Article (Scientific journals)
Human melatonin and alerting response to blue-enriched light depend on a polymorphism in the clock gene PER3.
Chellappa, Sarah Laxhmi; Viola, Antoine U.; Schmidt, Christina et al.
2012In Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 97 (3), p. 433-7
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Keywords :
Adult; Alleles; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Genotype; Homozygote; Humans; Light; Male; Melatonin/blood/genetics; Minisatellite Repeats; Period Circadian Proteins/genetics; Polymorphism, Genetic; Questionnaires; Sleep/genetics; Wakefulness/genetics
Abstract :
[en] CONTEXT: Light exposure, particularly at the short-wavelength range, triggers several nonvisual responses in humans. However, the extent to which the melatonin-suppressing and alerting effect of light differs among individuals remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: Here we investigated whether blue-enriched polychromatic light impacts differentially on melatonin and subjective and objective alertness in healthy participants genotyped for the PERIOD3 (PER3) variable-number, tandem-repeat polymorphism. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Eighteen healthy young men homozygous for the PER3 polymorphism (PER3(5/5)and PER3(4/4)) underwent a balanced crossover design during the winter season, with light exposure to compact fluorescent lamps of 40 lux at 6500 K and at 2500 K during 2 h in the evening. RESULTS: In comparison to light at 2500 K, blue-enriched light at 6500 K induced a significant suppression of the evening rise in endogenous melatonin levels in PER3(5/5) individuals but not in PER3(4/4). Likewise, PER3(5/5) individuals exhibited a more pronounced alerting response to light at 6500 K than PER3(4/4) volunteers. Waking electroencephalographic activity in the theta range (5-7 Hz), a putative correlate of sleepiness, was drastically attenuated during light exposure at 6500 K in PER3(5/5) individuals as compared with PER3(4/4). CONCLUSIONS: We provide first evidence that humans homozygous for the PER3 5/5 allele are particularly sensitive to blue-enriched light, as indexed by the suppression of endogenous melatonin and waking theta activity. Light sensitivity in humans may be modulated by a clock gene polymorphism implicated in the sleep-wake regulation.
Disciplines :
Human health sciences: Multidisciplinary, general & others
Author, co-author :
Chellappa, Sarah Laxhmi ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre de recherches du cyclotron
Viola, Antoine U.
Schmidt, Christina  
Bachmann, Valerie
Gabel, Virginie
Maire, Micheline
Reichert, Carolin F.
Valomon, Amandine
Gotz, Thomas
Landolt, Hans-Peter
Cajochen, Christian
Language :
English
Title :
Human melatonin and alerting response to blue-enriched light depend on a polymorphism in the clock gene PER3.
Publication date :
2012
Journal title :
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
ISSN :
0021-972X
eISSN :
1945-7197
Publisher :
Oxford University Press, New York, United States - New York
Volume :
97
Issue :
3
Pages :
E433-7
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Available on ORBi :
since 22 August 2014

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