory disease (osteoarthritis is not osteoarthrosis!). Osteoarthr Cartilage 21(1), 16-21.
Biesalski, H.K. (2008) Parenteral ascorbic acid as a key for regulating microcirculation in critically ill. Crit. Care Med. 36(8), 2466-2468.
Biesalski, H.K. and Tinz, J. (2008) Nutritargeting. Adv. Food Nutr. Res. 54, 179-217.
Blanco, F.J., Lopez-Armada, M.J., and Maneiro, E. (2004) Mitochondrial dysfunction in osteoarthritis. Mitochondrion 4(5-6), 715-728.
Blanco, F.J., Rego, I., and Ruiz-Romero, C. (2011) The role of mitochondria in osteoarthritis. Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. 7(3), 161-169.
Buckwalter, J.A., Mankin, H.J., and Grodzinsky, A.J. (2005) Articular cartilage and osteoarthritis. Instr. Course Lect. 54, 465-480.
Buryanovskyy, L., Fu, Y., Boyd, M., Ma, Y., Hsieh, T.C., Wu, J.M., et al. (2004) Crystal structure of quinone reductase 2 in complex with resveratrol. Biochemistry 43(36), 11417-11426.
Cakman, I., Rohwer, J., Schutz, R.M., Kirchner, H., and Rink, L. (1996) Dysregulation between TH1 and TH2 T cell subpopulations in the elderly. Mech. Ageing Dev. 87(3), 197-209.
Carames, B., Taniguchi, N., Otsuki, S., Blanco, F.J., and Lotz, M. (2010) Autophagy is a protective mechanism in normal cartilage, and its aging-related loss is linked with cell death and osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 62(3), 791-801.
Conboy, I.M., Conboy, M.J., Wagers, A.J., Girma, E.R., Weissman, I.L., and Rando, T.A. (2005) Rejuvenation of aged progenitor cells by exposure to a young systemic environment. Nature 433(7027), 760-764.
Di Paola, R. and Cuzzocrea, S. (2008) Predictivity and sensitivity of animal models of arthritis. Autoimmun. Rev. 8(1), 73-75.
Diniz, B.S., Teixeira, A.L., Ojopi, E.B., Talib, L.L., Mendonca, V.A., Gattaz, W.F., et al. (2010) Higher serum sTNFR1 level predicts conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease. J. Alzheimer's Dis. 22(4), 1305-1311.
Dorchies, O.M., Wagner, S., Vuadens, O., Waldhauser, K., Buetler, T.M., Kucera, P., et al. (2006) Green tea extract and its major polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin gallate improve muscle function in a mouse model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Ph.290(2), C616-C625.
Egloff, C., Sawatsky, A., Leonard, T., Hart, D.A., Valderrabano, V., and Herzog, W. (2014) Effect of muscle weakness and joint inflammation on the onset and progression of osteoarthritis in the rabbit knee. Osteoarthr. Cartilage 22(11), 1886-1893.
Ehrlich, G.E. (2003) The rise of osteoarthritis. B. World Health Organ. 81(9), 630.
El-Mowafy, A.M. and Alkhalaf, M. (2003) Resveratrol activates adenylyl-cyclase in human breast cancer cells: a novel, estrogen receptor-independent cytostatic mechanism. Carcinogenesis 24(5), 869-873.
Ershler, W.B., Sun, W.H., Binkley, N., Gravenstein, S., Volk, M.J., Kamoske, G., et al. (1993) Interleukin-6 and aging: blood levels and mononuclear cell production increase with advancing age and in vitro production is modifiable by dietary restriction. Lymphokine Cytok. Res. 12(4), 225-230.
Fagiolo, U., Cossarizza, A., Scala, E., Fanales-Belasio, E., Ortolani, C., Cozzi, E., et al. (1993) Increased cytokine production in mononuclear cells of healthy elderly people. Eur. J. Immunol. 23(9), 2375-2378.
Fernandez-Real, J.M., Vayreda, M., Richart, C., Gutierrez, C., Broch, M., Vendrell, J., et al. (2001) Circulating interleukin 6 levels, blood pressure, and insulin sensitivity in apparently healthy men and women. J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 86(3), 1154-1159.
Forsey RJ, Thompson JM, Ernerudh J, Hurst TL, Strindhall J, Johansson B, et al. (2003) Plasma cytokine profiles in elderly humans. Mech. Ageing Dev. 124(4), 487-493.
