Trabecular bone adapts to long-term cyclic loading by increasing stiffness and normalization of dynamic morphometric rates

Lambers, Floor M.; Koch, Kathleen; Kuhn, Gisela; Ruffoni, Davide; Weigt, Claudia; Schulte, Friederike A.; Mueller, Ralph

doi:10.1016/j.bone.2013.04.016

Article (Scientific journals)

Trabecular bone adapts to long-term cyclic loading by increasing stiffness and normalization of dynamic morphometric rates

Lambers, Floor M.; Koch, Kathleen; Kuhn, Gisela et al.

2013 • In BONE, 55 (2), p. 325-334

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/161810

DOI
10.1016/j.bone.2013.04.016

PubMed
23624292

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Keywords :

In vivo micro-CT; Long-term load adaptation; Mechanical loading; Bone microstructure; Dynamic bone morphometry; Bone stiffness

Abstract :

[en] Bone has the ability to adapt to external loading conditions. Especially the beneficial effect of short-term cyclic loading has been investigated in a number of in vivo animal studies. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effect (>10 weeks) of cyclic mechanical loading on the bone microstructure, bone stiffness, and bone remodeling rates. Mice were subjected to cyclic mechanical loading at the sixth caudal vertebra with 8 N or 0 N (control) three times per week for a total period of 14 weeks. Structural bone parameters were determined from in vivo micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scans performed at week 0, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14. Mechanical parameters were derived from micro-finite element analysis. Dynamic bone morphometry was calculated using registration of serial micro-CT scans. Bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness increased significantly more for the loaded group than for the control group (p = 0.006 and p = 0.002 respectively). The trabecular bone microstructure adapted to the load of 8 N in approximately ten weeks, indicated by the trabecular bone volume fraction, which increased from 16.7% at 0 weeks to 21.6% at week 10 and only showed little change afterwards (bone volume fraction of 21.5% at 14 weeks). Similarly bone stiffness - (at the start of the experiment 649 N/mm) - reached 846 N/mm at 10 weeks in the loaded group and was maintained to the end of the experiment (850 N/mm). At 4 weeks the bone formation rate was 32% greater and the bone resorption rate 22% less for 8 N compared to 0 N. This difference was significantly reduced as the bone adapted to 8 N, with 8 N remodeling rates returning to the values of the 0 N group at approximately 10 weeks. Together these data suggest that once bone has adapted to a new loading state, the remodeling rates reduce gradually while maintaining bone volume fraction and stiffness. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Disciplines :

Endocrinology, metabolism & nutrition

Author, co-author :

Lambers, Floor M.; ETH, Inst Biomech, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Koch, Kathleen; ETH, Inst Biomech, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Kuhn, Gisela; ETH, Inst Biomech, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Ruffoni, Davide ; ETH Zurich > Institute for Biomechanics

Weigt, Claudia; ETH, Inst Biomech, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Schulte, Friederike A.; ETH, Inst Biomech, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Mueller, Ralph; ETH, Inst Biomech, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Language :

English

Title :

Trabecular bone adapts to long-term cyclic loading by increasing stiffness and normalization of dynamic morphometric rates

Publication date :

2013

Journal title :

BONE

ISSN :

8756-3282

eISSN :

1873-2763

Publisher :

Elsevier Science Inc, New York, United States - New York

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

325-334

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

European Projects :

FP7 - 223865 - VPHOP - Osteoporotic Virtual Physiological Human

Funders :

EU - European Union
Whitaker Foundation

Commentary :

The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the European Union for the Osteoporotic Virtual Physiological Human project (VPHOP FP7-ICT2008-223865), funding from the Whitaker Foundation and computational time granted from the Swiss National Supercomputing Center (CSCS, Manno, Switzerland).

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