New insights into the diversity dynamics of Triassic conodonts

[en] In this paper, we examine the diversity trends and the evolutionary patterns of Triassic conodonts through a newly powered large-scale data-set compiled directly from the primary literature. Paleodiversity dynamics analyses have been undertaken by working at the species level and using a system of time units based on biozone subdivisions for a fine temporal level resolution. The role of heterogeneous duration of taxa in diversity estimates has been evaluated through the probabilistic profiles. Results reveal three different stages in the diversity behaviour of Triassic conodonts from standing metrics delimited by two inflections at the mid-Anisian and mid-Carnian. Survivorship analysis supports this pattern. Origination-extinction metrics report a diversification pattern characterised by important fluctuations during the Lopingian-Induan (earliest Triassic), the early-middle Olenekian (Early Triassic) and the Anisian-Ladinian transitions (Middle Triassic), as well as in the early Late Triassic. In addition, two clear diversification peaks are observed in the late Carnian and in the end-Norian. Reported patterns are interpreted in the context of deep extinction and environmental instability by documenting the biological signal of the main diversification and turnover patterns observed from such records. This study emphasises the singularity behaviour of diversity trends derived from the conodont record. © 2013 © 2013 Taylor & Francis.

Disciplines :

Zoology

Author, co-author :

Martínez-Pérez, Carlos; School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, United Kingdom, Department of Geology, University of Valencia, Dr Moliner, 50 Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain

Plasencia, Pablo; Department of Geology, University of Valencia, Dr Moliner, 50 Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain

Cascales - Miñana, Borja ; AMAP (Botanique et Bioinformatique de l’Architecture des Plantes), UMR 5120 CNRS-CIRAD, F-34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France

Mazza, Michele; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra 'A. Desio', Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy

Botella, Héctor; Department of Geology, University of Valencia, Dr Moliner, 50 Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain

Language :

English

Title :

New insights into the diversity dynamics of Triassic conodonts

Publication date :

2014

Journal title :

Historical Biology

ISSN :

0891-2963

eISSN :

1029-2381

Publisher :

Taylor and Francis Ltd.