Franceschi, C. and Bonafe, M. (2003) Centenarians as a model for healthy aging. Biochem Soc Trans 31(2), 457-461.
Franceschi, C., Capri, M., Monti, D., Giunta, S., Olivieri, F., Sevini, F., et al. (2007) Inflammaging and anti-inflammaging: a systemic perspective on aging and longevity emerged from studies in humans. Mech. Ageing Dev. 128(1), 92-105.
Fujita, J., Tsujinaka, T., Ebisui, C., Yano, M., Shiozaki, H., Katsume, A., et al. (1996) Role of interleukin-6 in skeletal muscle protein breakdown and cathepsin activity in vivo. Eur. Surg. Res. 28(5), 361-366.
Gillis, S., Kozak, R., Durante, M., and Weksler, M.E. (1981) Immunological studies of aging. Decreased production of and response to T-cell growth factor by lymphocytes from aged humans. J. Clin. Invest. 67(4), 937-942.
Gloire, G., Legrand-Poels, S., and Piette, J. (2006) NF-kappaB activation by reactive oxygen species: fifteen years later. Biochem. Pharmacol. 72(11), 1493-1505.
Goldring, M.B. and Goldring, S.R. (2007) Osteoarthritis. J. Cell Physiol. 213(3), 626-634.
Goto, M. (2008) Inflammaging (inflammation + aging): A driving force for human aging based on an evolutionarily antagonistic pleiotropy theory? Biosci. Trends 2(6), 218-230.
Gu, X.S., Wang, Z.B., Ye, Z., Lei, J.P., Li, L., Su, D.F., et al. (2014) Resveratrol, an activator of SIRT1, upregulates AMPK and improves cardiac function in heart failure. Genet. Mol. Res. 13(1), 323-335.
Gutierrez-Salmean, G., Ciaraldi, T.P., Nogueira, L., Barboza, J., Taub, P.R., Hogan, M.C., et al. (2014) Effects of (-)-epicatechin on molecular modulators of skeletal muscle growth and differentiation. J. Nutr. Biochem. 25(1), 91-94.
Haddad, F., Zaldivar, F., Cooper, D.M., and Adams, G.R. (2005) IL-6-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. J. Appl. Physiol. 98(3), 911-917.
Hart, P.H., Vitti, G.F., Burgess, D.R., Whitty, G.A., Piccoli, D.S., and Hamilton, J.A. (1989) Potential antiinflammatory effects of interleukin 4: suppression of human monocyte tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1, and prostaglandin E2. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 86(10), 3803-3807.
Hemdan, D.I., Hirasaka, K., Nakao, R., Kohno, S., Kagawa, S., Abe, T., et al. (2009) Polyphenols prevent clinorotation-induced expression of atrogenes in mouse C2C12 skeletal myotubes. J. Med. Invest. 56(1-2), 26-32.
Henrotin, Y., Deby-Dupont, G., Deby, C., Franchimont, P., and Emerit, I. (1992) Active oxygen species, articular inflammation and cartilage damage. E.X.S. 62, 308-322.
Henrotin, Y. and Kurz, B. (2007) Antioxidant to treat osteoarthritis: dream or reality? Curr. Drug Targets 8(2), 347-357.
Henrotin, Y.E., Bruckner, P., and Pujol, J.P. (2003) The role of reactive oxygen species in homeostasis and degradation of cartilage. Osteoarthr. Cartilage 11(10), 747-755.
Hiran, T.S., Moulton, P.J., and Hancock, J.T. (1997) Detection of superoxide and NADPH oxidase in porcine articular chondrocytes. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 23(5), 736-743.
Hiran, T.S., Moulton, P.J., and Hancock, J.T. (1998) In situ detection of superoxide anions within porcine articular cartilage. Br. J. Biomed. Sci. 55(3), 199-203.
Hollinger, K., Shanely, R.A., Quindry, J.C., and Selsby, J.T. (2014) Long-term quercetin dietary enrichment decreases muscle injury in mdx mice. Clin. Nutr. 34(3), 515-22.
Imhof, H., Sulzbacher, I., Grampp, S., Czerny, C., Youssefzadeh, S., and Kainberger, F. (2000) Subchondral bone and cartilage disease: a rediscovered functional unit. Invest. Radiol. 35(10), 581-588.
Jackson, J.R., Ryan, M.J., and Always, S.E. (2011) Long-term supplementation with resveratrol alleviates oxidative stress but does not attenuate sarcopenia in aged mice. J. Gerontol. A-Biol. 66(7), 751-764.
