[en] Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a rather common phenomenon in clinical practice. It may occur in 5-10 % of normal individuals, but its prevalence increases with age and various pathologies, so that it may rise above 35 % in certain subgroups of patients. OH is associated with various comorbidities, in particular cardio-cerebro-vascular accidents and falls (especially in the elderly), and may even increase mortality. It is, however, difficult to determine whether OH is simply a marker of frailty or whether it is really a risk factor. OH treatment involves physical manoeuvres or medications, which aim at inducing a peripheral vasoconstriction (midodrine, etilefrine) or an increase of circulating blood volume (9-alpha-fluohydrocortisone). However, their use should be cautious, because of a risk of arterial hypertension in supine position. [fr] : L’hypotension orthostatique (HO) est un phénomène
fréquemment rencontré en pratique clinique. Il peut toucher
5-10 % des sujets normaux, mais sa prévalence augmente
fortement avec l’âge et avec certaines pathologies, pouvant
dépasser les 35 % dans certains groupes de patients. L’HO est
associée à diverses comorbidités, en particulier des accidents
cardio-cérébro-vasculaires et des chutes (spécialement dans
la population âgée), et même à une mortalité accrue. Il est
cependant difficile de savoir si l’HO est un simple marqueur
de fragilité ou un véritable facteur de risque. Le traitement
fait appel à diverses manœuvres physiques ou à des médicaments, dont l’action consiste à induire une vasoconstriction
périphérique (midodrine, étiléfrine) ou une augmentation
de la masse sanguine circulante (9-alpha-fluohydrocortisone).
Leur utilisation doit cependant être prudente, en raison d’un
risque d’hypertension artérielle de décubitus.
Disciplines :
Cardiovascular & respiratory systems
Author, co-author :
TYBERGHEIN, Maëlle ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service de médecine de l'appareil locomoteur
Philips, J.-C.
Krzesinski, Jean-Marie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cliniques > Néphrologie
SCHEEN, André ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Diabétologie,nutrition, maladies métaboliques
Language :
French
Title :
L'hypotension orthostatique: 2eme partie. Epidemiologie, complications et traitements.
Alternative titles :
[en] Orthostatic hypotension: 2nd part. Epidemiology, complications and treatments
Publication date :
2013
Journal title :
Revue Médicale de Liège
ISSN :
0370-629X
eISSN :
2566-1566
Publisher :
Université de Liège. Revue Médicale de Liège, Liège, Belgium
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