Influence de l'écartement et de la fertilisation azotée sur le rendement et la qualité des semences de Brachiaria ruziziensis en climat tropical sub-humide
brachiaria ruziziensis; forage seed; nitrogen fertilisation; west africa; urochloa ruziziensis
Abstract :
[fr] L'expérimentation conduite au nord du Bénin a comparé (pendant 3 ans) 3 écartements entre les lignes (20, 40 et 80 cm) de Brachiaria ruziziensis et 4 niveaux de fertilisation azotée (0, 50, 100 et 200 unités N/ha). Le rendement en semences varie de 26 à 114 kg/ha, la fertilité des diaspores de 45 à 93 %. Au vu des résultats, l’installation des plants à un écartement de 40 cm est recommandée. L’influence de la fertilisation sur le rendement et la qualité des semences est variable suivant l'année de mesure : un apport de 50 kg N/ha les 2 premières années de culture (et de 100 kg en troisième année) donne les meilleurs résultats pour la production semencière. Une récolte de fourrage de qualité médiocre est envisageable après celle des semences mais en veillant à fertiliser correctement la culture. [en] Influence of row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer on Brachiaria ruziziensis (Germain and Evrard) Crins seed production and quality in a tropical subhumid climate
Row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer had influenced in various way seed yield and quality. A 3-year experiment was conducted on ferruginous soils of subhumid zone of West Africa to evaluate the influence of 3 row spacings (20, 40 and 80 cm) and 4 nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100 and 200 kg Nha-1) on Brachiaria ruziziensis (Germain and Evrard) Crins (commun type) seed production, quality and dry matter production. Rainfall recorded during experiment was between 1050 and 1210 mm/year. Plots were allocated in a completely randomised block design with 4 replications per treatment. The results show that seed yield, seed fertility, diaspore and caryopsis weight varied between 26 and 114 kgha-1, 45 and 93 %, 327 and 601 mg and 219 and 475 mg, respectively. Effects of row spacing and N levels were variable through years. During the first experiment year, 20 and 40 cm row width produced significantly (p < 0.01) more seed than 80 cm row spacing but there was no significant difference between 20 and 40 cm row spacings. In the two subsequent years, row spacing had not influence seed yield. For fertilizer, N level of 50 or 100 kgha-1 had produced significantly more seed than 0 or 200 kg Nha-1 during the first year but no significant difference had been observed between 50 and 100 kg Nha-1. In the second year, seed yield ranged in the order: F50 = F100 > F200 > F0 (p < 0.05). In the third year, the ranking was: F100 > F50 > F200 > F0 (p < 0.05). Row spacing had no influence on seed fertility and seed germination. N fertilizer had significantly influenced seed fertility, diaspore weight and germination but had no effect on caryopsis weight or germination rate. It can be concluded that spacing row of 40 cm would be recommended. N fertilizer input at the rate of 50 kgha-1 is necessary during the establishment year. In the second and third years, 50 and 100 kg of Nha-1 should be applied, respectively, for optimum seed yield and quality.
Influence de l'écartement et de la fertilisation azotée sur le rendement et la qualité des semences de Brachiaria ruziziensis en climat tropical sub-humide
Alternative titles :
[en] Impact of row spacing and nitrogen fertilization on the yield and quality of Brachiaria ruziziensis seeds in humid subtropical climates
Publication date :
2013
Journal title :
Fourrages
ISSN :
0429-2766
Publisher :
Institut national de la recherche agronomique. Service des publications, Versailles, France
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