Abstract :
[en] Escherichia coli was described in 1885 by a German pediatrician, Theodor Escherich, in
the faeces of a child suffering diarrhoea. In 1893, a Danish veterinarian postulated that
the E. coli species comprises different strains, some being pathogens, others not. Today
the E. coli species is subdivided into several pathogenic strains causing different intestinal,
urinary tract or internal infections and pathologies, in animal species and in humans. Since
this congress topic is the interaction between E. coli and the mucosal immune system, the
purpose of this manuscript is to present different classes of adhesins (fimbrial adhesins,
afimbrial adhesins and outer membrane proteins), the type 3 secretion system, and some
toxins (oligopeptide, AB, and RTX pore-forming toxins) produced by E. coli, that can directly
interact with the epithelial cells of the intestinal, respiratory and urinary tracts.
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