Janssen, S.P., Gayan-Ramirez, G., van den Bergh, A., Herijgers, P., Maes, K., Verbeken, E., et al. (2005) Interleukin-6 causes myocardial failure and skeletal muscle atrophy in rats. Circulation 111(8), 996-1005.
Kim, H., Suzuki, T., Saito, K., Yoshida, H., Kojima, N., Kim, M., et al. (2013) Effects of exercise and tea catechins on muscle mass, strength and walking ability in community-dwelling elderly Japanese sarcopenic women: a randomized controlled trial. Geriatr. Gerontol. Int. 13(2), 458-465.
Kimura, Y., Okuda, H., and Arichi, S. (1985) Effects of stilbenes on arachidonate metabolism in leukocytes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 834(2), 275-278.
Krabbe, K.S., Pedersen, M., and Bruunsgaard, H. (2004) Inflammatory mediators in the elderly. Exp. Gerontol. 39(5), 687-699.
Kundu, J.K., Shin, Y.K., Kim, S.H., and Surh, Y.J. (2006) Resveratrol inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of COX-2 and activation of NF-kappaB in mouse skin by blocking IkappaB kinase activity. Carcinogenesis 27(7), 1465-1474.
Lafont, J.E. (2010) Lack of oxygen in articular cartilage: consequences for chondrocyte biology. Int. J. Exp. Pathol. 91(2), 99-106.
Lencel, P. and Magne, D. (2011) Inflammaging: the driving force in osteoporosis? Med. Hypotheses 76(3), 317-321.
Levick, J.R. (1995) Microvascular architecture and exchange in synovial joints. Microcirculation 2(3), 217-233.
Li, Y.P., Chen, Y, John, J., Moylan, J., Jin, B., Mann, D.L., et al. (2005) TNF-alpha acts via p38 MAPK to stimulate expression of the ubiquitin ligase atrogin1/MAFbx in skeletal muscle. FASEB. J. 19(3), 362-370.
Lombardo, E., Sabellico, C., Hajek, J., Stankova, V., Filipsky, T., Balducci, V., et al. (2013) Protection of cells against oxidative stress by nanomolar levels of hydroxyflavones indicates a new type of intracellular antioxidant mechanism. PloS One 8(4), e60796.
Lotz, M.K. and Kraus, V.B. (2010). New developments in osteoarthritis. Posttraumatic osteoarthritis: pathogenesis and pharmacological treatment options. Arthritis Res, Ther, 12(3), 211.
Lotz, M.K. and Carames, B. (2011) Autophagy and cartilage homeostasis mechanisms in joint health, aging and OA. Nat. Rev. Rheumatol.7(10), 579-587.
Lu, J., Papp, L.V., Fang, J., Rodriguez-Nieto, S., Zhivotovsky, B., and Holmgren, A. (2006) Inhibition of Mammalian thioredoxin reductase by some flavonoids: implications for myricetin and quercetin anticancer activity. Cancer Res. 66(8), 4410-4418.
Marie, C., Pitton, C., Fitting, C., and Cavaillon, J.M. (1996). Regulation by anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, TGFbeta)of interleukin-8 production by LPS- and/ or TNFalpha-activated human polymorphonuclear cells. Mediat. Inflamm.5(5), 334-340.
Marietta, E.V., Chen, Y.Y., and Weis, J.H. (1996) Modulation of expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-13 and interleukin- 10 by interleukin-3. Eur. J. Immunol. 26(1), 49-56.
McAlindon, T.E., Cooper, C., Kirwan, J.R., and Dieppe, P.A. (1993) Determinants of disability in osteoarthritis of the knee. Ann. Rheum.Dis. 52(4), 258-262.
McGregor, G.P. and Biesalski, H.K. (2006) Rationale and impact of vitamin C in clinical nutrition. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care 9(6), 697-703.
Meister, A. (1994a) Glutathione-ascorbic acid antioxidant system in animals. J. Biol. Chem. 269(13), 9397-9400.
Meister, A. (1994b) Glutathione, ascorbate, and cellular protection. Cancer Res. 54(Suppl 7), 1969s-1975s.
Miles, E.A., Rees, D., Banerjee, T., Cazzola, R., Lewis, S., Wood, R., et al. (2008). Age-related increases in circulating inflammatory markers in men are independent of BMI, blood pressure and blood lipid concentrations. Atherosclerosis 196(1), 298-305.
Mirza, K.A., Pereira, S.L., Edens, N.K., and Tisdale, M.J. (2014) Attenuation of muscle wasting in murine CC myotubes by epigallocatechin-3- gallate. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle 5, 339-345.
