X-ray properties of the young open clusters HM1 and IC 2944/2948

open clusters and associations: individual: HM1; open clusters and associations: individual: IC 2944; stars: early-type; open clusters and associations: individual: IC 2948; X-rays: stars

Abstract :

[en] Using XMM-Newton data, we study for the first time the X-ray emission of HM1 and IC 2944/2948. Low-mass, pre-main-sequence objects with an age of a few Myr are detected, as well as a few background or foreground objects. Most massive stars in both clusters display the usual high-energy properties of that type of objects, though with log [L[SUB]X[/SUB]/L[SUB]BOL[/SUB]] apparently lower in HM1 than in IC 2944/2948. Compared with studies of other clusters, it seems that a low signal-to-noise ratio at soft energies, due to the high extinction, may be the main cause of this difference. In HM1, the two Wolf-Rayet stars show contrasting behaviors: WR89 is extremely bright, but much softer than WR87. It remains to be seen whether wind-wind collisions or magnetically confined winds can explain these emissions. In IC 2944/2948, the X-ray sources concentrate around HD 101205; a group of massive stars to the north of this object is isolated, suggesting that there exist two subclusters in the field-of-view. Tables 2, 5, and Figs. 5, 9 are available in electronic form at <A href="http://www.aanda.org">http://www.aanda.org</A>Based on observations collected with XMM-Newton, an ESA Science Mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and the USA (NASA).Tables 1, 3 and 4 are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/555/A83">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/555/A83</A>

Disciplines :

Space science, astronomy & astrophysics

Author, co-author :

Nazé, Yaël ; Université de Liège - ULiège

Rauw, Grégor ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Sciences spatiales

Sana, H.; Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek, Amsterdam University, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Corcoran, M. F.; CRESST/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 ; Univ. Space Res. Ass., Columbia, MD, USA)

Language :

English

Title :

X-ray properties of the young open clusters HM1 and IC 2944/2948

Publication date :

01 July 2013

Journal title :

Astronomy and Astrophysics

ISSN :

0004-6361

eISSN :

1432-0746

Publisher :

EDP Sciences, Les Ulis, France

Volume :

555

Pages :

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

http://cdsads.u-strasbg.fr/abs/2013A%26A...555A..83N
http://de.arxiv.org/abs/1305.5105

Available on ORBi :

