Article (Scientific journals)
Transformed mineral phases during clay ceramic firing
El Ouahabi, Meriam; Daoudi, Lachen; Hatert, Frédéric et al.
2015In Clays and Clay Minerals, 62 (6), p. 470–478
Peer reviewed
 

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Keywords :
Clay; Raw materials; Ceramic; X-ray powder diffraction; Transformation
Abstract :
[en] Ceramic clays are one of the most complicated ceramic systems because of the very complex relationship between the behavior of minerals during the ceramic processing and the transformations during heating. A major challenge is to predict the phase transformations in clay ceramics. The aims are to establish reference data of ceramics products that can be formed based on the mineralogical composition of the local raw materials. These data, in turn, can be compared with the archaeological ceramics in order to study their origins. The mineralogical compositions and transformations during the firing (550 to 1100ºC under oxidizing conditions) of seven clayey materials sampled from the main clay deposits of Northern Morocco were evaluated by X-ray powder diffraction. Two groups of clays were evidenced according to the type of neoformed high-temperature minerals: non-calcareous clays and calcareous clays. For the non-calcareous raw materials, spinel is produced at 950°C. Cristobalite and mullite were formed above 1000ºC from clays that contain illite, kaolinite and chlorite. In clays containing vermiculite and high amount of chlorite, hematite was formed from 950°C. Firing of calcareous clays at temperatures > 950ºC yielded Ca-silicates (diopside, gehlenite and wollastonite), spinel, cristobalite, hematite and feldspars. Mullite may also form in the calcareous clay products, when the carbonates content exceeds 10%.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
El Ouahabi, Meriam  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Argiles, géochimie et environnements sédimentaires
Daoudi, Lachen
Hatert, Frédéric  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Minéralogie et cristallochimie
Fagel, Nathalie  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Argiles, géochimie et environnements sédimentaires
Language :
English
Title :
Transformed mineral phases during clay ceramic firing
Publication date :
December 2015
Journal title :
Clays and Clay Minerals
ISSN :
0009-8604
Publisher :
The Clay Minerals Society, United States
Volume :
62
Issue :
6
Pages :
470–478
Peer reviewed :
Peer reviewed
Available on ORBi :
since 15 December 2014

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