Mobasheri, A., Vannucci, S.J., Bondy, C.A., Carter, S.D., Innes, J.F., Arteaga, M.F., et al. (2002) Glucose transport and metabolism in chondrocytes: a key to understanding chondrogenesis, skeletal development and cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis. Histol. Histopathol. 17(4), 1239-1267.
Mobasheri, A., Gent, T.C., Nash, A.I., Womack, M.D., Moskaluk, C.A., and Barrett-Jolley, R. (2007) Evidence for functional ATP-sensitive (K(ATP)) potassium channels in human and equine articular chondrocytes. Osteoarthr. Cartilage 15(1), 1-8.
Mobasheri, A., Bondy, C.A., Moley, K., Mendes, A.F., Rosa, S.C., Richardson, S.M., et al. (2008) Facilitative glucose transporters in articular chondrocytes. Expression, distribution and functional regulation of GLUT isoforms by hypoxia, hypoxia mimetics, growth factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Adv. Anat. Embryol. Cel. 200, 1-84.
Mobasheri, A., Shakibaei, M., Biesalski, H-K., and Henrotin, Y. (2013) Antioxidants in the treatment of osteoarthritis and bone mineral loss. In: Studies on Arthritis and Joint Disorders. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice (eds M.J. Alcaraz, O. Gualillo, and O. Sanchez-Pernaute), pp. 275-295.
Mobasheri, A., Biesalski, H-K., Shakibaei, M., and Henrotin, Y. (2014) Antioxidants and Osteoarthritis. In: Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Anti-Oxidants (ed I. Laher). Springer-Verlag Berlin
Momken, I., Stevens, L., Bergouignan, A., Desplanches, D., Rudwill, F., Chery, I., et al. (2011) Resveratrol prevents the wasting disorders of mechanical unloading by acting as a physical exercise mimetic in the rat. FASEB J. 25(10), 3646-3660.
Mooradian, A.D., Reed, R.L., Osterweil, D., and Scuderi, P. (1991) Detectable serum levels of tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha may predict early mortality in elderly institutionalized patients. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 39(9), 891-894.
Morrisette-Thomas, V., Cohen, A.A., Fulop, T., Riesco, E., Legault, V., Li, Q., et al. (2014) Inflamm-aging does not simply reflect increases in pro-inflammatory markers. Mech. Ageing Dev. 139, 49-57.
Mosca, S.M. and Cingolani, H.E. (2002) Cardioprotection from ischemia/reperfusion induced by red wine extract is mediated by K-ATP channels. J. Cardiovasc. Pharm. 40(3), 429-437.
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (2012). National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS).
Nakae, Y., Hirasaka, K., Goto, J., Nikawa, T., Shono, M., Yoshida, M., et al. (2008) Subcutaneous injection, from birth, of epigallocatechin-3-gallate, a component of green tea, limits the onset of muscular dystrophy in mdx mice: a quantitative histological, immunohistochemical and electrophysiological study. Histochem. Cell Biol. 129(4): 489-501.
Nikolich-Zugich, J. (2008) Ageing and life-long maintenance of T-cell subsets in the face of latent persistent infections. Nat. Rev. Immunol.8(7), 512-522.
Nolan, Y., Maher, F.O., Martin, D.S., Clarke, R.M., Brady, M.T., Bolton, A.E., et al. (2005) Role of interleukin-4 in regulation of age-related inflammatory changes in the hippocampus. J. Biol. Chem. 280(10), 9354-9362.
Ogura, Y., Sutterwala, F.S., and Flavell, R.A. (2006) The inflammasome: first line of the immune response to cell stress. Cell 126(4), 659-662.
Olivan, M., Busquets, S., Figueras, M., Fontes de Oliveira, C., Toledo, M., Sette, A., et al. (2011). Nutraceutical inhibition of muscle proteolysis: a role of diallyl sulphide in the treatment of muscle wasting. Clin. Nutr. 30(1), 33-37.
Oliver, J.E. and Silman, A.J. (2009) What epidemiology has told us about risk factors and aetiopathogenesis in rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Res. Ther. 11(3), 223.
Ota, N., Soga, S., Haramizu, S., Yokoi, Y., Hase, T., and Murase, T. (2011) Tea catechins prevent contractile dysfunction in unloaded murine soleus muscle: a pilot study. Nutrition 27(9), 955-959.