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

591-602

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 08 January 2015

Statistics

Number of views

57 (0 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

0 (0 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

OpenAlex citations

Bibliography

AldridgeRJA. 1988. Extinction and survival in the Conodonta. In: LarwoodGP, editor. Extinction and survival in the fossil record. Systematic Association Special vol. 34Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 23-256.
AldridgeRJA, SmithMP. 1993. Conodonta. In: BentonMJ, editor. The fossil record 2. London: Chapman & Hall. p. 563-572.
ArensNC, WestID. 2008. Press-pulse: a general theory of mass extinction?Paleobiology.34(4):456-471.
AusichWI, PetersSE. 2005. A revised macroevolutionary history for Ordovician-Early Silurian crinoids. Paleobiology.31(3):538-551.
BensonRBJ, ButlerRJ, LindgrenJ, SmithAS. 2010. Mesozoic marine tetrapod diversity: mass extinctions and temporal heterogeneity in geological megabiases affecting vertebrates. Philos Trans R Soc Lond Ser B.277(1683):829-834.
BentonMJ. 1985. Mass extinction among non-marine tetrapods. Nature.316:811-814.
BentonMJ. 2003. When life nearly died: the greatest mass extinction of all time. 1st ed. London: Thames and Hudson.
BentonMJ, DunhillAM, LloydJD, MarxFG. 2011. Assessing the quality of the fossil record: insights from vertebrates. In: McGowanA, SmithAB, editors. Comparing the geological and fossil records: implications for biodiversity studies. London: Geological Society, Special Publications. p. 63-94.
BentonMJ, RutaM, DunhillAM, SakamotoM. 2013. The first half of tetrapod evolution, sampling proxies, and fossil record quality. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol.372:18-41.
BentonMJ, TwitchettRJ. 2003. How to kill (almost) all life: the end-Permian extinction event. Trends Ecol Evol.18:358-365.
BernardEL, RutaM, TarverJE, BentonMJ. 2010. The fossil record of early tetrapods: worker effort and the end-Permian mass extinction. Acta Palaeontol Pol.55(2):229-239.
ButlerRJ, BarrettPM, NowbathS, UpchurchP. 2009. Estimating the effects of the rock record on pterosaur diversity patterns: implications for hypotheses of bird/pterosaur competitive replacement. Paleobiology.35:432-446.
Cascales-MiñanaB. 2012. Disentangling temporal patterns in our perception of the fossil history of gymnosperms. Hist Biol.24(2):143-159.
Cascales-MiñanaB, ClealCJ. 2012. Plant fossil record and survival analyses. Lethaia.45(1):71-82.
ChenZ-Q, BentonMJ. 2012. The timing and pattern of biotic recovery following the end-Permian mass extinction. Nat Geosci.5:375-383.
ClaphamME, ShenSZ, BottjerDJ. 2009. The double mass extinction revisited: reassessing the severity, selectivity, and causes of the end-Guadalupian biotic crisis (Late Permian). Paleobiology.35(1):32-50.
ClarkDL. 1983. Extinction of conodonts. J Paleontol.57(4):652-661.
ClarkDL. 1987. Conodonts: the final fifty million years. In: AldridgeRJ, editor. Paleobiology of conodonts. Chichester: The British Micropalaeontologieal Society, Ellis Horwood Ltd. Publishers. p. 165-174.
ClarkDL, SweetWC, BergströmSM, KlapperG, AustinRL, RhodesFHT, MüllerKJ, ZieglerW, LindströmM, MillerJF, et al. 1981. Conodonta. In: RobisonRA, editor. Treatise on invertebrate paleontology, Part W, Miscellanea, supplement 2. Boulder, CO: The Geological Society of America/Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas Press.
ClealCJ, UhlD, Cascales-MiñanaB, ThomasBA, BashforthA, KingSC, ZodrowEL. 2012. Plant biodiversity changes in Carboniferous tropical wetlands. Earth Sci Rev.114(1-4):124-155.
CramptonJS, BeuAG, CooperRA, JonesCM, MarshallB, MaxwellPA. 2003. Estimating the rock volume bias in paleobiodiversity studies. Science.301(5631):358-360.
De BlasioBF, De BlasioFV. 2005. Dynamics of competing species in a model of adaptive radiation and macroevolution. Phys Rev E.72(3):031916.
De RenziM, BudurovK, SudarM. 1996. The extinction of conodonts - in terms of discrete elements - at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary. J Iber Geol.20:347-364.
DonoghueMJ. 2005. Key innovations, convergence, and success: macroevolutionary lessons from plant phylogeny. Paleobiology.31(2):77-93.
DunhillAM. 2011. Using remote sensing and a GIS to quantify rock exposure area in England and Wales: implications for paleodiversity studies. Geology.39:111-114.
DunhillAM. 2012. Problems with using rock outcrop area as a paleontological sampling proxy: rock outcrop and exposure area compared with coastal proximity, topography, land use, and lithology. Paleobiology.38(1):126-143.
