Volatiles; Photosynthesis; Monoterpenoids; Beech; Vertical canopy gradient; Carotenoids; Sun and shade leaves
Abstract :
[en] It is well known that vertical canopy gradients and varying sky conditions influence photosynthesis (Pn), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf thickness (LT) and leaf pigments (lutein, â-carotene and chlorophyll). In contrast, little is known about these effects on monoterpenoid (MT) emissions. Our study examines simultaneously measured Pn, MT emissions and the MT/Pn ratio along the canopy of an adult European beech tree (Fagus sylvatica L.) in natural forest conditions. Dynamic branch enclosure systems were used at four heights in the canopy (7, 14, 21 and 25 m) in order to establish relationships and better understand the interaction between Pn and MT emissions under both sunny and cloudy sky conditions.
Clear differences in Pn, MT emissions and the MT/Pn ratio were detected within the canopy. The highest Pn rates were observed in the sun leaves at 25 m due to the higher intercepted light levels, whereas MT emissions (and the MT/Pn ratio) were unexpectedly highest in the semi-shaded leaves at 21 m. The higher Pn rates and, apparently contradictory, lower MT emissions in the sun leaves may be explained by the hypothesis of Owen and Peñuelas (2005), stating synthesis of more photo-protective carotenoids may decrease the emissions of volatile isoprenoids (including MTs) because they both share the same biochemical precursors. In addition, leaf traits like SLA, LT and leaf pigments clearly differed with height in the canopy, suggesting that the leaf’s physiological status cannot be neglected in future research on biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) when aiming at developing new and/or improved emission algorithms.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Simpraga, M.; Ghent University > Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering > Laboratory of Plant Ecology
Verbeeck, H.; Ghent University > Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering > Laboratory of Plant Ecology
Bloemen, J.; Ghent University > Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering > Laboratory of Plant Ecology
Vanhaecke, L.; Ghent University > Faculty of Veterinary Medicine > Laboratory of Chemical Analysis
Demarcke, M.; Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy
Joó, E.; Ghent University > Faculty of Bioscience Engineering > Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology
Pokorska, O.; Ghent University > Faculty of Bioscience Engineering > Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology
Amelynck, Crist; Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy
Schoon, Niels; Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy
Dewulf, J.; Ghent University > Faculty of Bioscience Engineering > Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology
Van Langenhove, H.; Ghent University > Faculty of Bioscience Engineering > Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology
Heinesch, Bernard ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Sciences et technologie de l'environnement > Physique des bio-systèmes
Aubinet, Marc ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Sciences et technologie de l'environnement > Physique des bio-systèmes
Steppe, K.; Ghent University > Faculty of Bioscience Engineering > Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology
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