since 19 August 2013

Statistics

Number of views

30 (1 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

111 (1 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

Bibliography

Albacete-Colombo, J. F., Flaccomio, E.,Micela, G., Sciortino, S., & Damiani, F. 2007, A&A, 464, 211
Anders, E., & Grevesse, N. 1989, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 53, 197
Antokhin, I. I., Rauw, G., Vreux, J.-M., van der Hucht, K. A., & Brown, J. C. 2008, A&A, 477, 593
Berghöfer, T. W., & Schmitt, J. H. M. M. 1995, Wolf-Rayet Stars: Binaries; Colliding Winds; Evolution, 163, 382
Berghöfer, T. W., Schmitt, J. H. M. M., Danner, R., & Cassinelli, J. P. 1997, A&A, 322, 167
Cappa, C., Goss, W. M., & van der Hucht, K. A. 2004, AJ, 127, 2885
Cardelli, J. A., Clayton, G. C., & Mathis, J. S. 1989, ApJ, 345, 245
De Becker, M., Rauw, G., Sana, H., et al. 2006, MNRAS, 371, 1280
Dougherty, S. M., & Williams, P. M. 2000, MNRAS, 319, 1005
Fabricius, C., & Makarov, V. V. 2000, A&A, 356, 141
Feldmeier, A., Puls, J., & Pauldrach, A. W. A. 1997, A&A, 322, 878
Gagné, M., Oksala, M. E., Cohen, D. H., et al. 2005, ApJ, 628, 986; erratum: ApJ, 634, 712
Gamen, R., Gosset, E., Morrell, N., et al. 2006, A&A, 460, 777
Gamen, R., Barbá, R. H., Morrell, N. I., Arias, J., & Maíz Apellániz, J. 2008, Rev. Mex. Astron. Astrofis. Conf. Ser., 33, 54
Gosset, E., Nazé, Y., Claeskens, J.-F., et al. 2005, A&A, 429, 685
Güdel, M., & Nazé, Y. 2009, A&ARv, 17, 309
Hamann, W.-R., Gräfener, G., & Liermann, A. 2006, A&A, 457, 1015
Hartkopf, W. I., Mason, B. D., McAlister, H. A., et al. 1996, AJ, 111, 936
Havlen, R. J., & Moffat, A. F. J. 1977, A&A, 58, 351
Jeffries, R. D., Thurston, M. R., & Pye, J. P. 1997, MNRAS, 287, 350
Kharchenko, N. V., Piskunov, A. E., Röser, S., Schilbach, E., & Scholz, R.-D. 2005, A&A, 438, 1163
Leitherer, C., Chapman, J. M., & Koribalski, B. 1995, ApJ, 450, 289
Lindgren, B. W. 1968, Statistical theory, 3 edn. (New York: McMillan Pub)
McSwain, M. V., & Gies, D. R. 2005a, ApJ, 622, 1052
McSwain, M. V., & Gies, D. R. 2005b, ApJS, 161, 118
Malkov, O. Y., Oblak, E., Snegireva, E. A., & Torra, J. 2006, A&A, 446, 785
Martins, F., & Plez, B. 2006, A&A, 457, 637
Martins, F., Schaerer, D., & Hillier, D. J. 2005, A&A, 436, 1049
Massey, P., DeGioia-Eastwood, K., & Waterhouse, E. 2001, AJ, 121, 1050
Mernier, F., & Rauw, G. 2013, New Astron., 20, 42
Meyer, M. R., Calvet, N., & Hillenbrand, L. A. 1997, AJ, 114, 288
Montes, G., Pérez-Torres, M. A., Alberdi, A., & González, R. F. 2009, ApJ, 705, 899
Nazé, Y. 2009, A&A, 506, 1055
Nazé, Y., Rauw, G., & Manfroid, J. 2008, A&A, 483, 171
Nazé, Y., ud-Doula, A., Spano, M., et al. 2010, A&A, 520, A59
Nazé, Y., Broos, P. S., Oskinova, L., et al. 2011, ApJS, 194, 7
Nazé, Y., Mahy, L., Damerdji, Y., et al. 2012a, A&A, 546, A37
Nazé, Y., Oskinova, L. M., & Gosset, E., 2012b, ApJ, 763, 143
Oskinova, L. M. 2005, MNRAS, 361, 679
Otero, S. A. 2007, Open European Journal on Variable Stars, 72, 1
Owocki, S. P., & Cohen, D. H. 1999, ApJ, 520, 833
Owocki, S. P., Sundqvist, J. O., Cohen, D. H., & Gayley, K. G. 2013, MNRAS, 429, 3379
Perry, C. L., & Landolt, A. U. 1986, AJ, 92, 844
Pittard, J. M., Stevens, I. R., Corcoran, M. F., et al. 2000, MNRAS, 319, 137
Pollock, A. M. T., Haberl, F., & Corcoran, M. F. 1995, Wolf-Rayet Stars: Binaries; Colliding Winds; Evolution, 163, 512
Rauw, G. 2011, A&A, 536, A31
Rauw, G., Nazé, Y., Gosset, E., et al. 2002, A&A, 395, 499
Rauw, G., Manfroid, J., & De Becker, M. 2010, A&A, 511, A25
Reipurth, B. 2008, Handbook of Star Forming Regions II, 213
Reipurth, B., Corporon, P., Olberg, M., & Tenorio-Tagle, G. 1997, A&A, 327, 1185
Sana, H., Stevens, I. R., Gosset, E., Rauw, G., & Vreux, J.-M. 2004, MNRAS, 350, 809
Sana, H., Rauw, G., Nazé, Y., Gosset, E., & Vreux, J. M. 2006, MNRAS, 372, 661
Sana, H., James, G., & Gosset, E. 2011, MNRAS, 416, 817
Siess, L., Dufour, E., & Forestini, M. 2000, A&A, 358, 593
Skinner, S. L., Zhekov, S. A., Güdel, M., Schmutz, W., & Sokal, K. R. 2010, AJ, 139, 825
Skinner, S. L., Zhekov, S. A., Güdel, M., Schmutz, W., & Sokal, K. R. 2012, AJ, 143, 116
Stevens, I. R., Blondin, J. M., & Pollock, A. M. T. 1992, ApJ, 386, 265
Sugitani, K., & Ogura, K. 1994, ApJS, 92, 163
Thé, P. S., Arens, M., & van der Hucht, K. A. 1982, Astrophys. Lett., 22, 109
Tokunaga, A. T. 2000, in Allen's Astrophysical Quantities, ed. A. N. Cox (New York: AIP Press, Springer Verlag)
Tovmassian, H. M., Epremian, R. A., Hovhannessian, K., et al. 1998, AJ, 115, 1083
van Leeuwen, F. 2007, A&A, 474, 653
van Loo, S., Runacres, M. C., & Blomme, R. 2006, A&A, 452, 1011
Vázquez, R. A., & Baume, G. 2001, A&A, 371, 908
Walborn, N. R. 1987, AJ, 93, 868
Wessolowski, U. 1996, in Wolf-Rayet stars in the framework of stellar evolution, Proc. Liège International Astrophysics Colloquium, 33, 345
Yamaguchi, R., Saito, H., Mizuno, N., et al. 1999, PASJ, 51, 791