Aspects neurologiques associés au Syndrome de Down

Summary : Down syndrome is one of best caracterized genetic syndromes. Its phenotype includes specific morphological features, mental retardation and several organic impairments such as cardiac malformations, cutaneous disorders and immunologic abnormalities. Beside these disturbances neurological disorders have been less considered or thought to be the expression of the mental retardation. However it is important to pay attention to the high incidence of epilepsy such as West syndrome in infants and “Late-Onset of myoclonic epilepsy in Down Syndrome” in the adult. They might required specific treatment. ADHD as well as autistic behavior may be difficult to diagnose especially in children with severe mental retardation. They need precise attention and rigourous follow-up of their treatment.