Paganelli, R., Scala, E., Quinti, I., and Ansotegui, I.J. (1994) Humoral immunity in aging. Aging Clin. Exp. Res. 6(3), 143-150.
Palmieri-Smith, R.M., Thomas, A.C., Karvonen-Gutierrez, C., and Sowers, M.F. (2010) Isometric quadriceps strength in women with mild, moderate, and severe knee osteoarthritis. Am. J. Phys. Med.Rehab. 89(7), 541-548.
Parke, D.V., and Sapota, A. (1996) Chemical toxicity and reactive oxygen species. Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health 9(4), 331-340.
Pfander, D., and Gelse, K. (2007) Hypoxia and osteoarthritis: how chondrocytes survive hypoxic environments. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol.19(5), 457-462.
Pietrocola, F., Marino, G., Lissa, D., Vacchelli, E., Malik, S.A., Niso-Santano, M., et al. (2012) Pro-autophagic polyphenols reduce the acetylation of cytoplasmic proteins. Cell cycle 11(20), 3851-3860.
Ramirez-Sanchez, I., Taub, P.R., Ciaraldi, T.P., Nogueira, L., Coe, T., Perkins, G., et al. (2013) (-)-Epicatechin rich cocoa mediated modulation of oxidative stress regulators in skeletal muscle of heart failure and type 2 diabetes patients. Int. J. Cardiol. 168(4), 3982-3990.
Rehan Youssef, A., Longino, D., Seerattan, R., Leonard, T., and Herzog, W. (2009) Muscle weakness causes joint degeneration in rabbits. Osteoarthr. Cartilage 17(9), 1228-1235.
Rink, L., Cakman, I., and Kirchner, H. (1998) Altered cytokine production in the elderly. Mech. Ageing Dev. 102(2-3), 199-209.
Roos, E.M., Herzog, W., Block, J.A., and Bennell, K.L. (2011) Muscle weakness, afferent sensory dysfunction and exercise in knee osteoarthritis. Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. 7(1), 57-63.
Roubenoff, R., Parise, H., Payette, H.A., Abad, L.W., D'Agostino, R., Jacques, P.F., et al. (2003) Cytokines, insulin-like growth factor 1, sarcopenia, and mortality in very old community-dwelling men and women: the Framingham Heart Study. Am. J. Med. 115(6), 429-435.
Salminen, A., Kaarniranta, K., and Kauppinen, A. (2012a) Inflammaging: disturbed interplay between autophagy and inflammasomes. Aging (Albany NY) 4(3), 166-175.
Salminen, A., Ojala, J., Kaarniranta, K., and Kauppinen, A. (2012b) Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress activate inflammasomes: impact on the aging process and age-related diseases. Cell Mol. Life Sci. 69(18), 2999-3013.
Schaap, L.A., Pluijm, S.M., Deeg, D.J., and Visser, M. (2006) Inflammatory markers and loss of muscle mass (sarcopenia) and strength. Am. J. Med. 119(6), 526 e529-517.
Schreck, R., Rieber, P., and Baeuerle, P.A. (1991) Reactive oxygen intermediates as apparently widely used messengers in the activation of the NF-kappa B transcription factor and HIV-1. EMBO J. 10(8), 2247-2258.
Segal, N.A., Glass, N.A., Torner, J., Yang, M., Felson, D.T., Sharma, L., et al. (2010) Quadriceps weakness predicts risk for knee joint space narrowing in women in the MOST cohort. Osteoarthr. Cartilage 18(6), 769-775.
Sellam, J. and Berenbaum, F. (2010) The role of synovitis in pathophysiology and clinical symptoms of osteoarthritis. Nat. Rev. Rheumatol.6(11), 625-635.
Sellam, J. and Berenbaum, F. (2013) Is osteoarthritis a metabolic disease? Joint Bone Spine 80(6), 568-573.
Shurin, G.V., Yurkovetsky, Z.R., Chatta, G.S., Tourkova, I.L., Shurin, M.R., and Lokshin, A.E. (2007) Dynamic alteration of soluble serum biomarkers in healthy aging. Cytokine 39(2), 123-129.
Sinha, I., Sinha-Hikim, A.P., Wagers, A.J., and Sinha-Hikim, I. (2014a) Testosterone is essential for skeletal muscle growth in aged mice in a heterochronic parabiosis model. Cell Tissue Res. 357, 815-821.
Sinha, M., Jang, Y.C., Oh, J., Khong, D., Wu, E.Y., Manohar, R., et al. (2014b) Restoring systemic GDF11 levels reverses age-related dysfunction in mouse skeletal muscle. Science 344(6184), 649-652.
