Free tropospheric CO, C2H6, and HCN above central Europe: Recent measurements from the Jungfraujoch station including the detection of elevated columns during 1998
Rinsland, C. P.; Mahieu, Emmanuel; Zander, Rodolpheet al.
2000 • In Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres, 105 (D19), p. 24235-24249
[en] Time series of free tropospheric carbon monoxide (CO), ethane (C2H6), and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) column abundances have been derived from observations at the International Scientific Station of the Jungfraujoch (ISSJ) at 3.58-km altitude in the Swiss Alps (latitude 46.55 degreesN, 7.98 degreesE longitude). The free troposphere was assumed to extend from 3.58 to 11 km altitude, and the related columns were derived for all three molecules from high spectral resolution infrared solar spectra recorded between January 1995 and October 1999. The three molecules show distinct seasonal cycles with maxima during winter for CO and C2H6, and during spring for HCN. These seasonal changes are superimposed on interannual variations. The tropospheric columns of all three molecules were elevated during 1998. Increases were most pronounced for HCN with enhanced values throughout the year, up to a factor of 2 in January 1998 when compared to averages of the other years. The increased tropospheric columns coincide with the period of widespread wildfires during the strong El Nino warm phase of 1997-1998. The emission enhancements above ISSJ are less pronounced, and they peaked after the increases measured above Mauna Loa (19.55 degreesN, 155.6 degreesW). Tropospheric trends for CO, C2H6, and HCN of (2.40 +/- 0.49), (0.47 +/- 0.64), and (7.00 +/- 1.61)% yr(-1)(1 sigma) were derived for January 1995 to October 1999. However, if 1998 measurements are excluded from the fit, CO and HCN trends that are not statistically significant, and a statistically significant decrease in the C2H6 tropospheric column, are inferred. Comparisons of the infrared CO columns with CO in situ surface measurements suggest that the CO free tropospheric vertical Volume mixing ratio profile generally decreases with altitude throughout the year.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Rinsland, C. P.
Mahieu, Emmanuel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Groupe infra-rouge de phys. atmosph. et solaire (GIRPAS)
Zander, Rodolphe ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Services généraux (Faculté des sciences) > Relations académiques et scientifiques (Sciences)
Demoulin, Philippe ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Groupe infra-rouge de phys. atmosph. et solaire (GIRPAS)
Forrer, J.
Buchmann, B.
Language :
English
Title :
Free tropospheric CO, C2H6, and HCN above central Europe: Recent measurements from the Jungfraujoch station including the detection of elevated columns during 1998
Publication date :
16 October 2000
Journal title :
Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres
ISSN :
2169-897X
eISSN :
2169-8996
Publisher :
American Geophysical Union (AGU), Washington, United States - Washington
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