DunhillAM, BentonMJ, TwittchettRJ, NewellND. 2012. Completeness of the fossil record and the validity of sampling proxies at outcrop level. Palaeontology.55:1155-1175.
EldredgeN, VrbaE. 2005. Macroevolution diversity, disparity, contingency: Essays in honor of Stephen Jay Gould - preface. Paleobiology.31(2):133-145.
ErwinDH. 1993. The great paleozoic crisis, life and death in the Permian. New York: Columbia University Press.
ErwinDH. 1998. The end and the beginning: recoveries from mass extinctions. Trends Ecol Evol.13:344-349.
ErwinDH. 2000. Macroevolution is more than repeated rounds of microevolution. Evol Dev.2(2):78-84.
ErwinDH. 2006. Extinction. How life on earth nearly ended 250 million years ago. Princeton, NJ: Princenton University Press.
FisherJAD, FrankKT, LeggettWC. 2010. Dynamic macroecology on ecological time-scales. Global Ecol Biogeogr.19(1):1-15.
FooteM. 1988. Surviviorship analysis of Cambrian and Ordovician trilobites. Paleobiology.14(3):258-271.
FooteM. 1994. Temporal variation in extinction risk and temporal scaling of extinction metrics. Paleobiology.20:424-444.
FooteM. 1999. Morphological diversity in the evolutionary radiation of Paleozoic and post-Paleozoic crinoids. Paleobiology.25(2):1-115.
FooteM. 2000a. Origination and extinction components of taxonomic diversity: general problems. Paleobiology.26(4):74-102.
FooteM. 2000b. Origination and extinction components of taxonomic diversity: Paleozoic and post-Paleozoic dynamics. Paleobiology.26(4):578-605.
FooteM. 2006. Substrate affinity and diversity dynamics of Paleozoic marine animals. Paleobiology.32(3):345-366.
FooteM, SepkoskiJJ, Jr. 1999. Absolute measures of the completeness of the fossil record. Nature.398:415-417.
FröbischJ. 2008. Global taxonomic diversity of anomodonts (Tetrapoda, Therapsida) and the terrestrial rock record across the Permian-Triassic boundary. PLoS ONE.3:e3733.
GilinskyNL. 1991. The pace of taxonomic evolution. In: GilinskyNL, SignorPW, editors. Analytical paleobiology. Short courses in paleontology. Knoxville, TN: Paleontological Society. p. 157-174.
GoudemandN, OrchardM, TafforeauP, UrdyS, BrühwilerT, BrayardA, GalfettiT, BucherH. 2012. Early Triassic conodont clusters from South China: revision of the architecture of the 15-element apparatuses of the superfamily Gondolelloidea. Palaeontology.55(5):1021-1034.
GoudemandN, OrchardMJ, UrdyS, BucherH, TafforeauP. 2011. Synchrotron-aided reconstruction of the conodont feeding apparatus and implications for the mouth of the first vertebrates. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA.108(21):8720-8724.
HallamA. 2002. How catastrophic was the end-Triassic mass extinction?Lethaia.35(2):147-157.
HarperCWJ. 1975. Standing diversity of fossil groups in successive intervals of geologic time: a new measure. J Paleontol.49:752-757.
HendersonCM, DavydocVI, WardlawBR, GradsteinFM, HammerO. 2012. The Permian period. In: GradsteinFM, OggJG, SchmitzMD, OggGM, editors. The geologic time scale 2012. Boston, MA: Elsevier. p. 652-679.
HoffmannA, KitchellJA. 1984. Evolution in a pelagic planktic system: a paleobiologic test of models of multispecies evolution. Paleobiology.10(1):9-33.
HollandSM. 2012. Sea level change and the area of shallow-marine habitat: implications for marine biodiversity. Paleobiology.38(2):205-2017.
HornungT, BrandnerR, KrystynL, JoachimskiMM, KeimL. 2007. Multistratigraphic constraints on the NW Tethyan 'Carnian Crisis'. New Mexico Mus Nat Hist Sci Bull.41:59-66.
HunterAW, DonovanSK. 2005. Field sampling bias, museum collections and completeness of the fossil record. Lethaia.38(4):305-314.
JablonskiD. 2000. Micro- and macroevolution: scale and hierarchy in evolutionary biology and paleobiology. Paleobiology.26(4):15-52.
JablonskiD. 2005. Mass extinctions and macroevolution. Paleobiology.31(2):192-210.
JablonskiD. 2007. Scale and hierarchy in macroevolution. Palaeontology.50:87-109.
JablonskiD, BottjerDJ. 1990. The origin and diversification of major groups: environmental patterns and macroevolutionary lags. In: TaylorPD, LarwoodGP, editors. Major evolutionary radiations. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 17-57.
JanevskiGA, BaumillerTK. 2009. Evidence for extinction selectivity in the fossil record of Phanerozoic marine invertebrates. Paleobiology.35:553-564.
KrivicK, StojanovicB. 1978. Conodonts from the Triassic limestones at Priknica village. Geologija.21:41-46.
