Abstract :
[fr] La lithiase urinaire (LU) est une pathologie fre´quente qui touche davantage l’homme que la femme.
Plusieurs types de LU sont de´ crits selon leur constituant physico-chimique et/ou leur morphologie. Une
classification combine´ e, morpho-constitutionnelle (M-C), a e´ te´ propose´ e. Afin de pre´ ciser la pre´valence
de la LU en ge´ne´ ral et de chaque type lithiasique en particulier en Belgique, selon l’aˆge et le sexe, nous
avons re´ trospectivement e´tudie´ la banque de donne´es M-C d’un centre de re´ fe´ rence d’analyse
lithiasique. Entre 2010 et 2013, 2195 calculs urinaires ont e´ te´ analyse´ s. Sont exclus 45 faux calculs et
281 calculs non issus de la zone ge´ographique e´ tudie´ e. Parmi 1869 LU, 1293 (69,2 %) proviennent
d’hommes. Le pic de pre´ valence lithiasique s’observe entre 50 et 60 ans dans les 2 sexes. Le typage M-C a
e´ te´ de´termine´ pour 1854 lithiases (99,2 %) ; plusieurs types morphologiques coexistent dans 49,3 % des
cas. Aˆ ge et sexe confondus, le constituant principal est la whewellite (54,4 %) quasi exclusivement (94 %)
sous forme Ia. La weddellite concerne 19,8 % des calculs, avec une re´ partition e´ quitable entre types IIa
et IIb. L’acide urique est le 3e constituant le plus fre´quent chez l’homme, avec une distribution similaire
entre types IIIa et IIIb. Les produits phosphatiques sont rares chez l’homme (8,2 %), mais fre´quents chez la
femme (26,6 %) et majoritairement de type IVa1. Le type de LU change au cours du vieillissement, avec
une diminution de la weddellite et une augmentation de la whewellite et de l’acide urique. Cette analyse
re´ trospective d’une cohorte monocentrique de calculs urinaires pre´ cise l’e´pide´ miologie M-C de la LU en
Belgique.
[en] Urolithiasis is a common condition, with a prevalence of 10% and a male/female ratio above 1 according
to large national series. Various types of urinary stones have been described upon their mineral content
and/or their morphology. Hence, a combined morpho-constitutional (M-C) classification has been
proposed. In order to detail the prevalence of urolithiasis in general and of each M-C type in particular
upon age and gender in Belgium, we retrospectively studied the database of a reference center for
urolithiasis analysis. Between 2010 and 2013, 2195 stones were characterized. We excluded 45 nonbiological
stones and 281 stones, which originated from outside the study zone. Among 1869 stones,1293 (69.2%) affected men. Prevalence peak of urolithiasis was observed between 50–60 years of age in
both genders. The M-C analysis was available for 1854 stones (99.2%): multiple morphological types were
concomitantly identified in 49.3%. In the whole population, the main mineral constituent was whewellite
(54.4%), mainly organized as type Ia (94%). Weddellite was found in 19.8%, with an equal distribution
between types IIa and IIb. Uric acid was the 3rd most frequent constituent in man, with a similar
distribution between IIIa and IIIb. Phosphate was uncommon in man (8.2%), but frequent in woman (26.6%)
with a type IVa1 organization. Prevalence of M-C types changes with aging, i.e. decrease of weddellite and
increase of whewellite and uric acid in both genders. This retrospective analysis of a single-center database
of urinary stones helps characterize the M-C epidemiology of urolithiasis in Belgium.
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