Studer, R., Jaffurs, D., Stefanovic-Racic, M., Robbins, P.D., and Evans, C.H. (1999) Nitric oxide in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr. Cartilage 7(4), 377-379.
Sutton, S., Clutterbuck, A., Harris, P., Gent, T., Freeman, S., Foster, N., et al. (2009) The contribution of the synovium, synovial derived inflammatory cytokines and neuropeptides to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Vet. J. 179(1), 10-24.
Symmons, D., Mathers, C., and Pfleger, B. (2000). Global burden of osteoarthritis in the year 2000. World Health Organization (WHO).
Takahashi, S. and Nakashima, Y. (2012) Repeated and long-term treatment with physiological concentrations of resveratrol promotes NO production in vascular endothelial cells. Brit, J. Nutr. 107(6), 774-780.
Terkeltaub, R., Johnson, K., Murphy, A., and Ghosh, S. (2002) Invited review: the mitochondrion in osteoarthritis. Mitochondrion 1(4), 301-319.
Troadec, M.B. and Kaplan, J. (2008) Some vertebrates go with the GLO. Cell 132(6), 921-922.
Tschopp, J. (2011) Mitochondria: Sovereign of inflammation? Eur. J. Immunol 41(5), 1196-1202.
Tsujinaka, T., Fujita, J., Ebisui, C., Yano, M., Kominami, E., Suzuki, K., et al. (1996) Interleukin 6 receptor antibody inhibits muscle atrophy and modulates proteolytic systems in interleukin 6 transgenic mice. J. Clin. Invest. 97(1), 244-249.
van Ommen, B. (2004) Nutrigenomics: exploiting systems biology in the nutrition and health arenas. Nutrition 20(1), 4-8.
van Ommen, B. (2007) Personalized nutrition from a health perspective: luxury or necessity? Genes Nutr. 2(1), 3-4.
van Ommen, B. and Stierum, R. (2002) Nutrigenomics: exploiting systems biology in the nutrition and health arena. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol.13(5), 517-521.
van Ommen, B., Keijer, J., Heil, S.G., and Kaput, J. (2009) Challenging homeostasis to define biomarkers for nutrition related health. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 53(7), 795-804.
Vazeille, E., Slimani, L., Claustre, A., Magne, H., Labas, R., Bechet, D., et al. (2012) Curcumin treatment prevents increased proteasome and apoptosome activities in rat skeletal muscle during reloading and improves subsequent recovery. J. Nutr. Biochem. 23(3), 245-251.
Wallace, C.H.R., Baczkó, I., Jones, L., Fercho, M., and Light, P.E. (2006) Inhibition of cardiac voltage-gated sodium channels by grape polyphenols. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 149(6), 657-665.
Wang, D.T., Yin, Y., Yang, Y.J., Lv, P.J., Shi, Y., Lu, L., et al. (2014) Resveratrol prevents TNF-alpha-induced muscle atrophy via regulation of Akt/mTOR/FoxO1 signaling in C2C12 myotubes. Int. immunopharmacol. 19(2), 206-213.
Wang, H., Lai, Y.J., Chan, Y.L., Li, T.L., and Wu, C.J. (2011) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate effectively attenuates skeletal muscle atrophy caused by cancer cachexia. Cancer Lett. 305(1), 40-49.
Wellman, G.C., Barrett-Jolley, R., Koppel H., Everitt, D., and Quayle, J.M. (1999) Inhibition of vascular K(ATP) channels by U-37883A: a comparison with cardiac and skeletal muscle. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 128(4), 909-916.
Woolf, A.D. and Pfleger, B. (2003) Burden of major musculoskeletal conditions. B. World Health Organ. 81(9), 646-656.
Yogesha, S.D., Khapli, S.M., Srivastava, R.K., Mangashetti. L.S., Pote, S.T., Mishra, G.C., et al. (2009). IL-3 Inhibits TNF-alpha-induced bone resorption and prevents inflammatory arthritis. J. Immunol. 182(1), 361-370.
Yusuf, E., Nelissen, R.G., Ioan-Facsinay, A., Stojanovic-Susulic, V., DeGroot, J., van Osch, G., et al. (2010) Association between weight or body mass index and hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 69(4):, 761-765.
Zhou, R., Yazdi, A.S., Menu, P., and Tschopp, J. (2011) A role for mitochondria in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Nature 469(7329), 221-225.