LloydJD, SmithAB, YoungJR. 2011. Quantifying the deep-sea rock and fossil record bias using coccolithophores. In: McGowanA, SmithAB, editors. Comparing the geological and fossil records: implications for biodiversity studies. London: Geological Society, Special Publications. p. 167-177.
MannionPD, UpchurchP, CarranoMT, BarrettPM. 2010. Testing the effect of the rock record on diversity: a multidisciplinary approach to elucidating the generic richness of sauropodomorph dinosaurs through time. Biol Rev.86:157-181.
MastandreaA, NeriC, IettoF, RussoF. 1999. Misikella ultima Kozur & Mock, 1991: first evidence of Late Rhaetian conodonts in Calabria (Southern Italy). Boll Soc Paleontol Ital.37(2-3):497-506.
MazzaM, CauA, RigoM. 2012a. Application of numerical cladistic analyses to the Carnian-Norian conodonts: a new approach for phylogenetic interpretations. J Syst Palaeontol.10(2):401-422.
MazzaM, RigoM, GulloM. 2012b. Taxonomy and biostratigraphic record of the Upper Triassic conodonts of the Pizzo Mondello section (western Sicily, Italy), GSSP candidate for the base of the Norian. Riv Ital Paleont Stratigr.118(1):85-130.
McGowanAJ, SmithAB. 2008. Are global Phanerozoic marine diversity curves truly global? A study of the relationship between regional rock records and global Phanerozoic marine diversity. Paleobiology.34:80-103.
McKinneyM. 1995. Extinction selectivity among lower taxa - gradational patterns and rarefaction error in extinction estimates. Paleobiology.21:300-315.
MiettoP. 1982. A Ladinian conodont-cluster of Metapolygnathus mungoensis (Diebel) from Trento area (NE Italy). Neues Jahrbuch Geol Paleontol Monatsh. 1982:600-606.
NicollRS. 1983. Multielement composition of the conodont Icriodus expansus Branson and Mehl from the Upper Devonian of the Canning Basin, Western Australia. BMR J Aust Geol Geophys.7:187-213.
NicollRS. 1985. Multielement composition of the conodont species Polygnathus xylus xylus Stauffer, 1940 and Ozarkodina brevis (Bischoff & Ziegler, 1957) from the Upper Devonian of the Canning Basin, Western Australia. BMR J Aust Geol Geophys.9:133-147.
NorrisRD. 1991. Biased extinction and evolutionary trends. Paleobiology.17(4):388-399.
OggJG. 2012. The Triassic period. In: GradsteinFM, OggJG, SchmitzMD, OggGM, editors. The geologic time scale 2012. Boston, MA: Elsevier. p. 680-730.
OrchardMJ. 2007. Conodont diversity and evolution through the latest Permian and Early Triassic upheavals. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol.252:93-117.
PayneJl, LehrmannDj, WeiJ, KnollAh. 2006. The pattern and timing of biotic recovery from the End-Permian extinction on the Great Bank of Guizhou, Guizhou Province, China. Palaios.21:63-85.
PetersSE, FooteM. 2001. Biodiversity in the Phanerozoic: a reinterpretation. Paleobiology.27(4):583-601.
PetersSE, HeimNA. 2011. Macrostratigraphy and macroevolution in marine environments: taking the common cause hypothesis. In: McGowanA, SmithAB, editors. Comparing the geological and fossil records: implications for biodiversity studies. London: Geological Society, Special Publications. p. 61-79.
PietznerH, VahlJ, WernerH, ZieglerW. 1968. Zur chemischen Zuzammensetzung und Mikromorphologie der Conodonten. Palaeontogr Abt A.128:115-152.
PlasenciaP, Márquez-AliagaA, ShaJ. 2013. An attempt to refine the stratigraphic ranges of Triassic conodonts: a database. Span J Palentol. 28(2)
PrussSB, BottjerDJ. 2004. Early Triassic trace fossils of the western United States and their implications for prolonged environmental stress from the End-Permian mass extinction. Palaios.19:551-564.
PurnellMA, DonoghuePCJ. 2005. Between death and data: biases in interpretation of the fossil record of conodonts. Spec Pap Palaeontol.73:7-25.
QuentalTB, MarshallCR. 2010. Diversity dynamics: molecular phylogenies need the fossil record. Trends Ecol Evol.25:434-441.
RamovsA. 1978. Mitleltriassische Conodonten-clusters in Slowein, NW. Jugoslavien. Paleontol Z.52(1/2):129-137.
RaupDM. 1972. Taxonomic diversity during the Phanerozoic. Science.117:1065-1071.
RaupDM. 1975. Taxonomic survivorship curves and Van Valen's Law. Paleobiology.1:82-96.
RaupDM. 1978. Cohort analysis of generic survivorship. Paleobiology.4(1):1-15.
RaupDM. 1979. Biases in the fossils record of species and genera. Bull Carnegie Mus Nat Hist.13:85-91.
RaupDM.1985. Mathematical models of cladogenesis. Paleobiology. 11(1):42-52.
RaupDM. 1994. The role of extinction in evolution. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA.91:6758-6763.
RaupDM, BoyajianGE. 1988. Patterns of generic extinction in the fossil record. Paleobiology.14(2):109-125.
RaupDM, GouldSJ, SchopfTJM, SimberloffDS. 1973. Stoschastic models of phylogeny and the evolution of diversity. J Geol.81(5):525-542.
