Insulin sensitivity modulates the growth response during the first year of high-dose growth hormone treatment in short prepubertal children born small for gestational age.
Age Factors; Body Height/drug effects/physiology; Child; Child Development/drug effects/physiology; Child, Preschool; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Growth Disorders/drug therapy/metabolism; Human Growth Hormone/therapeutic use; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Small for Gestational Age/growth & development/metabolism; Insulin Resistance/physiology; Male; Puberty/metabolism/physiology; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome
Abstract :
[en] AIM: To study the relationship between insulin sensitivity and growth response in short children born small for gestational age (SGA) treated with growth hormone (GH). METHODS: Randomized, open-label, 24-month intervention study in 40 short prepubertal SGA children [age (mean +/- SD) 5.3 +/- 1.5 years], who either remained untreated (n = 20) or were treated with GH (66 microg/kg/day; n = 20). Changes in fasting glucose, insulin, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), IGF-1 and leptin after 1 and 2 years were studied. RESULTS: Mean height SDS increased from -3.3 +/- 0.7 to -2.3 +/- 0.7 after 1 year, and to -1.9 +/- 0.7 after 2 years of treatment. QUICKI decreased significantly (p = 0.008) in the first year of GH treatment and stabilized in the second year. Baseline QUICKI was positively associated (r = 0.40; p < 0.05) with the change in height SDS in the first year. CONCLUSION: Higher insulin sensitivity at the start of GH therapy is associated with greater first-year growth response to GH, and could be a promising parameter in selecting prepubertal short SGA children for GH treatment. However, this finding needs to be confirmed in larger studies.
Insulin sensitivity modulates the growth response during the first year of high-dose growth hormone treatment in short prepubertal children born small for gestational age.
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