Lower Carboniferous ramp sedimentation of the Central Alborz Basin, northern Iran: Integrated sedimentological and rock-magnetic studies
Sardar Abadi, Mehrdad; Da Silva, Anne-Christine; Mosaddegh, hosseinet al.
2015 • In Da Silva, Anne-Christine; Whalen; Hladilet al. (Eds.) Magnetic Susceptibility Application: A Window onto Ancient Environments and Climatic Variations
Lower Carboniferous; Mobarak Formation; Iran; rock magnetism; sedimentology
Abstract :
[en] The Lower Carboniferous Mobarak Formation in the Alborz Basin (northern Iran)
was deposited along the northeastern margin of Gondwana in a carbonate ramp setting. This
paper focuses on the Tournaisian stratigraphic interval of this formation that crops out at the
Jaban section in the southwestern Central Alborz Basin. The following facies associations,
representing different ramp palaeoenvironments, have been identified: (1) mudstone–wackestone
outer-ramp facies; (2) crinoidal to skeletal grainstone–packstone mid-ramp facies; (3) peloidal to
crinoidal grainstone–packstone inner-ramp facies; and (4) coastal facies, which include a variety
of microbial laminated to oncoidal grainstones and mudstones with evaporitic pseudomorphs. This
ramp profile was affected by frequent storms that were responsible for the formation of several
skeletal to non-skeletal shoals in the distal mid-ramp to the most proximal inner-ramp areas.
The development of the skeletal to non-skeletal shoals along the sea side of the ramp formed
a semi-enclosed lagoon sensitive to the influence of both high tides and storm surges.The magnetic
susceptibility (xin) of all the samples was measured and compared with that of the facies from
which the sample was taken. There is a clear link between xin and the facies; the average xin
values were higher for the distal facies than for the proximal facies. The xin profile of this
Lower Carboniferous carbonate sequence reflects stratigraphic variations in response to relative
changes in sea level and the input of detrital materials. In the context of the sequence stratigraphic
framework, the average xin values for lowstand and transgressive systems tract deposits are higher
than for the highstand systems tract deposits. The clear link between xin and facies indicates at
least a partly preserved primary xin signal related to the detrital inputs. However, to obtain a
better understanding of the nature and origin of the minerals carrying the xin, we performed hysteresis
measurements on selected samples. It appears that the xin signal is mainly carried by lowcoercivity
ferromagnetic minerals such as magnetite, with a mixture of relatively coarse grains
(detrital fraction) and ultra-fine grains (probably formed during diagenesis).
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