RaupDM, SepkoskiJJ, Jr. 1982. Mass extinctions in the marine fossil record. Science.215:1501-1503.
RaupDM, SepkoskiJJ, Jr. 1986. Periodic extinction of families and genera. Science.231:833-836.
RaymondA, MetzC. 1995. Laurussian land plant diversity during the Silurian and Devonian: mass extinction, sampling bias, or both?Paleobiology.21:74-91.
RhodesFHT. 1953. Some British lower Palaeozoic conodont faunas. Philos Trans R Soc Lond Ser B Biol Sci.237:261-334.
RigoM, PretoN, RoghiG, TateoF, MiettoP. 2007. A CCD rise in the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of western Tethys, deep-water equivalent of the Carnian Pluvial Event. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol.246:188-205.
RodlandDL, BottjerDJ. 2001. Biotic recovery from the End-Permian mass extinction: behavior of the inarticulate brachiopod lingula as a disaster taxon. Palaios.16:95-101.
RosS, De RenziM. 2005. Preservation biases, rates of evolution and coherence of databases: Bivalvia as a study case. Ameghiniana.42(3):549-558.
RosS, De RenziM, DamboreneaSE, Márquez-AliagaA. 2011. Coping between crises: Early Triassic-early Jurassic bivalve diversity dynamics. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol.311:184-199.
RosS, EchevarríaJ. 2012. Ecological signature of the end-Triassic biotic crisis: what do bivalves have to say?Hist Biol.24(5):489-503.
RubanDA, van LoonAJ. 2008. Possible pitfalls in the procedure for paleobiodiversity-dynamics analysis. Geologos.14(1):37-50.
SepkoskiJJ, Jr. 1978. A kinetic-model of phanerozoic taxonomic diversity I. Analysis of marine orders. Paleobiology.4(3):223-251.
SepkoskiJJ, Jr. 1979. A kinetic-model of phanerozoic taxonomic diversity II. Early Phanerozoic families and multiple equilibria. Paleobiology.5(3):222-251.
SepkoskiJJ, Jr. 1984. A kinetic-model of phanerozoic taxonomic diversity III. Post-Paleozoic families and mass extinctions. Paleobiology.10(2):246-267.
ShenSZ, ZhangH, LiWZ. 2004. An introduction of methods for removing biases in establishing biodiversity patterns from fossil records. Acta Palaentol Sin.43:433-441.
SmithAB. 2001. Large-scale heterogeneity of the fossil record: implications for Phanerozoic biodiversity studies. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B.356(1407):351-367.
SmithAB. 2003. Getting the measure of diversity. Paleobiology.29(1):34-36.
SmithAB. 2007. Marine diversity through the Phanerozoic: problems and prospects. J Geol Soc London.164:1-15.
SmithAB, GaleAS, MonksNEA. 2001. Sea-level change and rock-record bias in the Cretaceous: a problem for extinction and biodiversity studies. Paleobiology.27(2):241-253.
SmithAB, McGowanAJ. 2007. The shape of the Phanerozoic diversity curve. How much can be predicted from the sedimentary rock record of Western Europe?Palaeontology.50:765-777.
SmithAB, McGowanAJ. 2011. The ties linking rock and fossil records and why they are important for palaeobiodiversity studies. In: McGowanAJ, SmithAB, editors. Comparing the geological and fossil records: implications for biodiversity studies. London: Geological Society, Special Publications. p. 1-7.
StanleySM. 2009. Evidence from ammonoids and conodonts for multiple Early Triassic mass extinctions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.106(36):15264-15267.
SweetWC. 1988. The conodonta, morphology, taxonomy, paleoecology, and evolutionary history of a long-extinct animal phylum. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
TannerLH, LucasSG, ChapmanMG. 2004. Assessing the record and causes of Late Triassic extinctions. Earth Sci Rev.65:103-139.
TarverJE, BraddySJ, BentonMJ. 2007. The effects of sampling bias on palaeozoic faunas and implications for macroevolutionary studies. Palaeontology.50:177-184.
UhenMD, PyensonND. 2007. Diversity estimates, biases, and historiographic effects: resolving cetacean diversity in the tertiary. Palaeontol Electron.10(2):11A.
ValentineJW, JablonskiD. 2003. Morphological and developmental macroevolution: a paleontological perspective. Int J Dev Biol.47(7-8):517-522.
Van ValenL. 1984. A resseting of Phanerozoic community evolution. Nature.307:50-52.
WallDP, IvanyLC, WilkinsonBH. 2011. Impact of outcrop area on estimates of Phanerozoic terrestrial biodiversity trends. In: McGowanAJ, SmithAB, editors. Comparing the geological and fossil records: implications for biodiversity studies. London: Geological Society, Special Publications. p. 53-62.
XiongC, WangQ. 2011. Permian-Triassic land-plant diversity in South China: was there a mass extinction at the Permian/Triassic boundary?Paleobiology.37(1):157-167.