hooliganisme; supporters; football; prévention; violence; sport
Abstract :
[en] Supporter violence in football grounds is not only characterised by its spontaneity but also by a more organised and premeditated form of violence. The problem seemed to be under control in most countries in Europe, due to the considerable security measures that have been put in place. Unfortunately, we are now seeing a resurgence of the phenomenon with a new generation of hooligans. For a number of years, in depth, preventive, educational measures, such as “Fan coaching”, have been used with targeted groups of supporters. The recent
evolution in supporter attitude in Europe has shown that a number of responsible citizens have taken the matter into their own hands and organised similar "social" programmes to reduce the tension, aggression and violence at football matches.